Panduan memulai Python
Tetap teratur dengan koleksi
Simpan dan kategorikan konten berdasarkan preferensi Anda.
Panduan memulai menjelaskan cara menyiapkan dan menjalankan aplikasi yang memanggil Google Workspace API. Panduan memulai ini menggunakan pendekatan autentikasi yang disederhanakan yang sesuai untuk lingkungan pengujian. Untuk lingkungan produksi, sebaiknya pelajari
autentikasi dan otorisasi
sebelum
memilih kredensial akses
yang sesuai untuk aplikasi Anda.
Buat aplikasi command line Python yang membuat permintaan ke
Drive Labels API.
Tujuan
- Siapkan lingkungan Anda.
- Instal library klien
- Siapkan contoh.
- Jalankan contoh.
Prasyarat
Menyiapkan lingkungan Anda
Untuk menyelesaikan panduan memulai ini, siapkan lingkungan Anda.
Mengaktifkan API
Sebelum menggunakan Google API, Anda harus mengaktifkannya di project Google Cloud.
Anda dapat mengaktifkan satu atau beberapa API dalam satu project Google Cloud.
Mengizinkan kredensial untuk aplikasi desktop
Untuk mengautentikasi pengguna akhir dan mengakses data pengguna di aplikasi Anda, Anda perlu membuat satu atau beberapa ID Klien OAuth 2.0. Client ID digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi
aplikasi tunggal ke server OAuth Google. Jika aplikasi Anda berjalan di beberapa platform, Anda harus membuat client ID terpisah untuk setiap platform.
-
Di Konsol Google Cloud, buka Menu menu
> Google Auth platform
> Clients.
Buka Klien
- Klik Buat Klien.
- Klik Jenis aplikasi > Aplikasi desktop.
- Di kolom Name, ketik nama untuk kredensial. Nama ini hanya ditampilkan di konsol Google Cloud.
- Klik Buat.
Kredensial yang baru dibuat akan muncul di bagian "Client ID OAuth 2.0".
- Simpan file JSON yang didownload sebagai
credentials.json, dan pindahkan
file ke direktori kerja Anda.
Instal library klien Google
Untuk opsi penginstalan alternatif, lihat bagian Penginstalan library Python.
- Di direktori kerja Anda, buat file bernama
quickstart.py.
Sertakan kode berikut di quickstart.py:
import os.path
from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError
# If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.labels.readonly']
def main():
"""Shows basic usage of the Drive Labels API.
Prints the first page of the customer's Labels.
"""
creds = None
# The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
# created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
# time.
if os.path.exists('token.json'):
creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file('token.json', SCOPES)
# If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.
if not creds or not creds.valid:
if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
creds.refresh(Request())
else:
flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file('credentials.json',
SCOPES)
creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)
# Save the credentials for the next run
with open('token.json', 'w') as token:
token.write(creds.to_json())
try:
service = build('drivelabels', 'v2', credentials=creds)
response = service.labels().list(
view='LABEL_VIEW_FULL').execute()
labels = response['labels']
if not labels:
print('No Labels')
else:
for label in labels:
name = label['name']
title = label['properties']['title']
print(u'{0}:\t{1}'.format(name, title))
except HttpError as error:
# TODO (developer) - Handle errors from Labels API.
print(f'An error occurred: {error}')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Menjalankan contoh
Di direktori kerja Anda, buat dan jalankan contoh:
python quickstart.py
Saat pertama kali dijalankan, contoh aplikasi meminta Anda untuk mengotorisasi akses:
- Jika belum login ke Akun Google, Anda akan diminta login. Jika Anda login ke beberapa akun, pilih satu akun yang akan digunakan untuk otorisasi.
- Klik Setuju.
Informasi otorisasi disimpan dalam sistem file, sehingga saat Anda menjalankan kode contoh lagi, Anda tidak akan diminta otorisasi.
Anda telah berhasil membuat aplikasi Python pertama yang membuat permintaan ke
Drive Labels API.
Langkah berikutnya
Kecuali dinyatakan lain, konten di halaman ini dilisensikan berdasarkan Lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0, sedangkan contoh kode dilisensikan berdasarkan Lisensi Apache 2.0. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat Kebijakan Situs Google Developers. Java adalah merek dagang terdaftar dari Oracle dan/atau afiliasinya.
Terakhir diperbarui pada 2025-08-29 UTC.
