フォームの回答者を公開、管理する

このページでは、フォームに関する次のタスクを行う方法について説明します。

  • 回答者がアクセスできるようにフォームを公開する
  • フォームの回答者を確認する
  • フォームをより多くの回答者と共有する
  • フォームから回答者を削除する
  • フォームで [リンクを知っている全員] からの回答を受け付けているかどうかを確認する
  • フォームを閉じる
  • フォームの公開を停止する
  • フォームの回答の受け付けを停止する
  • フォームが以前のフォームかどうかを確認する

始める前に

このページのタスクに進む前に、次のタスクを行います。

回答者がアクセスできるようにフォームを公開する

既存のフォームを公開するには、forms.setPublishSettings メソッドを使用します。

REST

リクエストの本文の例

{
  "publishSettings": {
    "isPublished": true,
    "isAcceptingResponses": true
  }
}

Apps Script

/**
 * Publishes a Google Form using its URL.
 */
function publishMyForm() {
  // Replace with the URL of your Google Form
  const formUrl = 'https://docs.google.com/forms/d/YOUR_FORM_ID/edit';

  try {
    const form = FormApp.openByUrl(formUrl);

    // Publish the form. This also enables accepting responses.
    form.setPublished(true);
    Logger.log(`Form "${form.getTitle()}" published successfully.`);

    // Optional: Verify the state
    if (form.isPublished()) {
      Logger.log('Form is now published.');
    }
    if (form.isAcceptingResponses()) {
      Logger.log('Form is now accepting responses.')
    }

  } catch (error) {
    Logger.log(`Error publishing form: ${error}`);
  }
}

Python

forms/snippets/publish_form.py
import os.path

from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build


# If modifying these SCOPES, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body"]
DISCOVERY_DOC = "https://forms.googleapis.com/$discovery/rest?version=v1"
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = "client_secrets.json"
TOKEN_FILE = "token.json"

# TODO: Replace with your Form ID
YOUR_FORM_ID = "YOUR_FORM_ID"


def get_credentials():
  """Gets the credentials for the user."""
  creds = None
  if os.path.exists(TOKEN_FILE):
    creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(TOKEN_FILE, SCOPES)
  if not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
      creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
      flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
          CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES
      )
      creds = flow.run_local_server(port=8080)
    with open(TOKEN_FILE, "w") as token:
      token.write(creds.to_json())
  return creds


def publish_form():
  """Publishes the form."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  form_service = build(
      "forms",
      "v1",
      credentials=creds,
      discoveryServiceUrl=DISCOVERY_DOC,
      static_discovery=False,
  )

  # Request body for updating publish settings
  set_publish_settings_request = {
      "publishSettings": {
          "publishState": {"isPublished": True, "isAcceptingResponses": True}
      },
  }

  try:
    response = (
        form_service.forms()
        .setPublishSettings(
            formId=YOUR_FORM_ID, body=set_publish_settings_request
        )
        .execute()
    )
    print(f"Form {YOUR_FORM_ID} publish settings updated: {response}")
  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
  publish_form()

Node.js

forms/snippets/publish_form.js
import path from 'node:path';
import {authenticate} from '@google-cloud/local-auth';
import {forms} from '@googleapis/forms';

const CREDENTIALS_PATH = path.join(__dirname, 'credentials.json');
const SCOPES = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body';

/**
 * Publishes a Google Form.
 *
 * @param {string} formIdToPublish The ID of the form to publish.
 */
async function publishForm(formIdToPublish) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Forms API client.
  const formsClient = forms({
    version: 'v1',
    auth: authClient,
  });

  // The request body to publish the form and start accepting responses.
  const setPublishSettingsRequest = {
    publishSettings: {
      publishState: {
        isPublished: true,
        isAcceptingResponses: true,
      },
    },
  };

  try {
    // Send the request to update the form's publish settings.
    const result = await formsClient.forms.setPublishSettings({
      formId: formIdToPublish,
      requestBody: setPublishSettingsRequest,
    });
    console.log('Form publish settings updated:', result.data);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('Error setting publish settings:', err);
  }
}

フォームの回答者を確認する

Form.getPublishedReaders() を使用すると、回答者アクセス権（PUBLISHED_READER ロール）を持つすべてのユーザーのリストを取得できます。このメソッドは、ユーザー オブジェクトの配列を返します。

