Geocoding API 概览
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Geocoding API 是一项服务，可接受地点作为地址、纬度和经度坐标或地点 ID。它可将地址转换为纬度和经度坐标以及地点 ID，或将纬度和经度坐标或地点 ID 转换为地址。
为何使用 Geocoding API
如果您想在 Google Maps Platform API 提供的地图中使用地理编码数据，请使用适用于网站或移动应用的 Geocoding API。
借助 Geocoding API，您可以使用地址在地图上放置标记，或将地图上的标记转换为地址。此服务专用于对预定义的静态地址进行地理编码，以便在地图上放置应用内容。
您可以利用 Geocoding API 执行的操作
您可以使用 Geocoding API 获取一个或多个地址或地点的地理编码数据，包括：
- 地址的地理坐标。
- 一组纬度和经度坐标对应的地址。
- 地点 ID 的地址。
您可以控制结果的展示位置，并将结果限制为特定区域、郡或邮政编码。
Geocoding API 的运作方式
Geocoding API 既可进行地理编码，也可进行反向地理编码：
- 地理编码：将地址（例如“1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA”）转换为纬度和经度坐标或地点 ID。您可以使用这些坐标在地图上放置标记，或在地图视图框中居中显示或重新定位地图。
- 反向地理编码：将纬度/经度坐标或地点 ID 转换为直观易懂的地址。您可以将地址用于各种场景，包括送货或自提。
以下演示通过 Maps JavaScript API 使用地理编码服务，以演示 Geocoding API 的运作方式。在单独的标签页中打开地图，即可查看更多选项和详细信息。
资源
下表汇总了通过 Geocoding API 提供的资源以及每个端点返回的数据。
如何使用 Geocoding API
| 1 |
进行设置。 |
首先设置 Google Cloud 项目，然后完成后续的设置说明。 |
| 2 |
尝试地理编码请求 |
获得 API 密钥后，您就可以直接通过 curl 或浏览器开始测试 Geocoding API。您需要为地址或组件查找提供正确的查找参数。如需了解详情，请参阅地理编码参数。
|
| 3 |
尝试发出反向地理编码请求 |
提供纬度/经度坐标和 API 密钥，以获取相应位置距离最近的直观易懂的地址的地址组成部分。
如需了解详情，请参阅反向地理编码请求。
|
| 4 |
了解响应基础知识 |
Geocoding API 中的所有端点都会以 JSON 或 XML 格式返回相同的数据。
如需了解数据、状态代码和错误消息，请参阅地理编码响应。
|
| 5 |
将地理编码数据纳入到您自己的应用中！ |
您可以使用地理编码数据从地图标记中获取地址，或根据已知地址在地图上提供标记。
|
可用的客户端库
通过以下任一客户端库以您偏好的语言调用此 API：
适用于 Google 地图服务的 Java 客户端、Python 客户端、Go 客户端和 Node.js 客户端是由社区提供支持的客户端库，并且根据 Apache 2.0 许可开放源代码。您可以从 GitHub 下载这些客户端库，还可以在 GitHub 上找到安装说明和示例代码。
后续步骤
如未另行说明，那么本页面中的内容已根据知识共享署名 4.0 许可获得了许可，并且代码示例已根据 Apache 2.0 许可获得了许可。有关详情，请参阅 Google 开发者网站政策。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC)：2025-08-31。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC)：2025-08-31。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eThe Geocoding API converts addresses into geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) and vice versa.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThis API is ideal for placing markers on maps based on addresses and retrieving addresses from map locations for static content, not dynamic user input.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eYou can use the Geocoding API to find geographic coordinates for addresses, addresses for coordinates, and addresses for Place IDs.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe API supports both geocoding (address to coordinates) and reverse geocoding (coordinates to address).\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eClient libraries are available in Java, Python, Go, and Node.js for easy integration into your applications.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["**European Economic Area (EEA) developers** If your billing address is in the European Economic Area, effective on 8 July 2025, the [Google Maps Platform EEA Terms of Service](https://cloud.google.com/terms/maps-platform/eea) will apply to your use of the Services. Functionality varies by region. [Learn more](/maps/comms/eea/faq). \n\nThe Geocoding API is a service that accepts a place as an\naddress, latitude and longitude coordinates, or Place ID. It converts the\naddress into latitude and longitude coordinates and a Place ID, or converts\nlatitude and longitude coordinates or a Place ID into an address.\n| **Note** : If you only want plus codes and don't want to use an API key, you can use the [Plus codes API](https://github.com/google/open-location-code/tree/main/Documentation).\n\nWhy use the Geocoding API\n\nUse the Geocoding API for website or mobile application when you want to use\ngeocoding data within maps provided by one of the Google Maps Platform APIs.\nWith the Geocoding API, you use addresses to place markers on a map, or\nconvert a marker on a map to an address. This service is designed for geocoding\n**predefined, static addresses** for placement of application\ncontent on a map.\n| This service is **not** designed to respond directly to user\n| input. To do dynamic geocoding, for example, in a user interface, see the\n| [Maps JavaScript API\n| client geocoder](/maps/documentation/javascript/geocoding) and/or the\n| [Google Play services Location APIs](https://developer.android.com/google/play-services/location.html).\n\nWhat you can do with the Geocoding API\n\nYou can use the Geocoding API to obtain geocoding data for one or more addresses or\nplaces, including the following:\n\n- Geographic coordinates for addresses.\n- Addresses for sets of latitude and longitude coordinates.\n- Addresses for place IDs.\n\nYou can control where the results appear and constrain the results to a particular region,\ncounty, or postal code.