以檔案附件的形式上傳媒體
透過集合功能整理內容
你可以依據偏好儲存及分類內容。
本指南說明如何使用 Google Chat API 的 Media
資源上的 upload
方法,將媒體 (檔案) 上傳至 Google Chat,然後附加至訊息。
使用者傳送訊息給應用程式時,Google Chat 會傳送MESSAGE
互動事件。
應用程式收到的互動事件包含要求內文,也就是代表互動事件的 JSON 酬載,包括任何附件。附件中的資料會因附件是上傳內容 (本機檔案) 或儲存在雲端硬碟中的檔案而異。Media
資源代表上傳至 Google Chat 的檔案,例如圖片、影片和文件。Attachment
資源代表附加至訊息的媒體 (檔案) 執行個體。Attachment
資源包含附件的中繼資料,例如儲存位置。
必要條件
上傳為檔案附件
如要上傳媒體並附加至訊息,請在要求中傳遞下列內容:
- 指定
chat.messages.create
或 chat.messages
授權範圍。
- 呼叫下列 Google Chat 方法:
- 如要上傳檔案,請在
Media
資源上呼叫 upload
方法。
- 將
parent
設為檔案所在聊天室的名稱。
- 在
body
(要求主體) 中,將 filename
設為上傳的檔案附件名稱。
- 將
media_body
設為要上傳檔案的執行個體。
- 如要建立附有上傳檔案的訊息,請在
Messages
資源上呼叫 create
方法。
以下範例會上傳 PNG 圖片檔,並附加至郵件。
Python
- 在工作目錄中,建立名為
chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py
的檔案。
在 chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py
中加入下列程式碼:
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.http import MediaFileUpload
# Define your app's authorization scopes.
# When modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json, if it exists.
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/chat.messages.create"]
def main():
'''
Authenticates with Chat API via user credentials,
then uploads a file as media, creates a message, and
attaches the file to the message.
'''
# Authenticate with Google Workspace
# and get user authorization.
flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
'credentials.json', SCOPES)
creds = flow.run_local_server()
# Build a service endpoint for Chat API.
service = build('chat', 'v1', credentials=creds)
# Upload a file to Google Chat.
media = MediaFileUpload('test_image.png', mimetype='image/png')
# Create a message and attach the uploaded file to it.
attachment_uploaded = service.media().upload(
# The space to upload the attachment in.
#
# Replace SPACE with a space name.
# Obtain the space name from the spaces resource of Chat API,
# or from a space's URL.
parent='spaces/SPACE',
# The filename of the attachment, including the file extension.
body={'filename': 'test_image.png'},
# Media resource of the attachment.
media_body=media
).execute()
print(attachment_uploaded)
# Create a Chat message with attachment.
result = service.spaces().messages().create(
# The space to create the message in.
#
# Replace SPACE with a space name.
# Obtain the space name from the spaces resource of Chat API,
# or from a space's URL.
#
# Must match the space name that the attachment is uploaded to.
parent='spaces/SPACE',
# The message to create.
body={
'text': 'Hello, world!',
'attachment': [attachment_uploaded]
}
).execute()
print(result)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
在程式碼中,將 SPACE
換成要上傳附件的空間名稱,您可以透過 Chat API 中的 spaces.list
方法或空間網址取得該名稱。
在工作目錄中,建構並執行範例:
python3 chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py
Chat API 會傳回包含 attachmentDataRef
的回覆內容,其中含有上傳檔案的詳細資料。
限制和注意事項
準備上傳檔案並附加至郵件時,請注意下列限制和考量事項:
除非另有註明,否則本頁面中的內容是採用創用 CC 姓名標示 4.0 授權,程式碼範例則為阿帕契 2.0 授權。詳情請參閱《Google Developers 網站政策》。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其關聯企業的註冊商標。
上次更新時間:2025-08-04 (世界標準時間)。
[null,null,["上次更新時間:2025-08-04 (世界標準時間)。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis guide demonstrates how to upload a file to Google Chat and attach it to a message using the \u003ccode\u003eupload\u003c/code\u003e method of the \u003ccode\u003eMedia\u003c/code\u003e resource and the \u003ccode\u003ecreate\u003c/code\u003e method of the \u003ccode\u003eMessages\u003c/code\u003e resource.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eYou'll need a Google Workspace account, a Google Cloud project, and the Google Chat API enabled to follow the steps outlined in this guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe provided Python code sample requires specific authorization scopes and utilizes the Google API Client Library for interaction with the Chat API.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eFile uploads are limited to 200 MB and certain file types are blocked; messages with attachments cannot include accessory widgets.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["To upload and attach a file to a Google Chat message using the Chat API, first, call the `upload` method on the `Media` resource. Set the space name as the `parent`, the file name, and `media_body` with the file instance. Then, use the `create` method on the `Messages` resource to send a message, including the `attachment` field, set as the response from the `upload` method. File size should not exceed 200MB and some file types are not supported.\n"],null,["# Upload media as a file attachment\n\nThis guide explains how to use the `upload` method on the `Media` resource of\nthe Google Chat API to upload media (a file) to Google Chat and then attach it to\na message.\n\nWhen the user sends a message to your app, Google Chat dispatches a\n[`MESSAGE` interaction event](/workspace/chat/events#message).\nThe interaction event received by your app includes a request body, which is the\nJSON payload representing the interaction event, including any attachments. The\ndata in the attachment is different depending on whether the attachment is\nuploaded content (a local file) or is a file stored on Drive. The\n[`Media` resource](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media)\nrepresents a file uploaded to Google Chat, like images, videos, and documents.\nThe\n[`Attachment` resource](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces.messages.attachments)\nrepresents an instance of media---a file---attached to a message. The `Attachment`\nresource includes the metadata about the attachment, such as\nwhere it's saved.\n\nPrerequisites\n-------------\n\n\n### Python\n\n- A Business or Enterprise [Google Workspace](https://support.google.com/a/answer/6043576) account with access to [Google Chat](https://workspace.google.com/products/chat/).