借助 IMA SDK,您可以轻松地将多媒体广告集成到网站和应用中。IMA SDK 可以从任何 符合 VAST 标准的广告服务器请求广告,并在您的应用中管理广告播放。借助 IMA DAI SDK,应用可以针对广告和内容视频(视频点播或直播内容)发出视频流请求。然后,SDK 会返回一个组合视频流,这样您就不必在应用中管理广告和内容视频之间的切换。
选择您感兴趣的 DAI 解决方案
全方位服务 DAI
本指南演示了如何将 IMA DAI SDK 集成到简单的视频播放器应用中。如果您想查看或跟随完成的示例集成,请从 GitHub 下载 BasicExample。
IMA DAI 概览
实现 IMA DAI 涉及三个主要 SDK 组件,如本指南所示:
IMAAdDisplayContainer: 位于视频播放元素顶部并包含广告界面元素的容器对象。IMAAdsLoader: 用于请求流并处理由流请求响应对象触发的事件的对象。 您应该只实例化一个广告加载程序,该加载程序可在整个应用生命周期内重复使用。IMAStreamRequest-IMAVODStreamRequest或IMALiveStreamRequest:用于定义视频流请求的对象。视频流请求可以是视频点播请求,也可以是直播请求。直播请求会指定素材资源键,而 VOD 请求会指定 CMS ID 和视频 ID。这两种请求类型都可以选择性地包含访问指定视频流所需的 API 密钥,以及 Google Ad Manager 网络代码,以便 IMA SDK 按照 Google Ad Manager 设置中的指定方式处理广告标识符。IMAStreamManager:用于处理动态广告插播流以及与 DAI 后端的互动的对象。流管理器还会处理跟踪 ping,并将流和广告事件转发给发布商。
前提条件
在开始之前,您需要做好以下准备:
- Xcode 13 或更高版本
- Swift Package Manager、CocoaPods 或下载的 IMA DAI SDK for tvOS 副本
创建新的 Xcode 项目
在 Xcode 中,使用 Objective-C 创建新的 tvOS 项目。使用 BasicExample 作为项目名称。
将 IMA DAI SDK 添加到 Xcode 项目
您可以使用以下三种方法之一来安装 IMA DAI SDK。
使用 Swift Package Manager 安装 SDK
互动式媒体广告 SDK 支持 4.8.2 及更高版本的 Swift Package Manager。请按照以下步骤导入 Swift 软件包。
在 Xcode 中,依次前往 File > Add Packages,安装 GoogleInteractiveMediaAds Swift 软件包。
在显示的提示中,搜索 GoogleInteractiveMediaAds Swift 软件包的 GitHub 代码库:
https://github.com/googleads/swift-package-manager-google-interactive-media-ads-tvos选择您要使用的 GoogleInteractiveMediaAds Swift 软件包版本。对于新项目,我们建议使用 Up to Next Major Version(更新至下一主要版本前的最新版)规则。
完成后,Xcode 会解析您的软件包依赖项,并在后台下载它们。如需详细了解如何添加软件包依赖项,请参阅 Apple 的文章。
使用 CocoaPods 安装 SDK
CocoaPods 是一种适用于 Xcode 项目的依赖项管理器,也是安装 IMA DAI SDK 的推荐方法。如需详细了解如何安装或使用 CocoaPods,请参阅 CocoaPods 文档。安装 CocoaPods 后,请按照以下说明安装 IMA DAI SDK:
在 BasicExample.xcodeproj 文件所在的目录中,创建一个名为 Podfile 的文本文件,并添加以下配置:
source 'https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git' platform :tvos, '15' target "BasicExample" do pod 'GoogleAds-IMA-tvOS-SDK', '~> 4.16.0' end在包含 Podfile 的目录中,运行以下命令:
pod install --repo-update打开 BasicExample.xcworkspace 文件,确认其中包含两个项目:BasicExample 和 Pods(由 CocoaPods 安装的依赖项),以验证安装是否成功。
手动下载并安装 SDK
如果您不想使用 Swift Package Manager 或 CocoaPods,可以下载 IMA DAI SDK 并手动将其添加到项目中。
导入 IMA SDK
使用 import 语句添加 IMA 框架:
Objective-C
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AVKit/AVKit.h>
@import GoogleInteractiveMediaAds;
Swift
import AVFoundation
import GoogleInteractiveMediaAds
import UIKit
创建视频播放器并集成 IMA SDK
以下示例展示了如何初始化 IMA SDK:
Objective-C
// Live stream asset key, VOD content source and video IDs, and backup content URL.