\n\nHow the Geocoding API works\n\nThe Geocoding API does both geocoding and reverse geocoding:\n\n- [**Geocoding**](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-geocoding): Converts addresses such as \"1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA\" into latitude and longitude coordinates or Place IDs. You can use these coordinates to place markers on a map, or to center or reposition the map within the view frame.\n- [**Reverse geocoding**](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-reverse-geocoding): Converts latitude/longitude coordinates or a Place ID into a human-readable address. You can use addresses for a variety of scenarios, including deliveries or pickups.\n\nThe following demo uses the Geocoding Service through the Maps JavaScript API\nto demonstrate how the Geocoding API works. Open the map in a separate tab\nto see more options and details.\n\nResources\n\nThe following table summarizes the resources available through the\nGeocoding API along with the data each endpoint returns.\n\n| Data resources | Data returned | Return format |\n|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|\n| [Geocoding](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-geocoding) | Returns address, address components, and address types. See [Results](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-geocoding#results) in the *Geocoding request and response* guide. | - JSON - XML |\n| [Reverse geocoding](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-reverse-geocoding) | Returns address, address components, and address types. See [Reverse geocoding responses](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-reverse-geocoding#reverse-response) in the Reverse geocoding request and response guide. | - JSON - XML |\n| [Place geocoding](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-places-geocoding) | Returns address, address components, and address types. See [Reverse geocoding responses](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-places-geocoding) in the Place geocoding request and response guide. | - JSON - XML |\n| - JSON - XML |\n\nHow to use the Geocoding API\n\n|---|---------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| 1 | **Get set up.** | Start with [Set up your Google Cloud project](/maps/documentation/geocoding/cloud-setup) and complete the setup instructions that follow. |\n| 2 | **Try a geocoding request** | Once you have an API key, you can start testing out the Geocoding API directly from curl or a browser. You'll need to supply the correct lookup parameters for address or component lookups. See [Geocoding parameters](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-geocoding#geocoding-lookup) for details. |\n| 3 | **Try a reverse geocoding request** | Supply latitude/longitude coordinates along with your API key to obtain address components for the closest human-readable address for that location. See [Reverse geocoding requests](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-reverse-geocoding#reverse-requests) for details. |\n| 4 | **Understand response basics** | All endpoints in the Geocoding API return the same data in either JSON or XML. See [Geocoding responses](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-geocoding#GeocodingResponses) for an explanation of the data, status codes, and error messages. |\n| 5 | **Incorporate geocoding data into your own app!** | You can use geocoding data to obtain addresses from map markers or to supply markers on a map based on a known address. |\n\nAvailable client libraries\n\nCall this API in the language of\nyour choice through one of the following client libraries:\n\n- [Java\n Client for Google Maps Services](https://github.com/googlemaps/google-maps-services-java)\n- [Python\n Client for Google Maps Services](https://github.com/googlemaps/google-maps-services-python)\n- [Go Client\n for Google Maps Services](https://github.com/googlemaps/google-maps-services-go)\n- [Node.js\n Client for Google Maps Services](https://github.com/googlemaps/google-maps-services-js)\n\nThe Java Client, Python Client, Go Client and Node.js Client for Google Maps\nServices are community-supported client libraries, open sourced under the\n[Apache 2.0 License](http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0).\nDownload them from GitHub, where you can also find installation instructions and sample code.\n\nWhat's next\n\n- **Start using the Geocoding API** : Go to [Set up your\n Google Cloud project](/maps/documentation/geocoding/cloud-setup).\n- **Get started with sample requests and responses** : Go to [Geocoding requests and responses](/maps/documentation/geocoding/requests-geocoding)\n- **Follow best practices** : Go to [Geocoding Addresses Best\n Practices](/maps/documentation/geocoding/best-practices)."]]
