获取授权令牌
使用集合让一切井井有条
根据您的偏好保存内容并对其进行分类。
Consumer SDK 使用 JSON 网络令牌提供授权。JSON Web 令牌 (JWT) 是一种授权令牌,可提供一项或多项服务声明。
Consumer SDK 使用应用提供的 JSON Web 令牌与 Fleet Engine 进行通信。如需详细了解 Fleet Engine 服务器所需的令牌,请参阅 JSON Web 令牌和签发 JSON Web 令牌。
授权令牌可用于访问以下 Fleet Engine 服务:
TripService
- 授予 Consumer SDK 对行程详情的访问权限,包括车辆位置、路线和预计到达时间。行程服务的授权令牌必须在令牌的 authorization
标头中包含 tripid:TRIP_ID
声明,其中 TRIP_ID
是正在分享的按需行程的行程 ID。
VehicleService
- 向 Consumer SDK 提供有关车辆大致位置的信息,以便显示车辆密度图层和估算上车点预计到达时间。由于 Consumer SDK 仅使用大致位置信息,因此车辆服务的授权令牌不需要 vehicleid
声明。
什么是令牌?
对于来自低信任环境(智能手机和浏览器)的 API 方法调用,Fleet Engine 要求使用 JSON Web 令牌 (JWT)。
JWT 源自您的服务器,经过签名和加密后传递给客户端,以供后续服务器交互使用,直到过期或不再有效为止。
关键细节
如需详细了解 JSON Web 令牌,请参阅 Fleet Engine 基础知识中的 JSON Web 令牌。
客户如何获取令牌?
司机或消费者使用相应的授权凭据登录您的应用后,从该设备发出的任何更新都必须使用相应的授权令牌,以便向 Fleet Engine 传达应用的权限。
作为开发者,您的客户端实现应提供以下功能:
- 从服务器获取 JSON Web 令牌。
- 重复使用令牌,直到其过期,以尽可能减少令牌刷新次数。
- 在令牌过期时刷新令牌。
AuthTokenFactory
类会在位置信息更新时生成授权令牌。SDK 必须将令牌与更新信息一起打包,然后发送到 Fleet Engine。在初始化 SDK 之前,请确保您的服务器端实现可以发放令牌。
如需详细了解 Fleet Engine 服务所需的令牌,请参阅为 Fleet Engine签发 JSON Web 令牌。
授权令牌提取器的示例
以下代码示例演示了如何实现授权令牌回调。
Java
class JsonAuthTokenFactory implements AuthTokenFactory {
private static final String TOKEN_URL =
"https://yourauthserver.example/token";
private static class CachedToken {
String tokenValue;
long expiryTimeMs;
String tripId;
}
private CachedToken token;
/*
* This method is called on a background thread. Blocking is OK. However, be
* aware that no information can be obtained from Fleet Engine until this
* method returns.
*/
@Override
public String getToken(AuthTokenContext context) {
// If there is no existing token or token has expired, go get a new one.
String tripId = context.getTripId();
if (tripId == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Trip ID is missing from AuthTokenContext");
}
if (token == null || System.currentTimeMillis() > token.expiryTimeMs ||
!tripId.equals(token.tripId)) {
token = fetchNewToken(tripId);
}
return token.tokenValue;
}
private static CachedToken fetchNewToken(String tripId) {
String url = TOKEN_URL + "/" + tripId;
CachedToken token = new CachedToken();
try (Reader r = new InputStreamReader(new URL(url).openStream())) {
com.google.gson.JsonObject obj
= com.google.gson.JsonParser.parseReader(r).getAsJsonObject();
token.tokenValue = obj.get("ServiceToken").getAsString();
token.expiryTimeMs = obj.get("TokenExpiryMs").getAsLong();
/*
* The expiry time could be an hour from now, but just to try and avoid
* passing expired tokens, we subtract 5 minutes from that time.
*/
token.expiryTimeMs -= 5 * 60 * 1000;
} catch (IOException e) {
/*
* It's OK to throw exceptions here. The error listeners will receive the
* error thrown here.
*/
throw new RuntimeException("Could not get auth token", e);
}
token.tripId = tripId;
return token;
}
}
Kotlin
class JsonAuthTokenFactory : AuthTokenFactory() {
private var token: CachedToken? = null
/*
* This method is called on a background thread. Blocking is OK. However, be
* aware that no information can be obtained from Fleet Engine until this
* method returns.