static NSString *const kAssetKey = @"c-rArva4ShKVIAkNfy6HUQ";
static NSString *const kContentSourceID = @"2548831";
static NSString *const kVideoID = @"tears-of-steel";
static NSString *const kNetworkCode = @"21775744923";
static NSString *const kBackupStreamURLString =
@"http://googleimadev-vh.akamaihd.net/i/big_buck_bunny/bbb-,480p,720p,1080p,.mov.csmil/"
@"master.m3u8";
static const StreamType kDefaultStreamType = StreamTypeLive;
@interface ViewController () <IMAAdsLoaderDelegate,
IMAStreamManagerDelegate,
AVPlayerViewControllerDelegate>
@property(nonatomic) IMAAdsLoader *adsLoader;
@property(nonatomic) IMAAdDisplayContainer *adDisplayContainer;
@property(nonatomic) UIView *adContainerView;
@property(nonatomic) id<IMAVideoDisplay> videoDisplay;
@property(nonatomic) IMAStreamManager *streamManager;
@property(nonatomic) AVPlayerViewController *playerViewController;
@property(nonatomic, getter=isAdBreakActive) BOOL adBreakActive;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
self.streamType = kDefaultStreamType;
[self setupAdsLoader];
[self setupPlayer];
[self setupAdContainer];
}
- (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated {
[super viewDidAppear:animated];
[self requestStream];
}
- (void)setupPlayer {
// Create a stream video player.
AVPlayer *player = [[AVPlayer alloc] init];
self.playerViewController = [[AVPlayerViewController alloc] init];
self.playerViewController.player = player;
// Attach video player to view hierarchy.
[self addChildViewController:self.playerViewController];
[self.view addSubview:self.playerViewController.view];
self.playerViewController.view.frame = self.view.bounds;
[self.playerViewController didMoveToParentViewController:self];
}
Swift
class ViewController:
UIViewController,
IMAAdsLoaderDelegate,
IMAStreamManagerDelegate,
AVPlayerViewControllerDelegate
{
// Live stream asset key, VOD content source and video IDs, Google Ad Manager network code, and
// backup content URL.
static let assetKey = "c-rArva4ShKVIAkNfy6HUQ"
static let contentSourceID = "2548831"
static let videoID = "tears-of-steel"
static let networkCode = "21775744923"
static let backupStreamURLString =
"http://googleimadev-vh.akamaihd.net/i/big_buck_bunny/bbb-,480p,720p,1080p,.mov.csmil/master.m3u8"
var adsLoader: IMAAdsLoader?
var videoDisplay: IMAAVPlayerVideoDisplay!
var adDisplayContainer: IMAAdDisplayContainer?
var adContainerView: UIView?
private var streamManager: IMAStreamManager?
private var contentPlayhead: IMAAVPlayerContentPlayhead?
private var playerViewController: AVPlayerViewController!
private var userSeekTime = 0.0
private var adBreakActive = false
private enum StreamType {
case live
/// Video on demand.
case vod
}
/// Set the stream type here.
private let currentStreamType: StreamType = .live
deinit {
NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self)
}
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
self.view.backgroundColor = UIColor.black
setupAdsLoader()
setupPlayer()
setupAdContainer()
}
override func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated)
requestStream()
}
func setupPlayer() {
let player = AVPlayer()
let playerViewController = AVPlayerViewController()
playerViewController.delegate = self
playerViewController.player = player
// Set up our content playhead and contentComplete callback.
