什么是令牌？
对于从低信任环境进行的 API 方法调用，Fleet Engine 需要使用由相应服务账号签名的 JSON Web 令牌 (JWT)。低信任环境包括智能手机和浏览器。JWT 源自您的服务器，即完全受信任的环境。系统会对 JWT 进行签名和加密，然后将其传递给客户端以进行后续服务器互动，直到 JWT 过期或失效。
您的后端应使用标准的应用默认凭据机制针对 Fleet Engine 进行身份验证和授权。请务必使用由适当服务账号签名的 JWT。如需查看服务账号角色列表，请参阅车队引擎基础知识中的车队引擎服务账号角色。
相反，您的后端应使用标准应用默认凭据机制针对 Fleet Engine 进行身份验证和授权。
如需详细了解 JSON Web 令牌，请参阅 Fleet Engine 基础知识中的 JSON Web 令牌。
客户端如何获取令牌？
司机或消费者使用适当的身份验证凭据登录您的应用后，从该设备发出的任何更新都必须使用适当的授权令牌，这些令牌会将应用的权限传达给 Fleet Engine。
作为开发者，您的客户端实现应能够执行以下操作：
- 从您的服务器提取 JSON 网络令牌。
- 在令牌过期之前重复使用，以最大限度地减少令牌刷新。
- 在令牌过期时刷新。
GMTDAuthorization 协议会在位置信息更新时根据 GMTD AuthorizationContext 对象提取 JSON Web 令牌。SDK 必须将令牌与更新信息打包在一起，以便发送到车队引擎。在初始化 SDK 之前，请确保您的服务器端实现可以签发令牌。
如需详细了解 Fleet Engine 所需的令牌，请参阅 Fleet Engine 的签发 JSON Web 令牌。
providerID 与您的 Google Cloud 项目的项目 ID 相同。如需了解如何设置 Google Cloud 项目，请参阅创建 Fleet Engine 项目。
身份验证令牌提取程序示例
以下示例展示了 GMTDAuthorization 协议的实现。
Swift
import GoogleRidesharingDriver
private let providerURL = "INSERT_YOUR_TOKEN_PROVIDER_URL"
class SampleAccessTokenProvider: NSObject, GMTDAuthorization {
private struct AuthToken {
// The cached vehicle token.
let token: String
// Keep track of when the token expires for caching.
let expiration: TimeInterval
// Keep track of the vehicle ID the cached token is for.
let vehicleID: String
}
enum AccessTokenError: Error {
case missingAuthorizationContext
case missingData
}
private var authToken: AuthToken?
func fetchToken(
with authorizationContext: GMTDAuthorizationContext?,
completion: @escaping GMTDAuthTokenFetchCompletionHandler
) {
// Get the vehicle ID from the authorizationContext. This is set by the Driver SDK.
guard let authorizationContext = authorizationContext else {
completion(nil, AccessTokenError.missingAuthorizationContext)
return
}
let vehicleID = authorizationContext.vehicleID
// If appropriate, use the cached token.
if let authToken = authToken,
authToken.expiration > Date.now.timeIntervalSince1970 && authToken.vehicleID == vehicleID
{
completion(authToken.token, nil)
return
}
// Otherwise, try to fetch a new token from your server.
let request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: providerURL))
let task = URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request) { [weak self] data, _, error in
guard let strongSelf = self else { return }
guard error == nil else {
completion(nil, error)
return
}
// Replace the following key values with the appropriate keys based on your
// server's expected response.
let vehicleTokenKey = "VEHICLE_TOKEN_KEY"
let tokenExpirationKey = "TOKEN_EXPIRATION"
guard let data = data,
let fetchData = try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data) as? [String: Any],
let token = fetchData[vehicleTokenKey] as? String,
let expiration = fetchData[tokenExpirationKey] as? Double
else {
completion(nil, AccessTokenError.missingData)
return
}
strongSelf.authToken = AuthToken(
token: token, expiration: expiration, vehicleID: vehicleID)
completion(token, nil)
}
task.resume()
}
}
Objective-C
#import "SampleAccessTokenProvider.h"
#import <GoogleRidesharingDriver/GoogleRidesharingDriver.h>
// SampleAccessTokenProvider.h
@interface SampleAccessTokenProvider : NSObject<GMTDAuthorization>
@end
static NSString *const PROVIDER_URL = @"INSERT_YOUR_TOKEN_PROVIDER_URL";
// SampleAccessTokenProvider.m
@implementation SampleAccessTokenProvider{
// The cached vehicle token.
NSString *_cachedVehicleToken;
// Keep track of the vehicle ID the cached token is for.
NSString *_lastKnownVehicleID;
// Keep track of when tokens expire for caching.
NSTimeInterval _tokenExpiration;
}
- (void)fetchTokenWithContext:(nullable GMTDAuthorizationContext *)authorizationContext
completion:(nonnull GMTDAuthTokenFetchCompletionHandler)completion {
if (!completion) {
NSAssert(NO, @"%s encountered an unexpected nil completion.", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
return;
}
// Get the vehicle ID from the authorizationContext. This is set by the Driver SDK.
NSString *vehicleID = authorizationContext.vehicleID;
if (!vehicleID) {
NSAssert(NO, @"Vehicle ID is missing from authorizationContext.");
return;
}
// Clear cached vehicle token if vehicle ID has changed.
if (![_lastKnownVehicleID isEqual:vehicleID]) {
_tokenExpiration = 0.0;
_cachedVehicleToken = nil;
}
_lastKnownVehicleID = vehicleID;
// Clear cached vehicletoken if it has expired.
if ([[NSDate date] timeIntervalSince1970] > _tokenExpiration) {
_cachedVehicleToken = nil;
}
// If appropriate, use the cached token.
if (_cachedVehicleToken) {
completion(_cachedVehicleToken, nil);
return;
}
// Otherwise, try to fetch a new token from your server.
NSURL *requestURL = [NSURL URLWithString:PROVIDER_URL];
NSMutableURLRequest *request =
[[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:requestURL];
request.HTTPMethod = @"GET";
// Replace the following key values with the appropriate keys based on your
// server's expected response.
NSString *vehicleTokenKey = @"VEHICLE_TOKEN_KEY";
NSString *tokenExpirationKey = @"TOKEN_EXPIRATION";
__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
void (^handler)(NSData *_Nullable data, NSURLResponse *_Nullable response,
NSError *_Nullable error) =
^(NSData *_Nullable data, NSURLResponse *_Nullable response, NSError *_Nullable error) {
typeof(self) strongSelf = weakSelf;
if (error) {
completion(nil, error);
return;
}
NSError *JSONError;
NSMutableDictionary *JSONResponse =
[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:kNilOptions error:&JSONError];
if (JSONError) {
completion(nil, JSONError);
return;
} else {
// Sample code only. No validation logic.
id expirationData = JSONResponse[tokenExpirationKey];
if ([expirationData isKindOfClass:[NSNumber class]]) {
NSTimeInterval expirationTime = ((NSNumber *)expirationData).doubleValue;
strongSelf->_tokenExpiration = [[NSDate date] timeIntervalSince1970] + expirationTime;
}
strongSelf->_cachedVehicleToken = JSONResponse[vehicleTokenKey];
completion(JSONResponse[vehicleTokenKey], nil);
}
};
NSURLSessionConfiguration *config = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
NSURLSession *mainQueueURLSession =
[NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:config delegate:nil
delegateQueue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]];
NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [mainQueueURLSession dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:handler];
[task resume];
}
@end