REST

リクエスト URL にクエリ パラメータ includePermissionsForView=published を追加します。

Apps Script

/**
 * Gets and logs the email addresses of all responders for a form.
 */
function listResponders() {
  // Replace with the URL of your Google Form
  const formUrl = 'https://docs.google.com/forms/d/YOUR_FORM_ID/edit';

  try {
    const form = FormApp.openByUrl(formUrl);

    // Get the array of User objects representing responders
    const responders = form.getPublishedReaders();

    // Log the responders
    Logger.log("Following can respond to the form");
    responders.forEach(responder => Logger.log(responder.getEmail()));

    return responders;

  } catch (error) {
    Logger.log(`Error getting responders: ${error}`);
  }
}

Python

forms/snippets/get_responders.py
import os.path

from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build


# If modifying these SCOPES, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.metadata.readonly"]
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = "client_secrets.json"
TOKEN_FILE = "token.json"

# TODO: Replace with your Form ID
YOUR_FORM_ID = "YOUR_FORM_ID"


def get_credentials():
  """Gets the credentials for the user."""
  creds = None
  if os.path.exists(TOKEN_FILE):
    creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(TOKEN_FILE, SCOPES)
  if not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
      creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
      flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
          CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES
      )
      creds = flow.run_local_server(port=8080)
    with open(TOKEN_FILE, "w") as token:
      token.write(creds.to_json())
  return creds


def get_responders():
  """Gets the responders for the form."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  drive_service = build("drive", "v3", credentials=creds)

  try:
    response = (
        drive_service.permissions()
        .list(
            fileId=YOUR_FORM_ID,
            fields="permissions(id,emailAddress,type,role,view)",
            includePermissionsForView="published",
        )
        .execute()
    )

    published_readers = []
    for permission in response.get("permissions", []):
      # 'view': 'published' indicates it's related to the published link.
      # 'role': 'reader' is standard for responders.
      # 'type': 'user' for specific users, 'anyone' for public.
      if (
          permission.get("view") == "published"
          and permission.get("role") == "reader"
      ):
        published_readers.append(permission)

    if published_readers:
      print("Responders for this form:")
      print(published_readers)
    else:
      print("No specific published readers found for this form.")

  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
  get_responders()

Node.js

forms/snippets/get_responders.js
import path from 'node:path';
import {authenticate} from '@google-cloud/local-auth';
import {drive} from '@googleapis/drive';

const CREDENTIALS_PATH = path.join(__dirname, 'credentials.json');
const SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.metadata.readonly'];

/**
 * Gets the responders of a form.
 * This is done by listing the permissions of the form in Google Drive.
 *
 * @param {string} formId The ID of the form.
 */
async function getResponders(formId) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Drive API client.
  const driveService = drive({version: 'v3', auth: authClient});

  try {
    // List the permissions for the form.
    const result = await driveService.permissions.list({
      fileId: formId,
      includePermissionsForView: 'published',
      fields: 'permissions(id,emailAddress,type,role,view)',
    });

    const permissions = result.data.permissions || [];
    if (permissions.length === 0) {
      console.log(`No permissions found for form ID: ${formId}`);
    } else {
      console.log('Responders for this form:');
      // A responder is a permission with view='published' and role='reader'.
      for (const permission of permissions) {
        if (permission.view === 'published' && permission.role === 'reader') {
          console.log(`Responder:`, permission);
        }
      }
    }
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('Error getting responders :', err);
  }
}

フォームをより多くの回答者と共有する

回答者がフォームを開いて回答できるように、フォームに回答者を追加するには、ドライブの permissions.create メソッドを使用します。

  • フォーム ID とアクセス設定を指定して permissions.create メソッドを呼び出します。

REST

リクエストの本文の例

{
  "view": "published",
  "role": "reader",
  "type": "user",
  "emailAddress": "user@example.com"
}

Apps Script

/**
 * Adds a single responder to a form using their email address.
*/
function `addSingleResponderByEmail()` {
// Replace with the URL of your Google Form
  const formUrl = 'https://docs.google.com/forms/d/YOUR_FORM_ID/edit';
  // Replace with the responder's email address
  const responderEmail = 'responder@example.com';

  try {
    const form = FormApp.openByUrl(formUrl);