contentPlayhead = IMAAVPlayerContentPlayhead(avPlayer: player)
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(
self,
selector: #selector(ViewController.contentDidFinishPlaying(_:)),
name: NSNotification.Name.AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTime,
object: player.currentItem)
self.addChild(playerViewController)
playerViewController.view.frame = self.view.bounds
self.view.insertSubview(playerViewController.view, at: 0)
playerViewController.didMove(toParent: self)
self.playerViewController = playerViewController
}
在 viewDidLoad() 中,setupAdsLoader() 会创建 IMAAdsLoader,setupPlayer() 会创建 AVPlayerViewController,而 setupAdContainer() 会准备 UIView 以显示广告。当视图变为可见时,viewDidAppear() 会调用 requestStream() 来请求 DAI 直播。
为了定义流请求参数,此示例使用了常量,例如 asset key(用于直播)或 content source ID 和 video ID(用于 VOD 流)。该示例还使用以下组件来管理 IMA SDK:
adsLoader:处理向 Google Ad Manager 发出的流请求。我们建议在应用的整个生命周期内使用单个实例。videoDisplay:一种IMAVideoDisplay实现,允许 IMA 使用 AVPlayer 控制视频播放和跟踪播放事件。adDisplayContainer:用于管理在广告插播期间用于渲染广告界面元素和处理界面焦点的视图。streamManager:管理广告和内容组合流的播放,并使用其委托发送广告生命周期事件。playerViewController:用于呈现由 IMA SDK 管理的视频流的 tvOS 播放器。adBreakActive:一个布尔值标志,用于指示广告插播是否正在播放,以防止搜索广告和管理界面焦点。
实现 IMAAdsLoader
接下来,实例化 IMAAdsLoader 并将广告容器视图附加到视图层次结构。
Objective-C
- (void)setupAdsLoader {
self.adsLoader = [[IMAAdsLoader alloc] init];
self.adsLoader.delegate = self;
}
- (void)setupAdContainer {
// Attach the ad container to the view hierarchy on top of the player.
self.adContainerView = [[UIView alloc] init];
[self.view addSubview:self.adContainerView];
self.adContainerView.frame = self.view.bounds;
// Keep hidden initially, until an ad break.
self.adContainerView.hidden = YES;
}
Swift
func setupAdsLoader() {
let adsLoader = IMAAdsLoader(settings: nil)
adsLoader.delegate = self
self.adsLoader = adsLoader
}
func setupAdContainer() {
// Attach the ad container to the view hierarchy on top of the player.
let adContainerView = UIView()
self.view.addSubview(adContainerView)
adContainerView.frame = self.view.bounds
// Keep hidden initially, until an ad break.
adContainerView.isHidden = true
self.adContainerView = adContainerView
}
发出流式请求
创建一些常量来保存视频流信息,然后实现视频流请求函数以发出请求。
Objective-C
- (void)requestStream {
self.videoDisplay =
[[IMAAVPlayerVideoDisplay alloc] initWithAVPlayer:self.playerViewController.player];
self.adDisplayContainer = [[IMAAdDisplayContainer alloc] initWithAdContainer:self.adContainerView
viewController:self];
// Use the streamType property to determine which request to create.
IMAStreamRequest *request;
switch (self.streamType) {
case StreamTypeLive: {
request = [[IMALiveStreamRequest alloc] initWithAssetKey:kAssetKey
networkCode:kNetworkCode
adDisplayContainer:self.adDisplayContainer
videoDisplay:self.videoDisplay
userContext:nil];
NSLog(@"IMA: Requesting Live Stream with Asset Key: %@.", kAssetKey);
break;
}
case StreamTypeVOD: {
request = [[IMAVODStreamRequest alloc] initWithContentSourceID:kContentSourceID
videoID:kVideoID
networkCode:kNetworkCode
adDisplayContainer:self.adDisplayContainer
videoDisplay:self.videoDisplay
userContext:nil];
NSLog(@"IMA: Requesting VOD Stream with Video ID: %@.", kVideoID);
break;
}
}
if (request) {
[self.adsLoader requestStreamWithRequest:request];
} else {
// Fallback or error handling if no request object was created
NSLog(@"IMA Error: Could not create stream request for unknown type.");
[self playBackupStream];
}
}
Swift
func requestStream() {
guard let playerViewController = self.playerViewController else { return }
guard let adContainerView = self.adContainerView else { return }
guard let adsLoader = self.adsLoader else { return }
self.videoDisplay = IMAAVPlayerVideoDisplay(avPlayer: playerViewController.player!)