[null,null,["Terakhir diperbarui pada 2025-08-29 UTC."],[],[],null,["Quickstarts explain how to set up and run an app that calls a\nGoogle Workspace API. This quickstart uses a\nsimplified authentication approach that is appropriate for a testing\nenvironment. For a production environment, we recommend learning about\n[authentication and authorization](/workspace/guides/auth-overview)\nbefore\n[choosing the access credentials](/workspace/guides/create-credentials#choose_the_access_credential_that_is_right_for_you)\nthat are appropriate for your app.\n\nCreate a Python command-line application that makes requests to the\nDrive Labels API.\n\nObjectives\n\n- Set up your environment.\n- Install the client library.\n- Set up the sample.\n- Run the sample.\n\nPrerequisites\n\n- Python 2.6 or greater\n- The [pip](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip) package management tool\n- [A Google Cloud project](/workspace/guides/create-project).\n\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\n- A Google Account.\n\nSet up your environment\n\nTo complete this quickstart, set up your environment.\n\nEnable the API Before using Google APIs, you need to turn them on in a Google Cloud project. You can turn on one or more APIs in a single Google Cloud project.\n\n- In the Google Cloud console, enable the Drive Labels API.\n\n [Enable the API](https://console.cloud.google.com/flows/enableapi?apiid=drivelabels.googleapis.com)\n\nAuthorize credentials for a desktop application To authenticate end users and access user data in your app, you need to create one or more OAuth 2.0 Client IDs. A client ID is used to identify a single app to Google's OAuth servers. If your app runs on multiple platforms, you must create a separate client ID for each platform.\n\n1. In the Google Cloud console, go to Menu menu \\\u003e **Google Auth platform** \\\u003e **Clients** .\n\n [Go to Clients](https://console.cloud.google.com/auth/clients)\n2. Click **Create Client**.\n3. Click **Application type** \\\u003e **Desktop app**.\n4. In the **Name** field, type a name for the credential. This name is only shown in the Google Cloud console.\n5. Click **Create** .\n\n\n The newly created credential appears under \"OAuth 2.0 Client IDs.\"\n6. Save the downloaded JSON file as `credentials.json`, and move the file to your working directory.\n\nInstall the Google client library\n\n- Install the Google client library for Python:\n\n pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client google-auth-httplib2 google-auth-oauthlib\n\nFor alternate installation options, refer to the Python library's\n[Installation section](/api-client-library/python/start/installation#installation).\n\nConfigure the sample\n\n1. In your working directory, create a file named `quickstart.py`.\n2. Include the following code in `quickstart.py`:\n\n import os.path\n\n from google.auth.transport.requests import Request\n from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials\n from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow\n from googleapiclient.discovery import build\n from googleapiclient.errors import HttpError\n\n # If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json.\n SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.labels.readonly']\n\n def main():\n \"\"\"Shows basic usage of the Drive Labels API.\n\n Prints the first page of the customer's Labels.\n \"\"\"\n creds = None\n # The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is\n # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first\n # time.\n if os.path.exists('token.json'):\n creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file('token.json', SCOPES)\n # If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.\n if not creds or not creds.valid:\n if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:\n creds.refresh(Request())\n else:\n flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file('credentials.json',\n SCOPES)\n creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)\n # Save the credentials for the next run\n with open('token.json', 'w') as token:\n token.write(creds.to_json())\n try:\n service = build('drivelabels', 'v2', credentials=creds)\n response = service.labels().list(\n view='LABEL_VIEW_FULL').execute()\n labels = response['labels']\n\n if not labels:\n print('No Labels')\n else:\n for label in labels:\n name = label['name']\n title = label['properties']['title']\n print(u'{0}:\\t{1}'.format(name, title))\n except HttpError as error:\n # TODO (developer) - Handle errors from Labels API.\n print(f'An error occurred: {error}')\n\n if __name__ == '__main__':\n main()\n\nRun the sample\n\n1. In your working directory, build and run the sample:\n\n python quickstart.py\n\n2. The first time you run the sample, it prompts you to authorize access:\n\n 1. If you're not already signed in to your Google Account, you're prompted to sign in. If you're signed in to multiple accounts, select one account to use for authorization.\n 2. Click **Accept**.\n\n Authorization information is stored in the file system, so the next time you\n run the sample code, you aren't prompted for authorization.\n\nYou have successfully created your first Python application that makes requests to\nthe Drive Labels API.\n\nNext steps\n\n- [Troubleshoot authentication and authorization issues](/workspace/drive/labels/troubleshoot-authentication-authorization)\n- [Google APIs Client for Python documentation](/api-client-library/python)"]]