\n\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\n- Set up your environment:\n - [Create a Google Cloud project](/workspace/guides/create-project).\n - [Configure the OAuth consent screen](/workspace/guides/configure-oauth-consent).\n - [Enable and configure the Google Chat API](/workspace/chat/configure-chat-api) with a name, icon, and description for your Chat app.\n - Install the Python [Google API Client Library](/workspace/chat/libraries?tab=python#google-api-client-libraries).\n - [Create OAuth client ID credentials](/workspace/chat/authenticate-authorize-chat-user#step-2:) for a desktop application. To run the sample in this guide, save the credentials as a JSON file named `credentials.json` to your local directory.\n- [Choose an authorization scope](/workspace/chat/authenticate-authorize#asynchronous-chat-calls) that supports user authentication.\n\nUpload as a file attachment\n---------------------------\n\nTo upload media and attach it to a message, pass the following in your\nrequest::\n\n- Specify the `chat.messages.create` or `chat.messages` authorization scope.\n- Call the following Google Chat methods:\n 1. To upload the file, call the [`upload` method](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media/upload) on the [`Media`](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media) resource.\n - Set `parent` to the space name of the space that hosts the file.\n - In `body` (the request body), set `filename` to the name of the uploaded file attachment.\n - Set `media_body` as an instance of the file to be uploaded.\n 2. To create a message with the uploaded file attached, call the [`create` method](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces.messages/create) on the [`Messages` resource](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces.messages).\n - Set `attachment` as the response from calling the [`upload` method](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media/upload) on the [`Media` resource](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media). The `attachment` field accepts a list.\n\nThe following example uploads a PNG image file and attaches it to a message. \n\n### Python\n\n1. In your working directory, create a file named `chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py`.\n2. Include the following code in `chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py`:\n\n from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow\n from googleapiclient.discovery import build\n from googleapiclient.http import MediaFileUpload\n\n # Define your app's authorization scopes.\n # When modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json, if it exists.\n SCOPES = [\"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/chat.messages.create\"]\n\n def main():\n '''\n Authenticates with Chat API via user credentials,\n then uploads a file as media, creates a message, and\n attaches the file to the message.\n '''\n\n # Authenticate with Google Workspace\n # and get user authorization.\n flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(\n 'credentials.json', SCOPES)\n creds = flow.run_local_server()\n\n # Build a service endpoint for Chat API.\n service = build('chat', 'v1', credentials=creds)\n\n # Upload a file to Google Chat.\n media = MediaFileUpload('test_image.png', mimetype='image/png')\n\n # Create a message and attach the uploaded file to it.\n attachment_uploaded = service.media().upload(\n\n # The space to upload the attachment in.\n #\n # Replace SPACE with a space name.\n # Obtain the space name from the spaces resource of Chat API,\n # or from a space's URL.\n parent='spaces/\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eSPACE\u003c/var\u003e',\n\n # The filename of the attachment, including the file extension.\n body={'filename': 'test_image.png'},\n\n # Media resource of the attachment.\n media_body=media\n\n ).execute()\n\n print(attachment_uploaded)\n\n # Create a Chat message with attachment.\n result = service.spaces().messages().create(\n\n # The space to create the message in.\n #\n # Replace SPACE with a space name.\n # Obtain the space name from the spaces resource of Chat API,\n # or from a space's URL.\n #\n # Must match the space name that the attachment is uploaded to.\n parent='spaces/\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eSPACE\u003c/var\u003e',\n\n # The message to create.\n body={\n 'text': 'Hello, world!',\n 'attachment': [attachment_uploaded]\n }\n\n ).execute()\n\n print(result)\n\n if __name__ == '__main__':\n main()\n\n3. In the code, replace \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eSPACE\u003c/var\u003e with the space name to\n upload the attachment in, which you can obtain from the\n [`spaces.list` method](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces/list)\n in the Chat API, or from a space's URL.\n\n4. In your working directory, build and run the sample:\n\n python3 chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py\n\nThe Chat API returns a response body containing\n`attachmentDataRef` with details about the uploaded file.\n\nLimits and considerations\n-------------------------\n\nAs you prepare to upload files and attach them to messages, take note of these\nlimits and considerations:\n\n- You can upload file sizes up to 200 MB.\n- Some file types aren't supported, and can't be uploaded. For details, see [File types blocked in Google Chat](https://support.google.com/chat/answer/7651457?&co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop#File%20types%20blocked%20in%20Google%20Chat).\n- Your message must omit [accessory widgets](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces.messages#Message.FIELDS.accessory_widgets).\n\nRelated topics\n--------------\n\n- [Download media as a file attachment](/workspace/chat/download-media-attachments)\n- [Get metadata about a message attachment](/workspace/chat/get-media-attachments)"]]