*/
override fun getToken(context: AuthTokenContext): String {
// If there is no existing token or token has expired, go get a new one.
val tripId =
context.getTripId() ?:
throw RuntimeException("Trip ID is missing from AuthTokenContext")
if (token == null || System.currentTimeMillis() > token.expiryTimeMs ||
tripId != token.tripId) {
token = fetchNewToken(tripId)
}
return token.tokenValue
}
class CachedToken(
var tokenValue: String? = "",
var expiryTimeMs: Long = 0,
var tripId: String? = "",
)
private companion object {
const val TOKEN_URL = "https://yourauthserver.example/token"
fun fetchNewToken(tripId: String) {
val url = "$TOKEN_URL/$tripId"
val token = CachedToken()
try {
val reader = InputStreamReader(URL(url).openStream())
reader.use {
val obj = com.google.gson.JsonParser.parseReader(r).getAsJsonObject()
token.tokenValue = obj.get("ServiceToken").getAsString()
token.expiryTimeMs = obj.get("TokenExpiryMs").getAsLong()
/*
* The expiry time could be an hour from now, but just to try and avoid
* passing expired tokens, we subtract 5 minutes from that time.
*/
token.expiryTimeMs -= 5 * 60 * 1000
}
} catch (e: IOException) {
/*
* It's OK to throw exceptions here. The error listeners will receive the
* error thrown here.
*/
throw RuntimeException("Could not get auth token", e)
}
token.tripId = tripId
return token
}
}
}
后续步骤
初始化 Consumer SDK
如未另行说明,那么本页面中的内容已根据知识共享署名 4.0 许可获得了许可,并且代码示例已根据 Apache 2.0 许可获得了许可。有关详情,请参阅 Google 开发者网站政策。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-08-31。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-08-31。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eThe Consumer SDK utilizes JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) for authorization to access trip and vehicle data within Fleet Engine.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eJWTs are generated by your backend server and passed to the client, granting access to specific Fleet Engine services like TripService and VehicleService.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eClient applications need to implement logic to fetch, reuse, and refresh these tokens to maintain ongoing access to Fleet Engine.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003e\u003ccode\u003eAuthTokenFactory\u003c/code\u003e is used to generate authorization tokens which must be included in requests sent to Fleet Engine.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eImplement a secure token fetching mechanism on your server to provide these tokens for the Consumer SDK.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["The Consumer SDK utilizes JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) for authorization with Fleet Engine. These JWTs, provided by your application, grant access to services like `TripService` (requiring a `tripid` claim) and `VehicleService`. Your client must fetch, reuse, and refresh JWTs from your server. The `AuthTokenFactory` class generates and packages these tokens with update information for Fleet Engine. Server-side implementation must issue tokens before SDK initialization, ensuring devices have proper authorization credentials for updates.\n"],null,["The Consumer SDK provides authorization using JSON Web Tokens. A JSON Web Token\n(JWT) is an authorization token that provides one or more claims on a service.\n\nThe Consumer SDK uses the JSON Web Token provided by the application to\ncommunicate with the Fleet Engine. For details of the tokens expected by the\nFleet Engine server, see [JSON Web Tokens](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/jwt)\nand [Issue JSON Web tokens](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/issue-jwt).\n\nThe authorization token provides access to the following Fleet Engine services:\n\n- **`TripService`** - Gives the Consumer SDK access to trip details, including\n vehicle position, route, and ETA. Authorization tokens for the trip service\n must include a `tripid:TRIP_ID` claim in the token's `authorization` header,\n where `TRIP_ID` is the trip ID of the on-demand trip being shared.\n\n- **`VehicleService`** - Gives the Consumer SDK information about the\n approximate vehicle location for displaying the vehicle density layer and\n estimating pickup point ETAs. Because the Consumer SDK uses only approximate\n locations, authorization tokens for the vehicle service don't require a\n `vehicleid` claim.\n\nWhat is a token?\n\nFleet Engine requires the use of **JSON Web Tokens** (JWTs) for API method calls\nfrom **low-trust environments**: smartphones and browsers.\n\nA JWT originates on your server, is signed, encrypted, and passed to the client\nfor subsequent server interactions until it expires or is no longer valid.\n\n**Key details**\n\n- Use [Application Default Credentials](https://google.aip.dev/auth/4110) to authenticate and authorize against Fleet Engine.\n- Use an appropriate service account to sign JWTs. See [Fleet Engine serviceaccount](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/service-accounts#fleet_engine_service_account_roles) roles in **Fleet Engine Basics**.