let adDisplayContainer = IMAAdDisplayContainer(
adContainer: adContainerView, viewController: self)
self.adDisplayContainer = adDisplayContainer
// Variable to hold the specific stream request object.
let request: IMAStreamRequest
switch self.currentStreamType {
case .live:
// Create a live stream request.
request = IMALiveStreamRequest(
assetKey: ViewController.assetKey,
networkCode: ViewController.networkCode,
adDisplayContainer: adDisplayContainer,
videoDisplay: self.videoDisplay,
pictureInPictureProxy: nil,
userContext: nil)
print("IMA: Requesting Live Stream with asset key \(ViewController.assetKey)")
case .vod:
// Create a VOD stream request.
request = IMAVODStreamRequest(
contentSourceID: ViewController.contentSourceID,
videoID: ViewController.videoID,
networkCode: ViewController.networkCode,
adDisplayContainer: adDisplayContainer,
videoDisplay: self.videoDisplay,
pictureInPictureProxy: nil,
userContext: nil)
print(
"IMA: Requesting VOD Stream with content source ID \(ViewController.contentSourceID) and "
+ "video ID \(ViewController.videoID)")
}
adsLoader.requestStream(with: request)
}
处理流事件
IMAAdsLoader 和 IMAStreamManager 会触发用于处理初始化、错误和流状态变化的事件。这些事件通过 IMAAdsLoaderDelegate 和 IMAStreamManagerDelegate 协议触发。监听广告加载事件并初始化流。如果广告加载失败,则改为播放备用视频流。
Objective-C
- (void)playBackupStream {
NSURL *backupStreamURL = [NSURL URLWithString:kBackupStreamURLString];
[self.videoDisplay loadStream:backupStreamURL withSubtitles:@[]];
[self.videoDisplay play];
[self startMediaSession];
}
- (void)startMediaSession {
[[AVAudioSession sharedInstance] setActive:YES error:nil];
[[AVAudioSession sharedInstance] setCategory:AVAudioSessionCategoryPlayback error:nil];
}
#pragma mark - IMAAdsLoaderDelegate
- (void)adsLoader:(IMAAdsLoader *)loader adsLoadedWithData:(IMAAdsLoadedData *)adsLoadedData {
// Initialize and listen to stream manager's events.
self.streamManager = adsLoadedData.streamManager;
self.streamManager.delegate = self;
[self.streamManager initializeWithAdsRenderingSettings:nil];
NSLog(@"Stream created with: %@.", self.streamManager.streamId);
}
- (void)adsLoader:(IMAAdsLoader *)loader failedWithErrorData:(IMAAdLoadingErrorData *)adErrorData {
// Fall back to playing the backup stream.
NSLog(@"Error loading ads: %@", adErrorData.adError.message);
[self playBackupStream];
}
Swift
@objc func contentDidFinishPlaying(_ notification: Notification) {
guard let adsLoader = self.adsLoader else { return }
adsLoader.contentComplete()
}
func startMediaSession() {
try? AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().setActive(true, options: [])
try? AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().setCategory(.playback)
}
// MARK: - IMAAdsLoaderDelegate
func adsLoader(_ loader: IMAAdsLoader, adsLoadedWith adsLoadedData: IMAAdsLoadedData) {
let streamManager = adsLoadedData.streamManager!
streamManager.delegate = self
streamManager.initialize(with: nil)
self.streamManager = streamManager
}
func adsLoader(_ loader: IMAAdsLoader, failedWith adErrorData: IMAAdLoadingErrorData) {
print("Error loading ads: \(adErrorData.adError.message)")
let streamUrl = URL(string: ViewController.backupStreamURLString)
self.videoDisplay.loadStream(streamUrl!, withSubtitles: [])
self.videoDisplay.play()
playerViewController.player?.play()
}
处理日志记录和错误事件
有多个事件可由流管理器委托处理,但对于基本实现,最重要的用途是执行事件日志记录、在播放广告时防止搜索操作以及处理错误。
Objective-C
#pragma mark - IMAStreamManagerDelegate
- (void)streamManager:(IMAStreamManager *)streamManager didReceiveAdEvent:(IMAAdEvent *)event {
NSLog(@"StreamManager event (%@).", event.typeString);
switch (event.type) {
case kIMAAdEvent_STREAM_STARTED: {
[self startMediaSession];
break;
}
case kIMAAdEvent_STARTED: {
// Log extended data.