\n\nFor more information about JSON Web Tokens, see [JSON Web Tokens](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/jwt) in\n**Fleet Engine Essentials**.\n\nHow do clients get tokens?\n\nOnce a driver or consumer logs in to your app using the appropriate\nauthorization credentials, any updates issued from that device must use\nappropriate authorization tokens, which communicates to Fleet Engine the\npermissions for the app.\n\nAs the developer, your client implementation should provide the ability to do\nthe following:\n\n- Fetch a JSON Web Token from your server.\n- Reuse the token until it expires to minimize token refreshes.\n- Refresh the token when it expires.\n\nThe `AuthTokenFactory` class generates authorization tokens at location update\ntime. The SDK must package the tokens with the update\ninformation to send to Fleet Engine. Make sure that your server-side\nimplementation can issue tokens before initializing the SDK.\n\nFor details of the tokens expected by the Fleet Engine service, see [Issue JSON\nWeb Tokens](/maps/documentation/mobility/fleet-engine/essentials/set-up-fleet/issue-jwt) for Fleet Engine.\n\nExample of an authorization token fetcher\n\nThe following code example demonstrates how to implement an authorization token\ncallback. \n\nJava \n\n class JsonAuthTokenFactory implements AuthTokenFactory {\n\n private static final String TOKEN_URL =\n \"https://yourauthserver.example/token\";\n\n private static class CachedToken {\n String tokenValue;\n long expiryTimeMs;\n String tripId;\n }\n\n private CachedToken token;\n\n /*\n\n * This method is called on a background thread. Blocking is OK. However, be\n * aware that no information can be obtained from Fleet Engine until this\n * method returns.\n */\n @Override\n public String getToken(AuthTokenContext context) {\n // If there is no existing token or token has expired, go get a new one.\n String tripId = context.getTripId();\n if (tripId == null) {\n throw new RuntimeException(\"Trip ID is missing from AuthTokenContext\");\n }\n if (token == null || System.currentTimeMillis() \u003e token.expiryTimeMs ||\n !tripId.equals(token.tripId)) {\n token = fetchNewToken(tripId);\n }\n return token.tokenValue;\n }\n\n private static CachedToken fetchNewToken(String tripId) {\n String url = TOKEN_URL + \"/\" + tripId;\n CachedToken token = new CachedToken();\n\n try (Reader r = new InputStreamReader(new URL(url).openStream())) {\n com.google.gson.JsonObject obj\n = com.google.gson.JsonParser.parseReader(r).getAsJsonObject();\n\n token.tokenValue = obj.get(\"ServiceToken\").getAsString();\n token.expiryTimeMs = obj.get(\"TokenExpiryMs\").getAsLong();\n\n /*\n\n * The expiry time could be an hour from now, but just to try and avoid\n * passing expired tokens, we subtract 5 minutes from that time.\n */\n token.expiryTimeMs -= 5 * 60 * 1000;\n } catch (IOException e) {\n /*\n * It's OK to throw exceptions here. The error listeners will receive the\n * error thrown here.\n */\n throw new RuntimeException(\"Could not get auth token\", e);\n }\n token.tripId = tripId;\n\n return token;\n }\n }\n\nKotlin \n\n class JsonAuthTokenFactory : AuthTokenFactory() {\n\n private var token: CachedToken? = null\n\n /*\n\n * This method is called on a background thread. Blocking is OK. However, be\n * aware that no information can be obtained from Fleet Engine until this\n * method returns.\n */\n override fun getToken(context: AuthTokenContext): String {\n // If there is no existing token or token has expired, go get a new one.\n val tripId =\n context.getTripId() ?:\n throw RuntimeException(\"Trip ID is missing from AuthTokenContext\")\n\n if (token == null || System.currentTimeMillis() \u003e token.expiryTimeMs ||\n tripId != token.tripId) {\n token = fetchNewToken(tripId)\n }\n\n return token.tokenValue\n }\n\n class CachedToken(\n var tokenValue: String? = \"\",\n var expiryTimeMs: Long = 0,\n var tripId: String? = \"\",\n )\n\n private companion object {\n const val TOKEN_URL = \"https://yourauthserver.example/token\"\n\n fun fetchNewToken(tripId: String) {\n val url = \"$TOKEN_URL/$tripId\"\n val token = CachedToken()\n\n try {\n val reader = InputStreamReader(URL(url).openStream())\n\n reader.use {\n val obj = com.google.gson.JsonParser.parseReader(r).getAsJsonObject()\n\n token.tokenValue = obj.get(\"ServiceToken\").getAsString()\n token.expiryTimeMs = obj.get(\"TokenExpiryMs\").getAsLong()\n\n /*\n\n * The expiry time could be an hour from now, but just to try and avoid\n * passing expired tokens, we subtract 5 minutes from that time.\n */\n token.expiryTimeMs -= 5 * 60 * 1000\n }\n } catch (e: IOException) {\n /*\n * It's OK to throw exceptions here. The error listeners will receive the\n * error thrown here.\n */\n throw RuntimeException(\"Could not get auth token\", e)\n }\n\n token.tripId = tripId\n\n return token\n }\n }\n }\n\nWhat's next\n\n[Initialize the Consumer SDK](/maps/documentation/mobility/journey-sharing/on-demand/android/init-sdk)"]]