NSString *extendedAdPodInfo = [[NSString alloc]
initWithFormat:@"Showing ad %zd/%zd, bumper: %@, title: %@, description: %@, contentType:"
@"%@, pod index: %zd, time offset: %lf, max duration: %lf.",
event.ad.adPodInfo.adPosition, event.ad.adPodInfo.totalAds,
event.ad.adPodInfo.isBumper ? @"YES" : @"NO", event.ad.adTitle,
event.ad.adDescription, event.ad.contentType, event.ad.adPodInfo.podIndex,
event.ad.adPodInfo.timeOffset, event.ad.adPodInfo.maxDuration];
NSLog(@"%@", extendedAdPodInfo);
break;
}
case kIMAAdEvent_AD_BREAK_STARTED: {
self.adContainerView.hidden = NO;
// Trigger an update to send focus to the ad display container.
self.adBreakActive = YES;
[self setNeedsFocusUpdate];
break;
}
case kIMAAdEvent_AD_BREAK_ENDED: {
self.adContainerView.hidden = YES;
// Trigger an update to send focus to the content player.
self.adBreakActive = NO;
[self setNeedsFocusUpdate];
break;
}
case kIMAAdEvent_ICON_FALLBACK_IMAGE_CLOSED: {
// Resume playback after the user has closed the dialog.
[self.videoDisplay play];
break;
}
default:
break;
}
}
- (void)streamManager:(IMAStreamManager *)streamManager didReceiveAdError:(IMAAdError *)error {
// Fall back to playing the backup stream.
NSLog(@"StreamManager error: %@", error.message);
[self playBackupStream];
}
Swift
// MARK: - IMAStreamManagerDelegate
func streamManager(_ streamManager: IMAStreamManager, didReceive event: IMAAdEvent) {
print("StreamManager event \(event.typeString).")
switch event.type {
case IMAAdEventType.STREAM_STARTED:
self.startMediaSession()
case IMAAdEventType.STARTED:
// Log extended data.
if let ad = event.ad {
let extendedAdPodInfo = String(
format: "Showing ad %zd/%zd, bumper: %@, title: %@, "
+ "description: %@, contentType:%@, pod index: %zd, "
+ "time offset: %lf, max duration: %lf.",
ad.adPodInfo.adPosition,
ad.adPodInfo.totalAds,
ad.adPodInfo.isBumper ? "YES" : "NO",
ad.adTitle,
ad.adDescription,
ad.contentType,
ad.adPodInfo.podIndex,
ad.adPodInfo.timeOffset,
ad.adPodInfo.maxDuration)
print("\(extendedAdPodInfo)")
}
break
case IMAAdEventType.AD_BREAK_STARTED:
if let adContainerView = self.adContainerView {
adContainerView.isHidden = false
}
// Trigger an update to send focus to the ad display container.
adBreakActive = true
setNeedsFocusUpdate()
break
case IMAAdEventType.AD_BREAK_ENDED:
if let adContainerView = self.adContainerView {
adContainerView.isHidden = true
}
// Trigger an update to send focus to the content player.
adBreakActive = false
setNeedsFocusUpdate()
break
case IMAAdEventType.ICON_FALLBACK_IMAGE_CLOSED:
// Resume playback after the user has closed the dialog.
self.videoDisplay.play()
break
default:
break
}
}
func streamManager(_ streamManager: IMAStreamManager, didReceive error: IMAAdError) {
print("StreamManager error: \(error.message ?? "Unknown Error")")
}
大功告成!您现在可以使用 IMA DAI SDK 请求和展示广告了。如需了解更高级的 SDK 功能,请参阅其他指南或 GitHub 上的示例。