    // Add the user as a responder
    form.addPublishedReader(responderEmail);
    Logger.log(`Added ${responderEmail} as a responder to form "${
        form.getTitle()}".`);

  } catch (error) {
    Logger.log(`Error adding responder: ${error}`);
  }
}

Python

forms/snippets/add_responder.py
import os.path

from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build


# If modifying these SCOPES, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file"]
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = "client_secrets.json"
TOKEN_FILE = "token.json"

# TODO: Replace with your Form ID and responder's email
YOUR_FORM_ID = "YOUR_FORM_ID"
YOUR_RESPONDER_EMAIL = "user@example.com"


def get_credentials():
  """Gets the credentials for the user."""
  creds = None
  if os.path.exists(TOKEN_FILE):
    creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(TOKEN_FILE, SCOPES)
  if not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
      creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
      flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
          CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES
      )
      creds = flow.run_local_server(port=8080)
    with open(TOKEN_FILE, "w") as token:
      token.write(creds.to_json())
  return creds


def add_responder():
  """Adds the responder to the form."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  drive_service = build("drive", "v3", credentials=creds)

  permission_body = {
      "view": "published",
      "role": "reader",
      "type": "user",
      "emailAddress": YOUR_RESPONDER_EMAIL,
  }

  try:
    response = (
        drive_service.permissions()
        .create(
            fileId=YOUR_FORM_ID,
            body=permission_body,
            sendNotificationEmail=False,  # Optional: to avoid sending an email
        )
        .execute()
    )
    print(
        f"Added responder {YOUR_RESPONDER_EMAIL}. Permission ID:"
        f" {response.get('id')}"
    )
    print(response)
  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
  add_responder()

Node.js

forms/snippets/add_responder.js
import path from 'node:path';
import {authenticate} from '@google-cloud/local-auth';
import {drive} from '@googleapis/drive';

const CREDENTIALS_PATH = path.join(__dirname, 'credentials.json');
const SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file'];

/**
 * Adds a responder to a form.
 * This is done by adding a permission to the form in Google Drive.
 *
 * @param {string} formId The ID of the form.
 * @param {string} email The email of the responder to add.
 */
async function addResponder(formId, email) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Drive API client.
  const driveService = drive({version: 'v3', auth: authClient});

  // The permission body to add a responder.
  const permissionBody = {
    role: 'reader',
    type: 'user',
    emailAddress: email,
    view: 'published',
  };

  try {
    // Create the permission.
    const result = await driveService.permissions.create({
      fileId: formId,
      requestBody: permissionBody,
      fields: 'id,emailAddress,role,type,view',
      sendNotificationEmail: false, // Optional: whether to send a notification email.
    });
    console.log('Responder added:', result.data);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('Error adding responder:', err);
  }
}

フォームから回答者を削除する

回答者を削除するには、メールアドレスまたは User オブジェクトを使用します。回答者を削除すると、ドメイン共有や共有ドライブへのアクセスなど、他の方法でアクセスできる場合を除き、回答者はフォームの閲覧や送信ができなくなります。

メールアドレスで 1 人の回答者を削除する

REST

DELETE https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files/{fileId}/permissions/PERMISSION

permissionID は、前述の「回答者の一覧表示」で説明したように確認できます。

Apps Script

/**
 * Removes a single responder from a form using their email address.
*/
function `removeSingleResponderByEmail()` {
  // Replace with the URL of your Google Form
  const formUrl = 'https://docs.google.com/forms/d/YOUR_FORM_ID/edit';
  // Replace with the responder's email address to remove
  const responderEmailToRemove = 'responder-to-remove@example.com';

  try {
    const form = FormApp.openByUrl(formUrl);

    // Remove the user as a responder
    form.removePublishedReader(responderEmailToRemove);
    Logger.log(`Removed ${responderEmailToRemove} as a responder from form "${
        form.getTitle()}".`);

  } catch (error) {
    Logger.log(`Error removing responder: ${error}`);
  }
}

Python

forms/snippets/remove_responder.py
import os.path

from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build


# If modifying these SCOPES, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file"]
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = "client_secrets.json"
TOKEN_FILE = "token.json"

# TODO: Replace with your Form ID and responder's email
YOUR_FORM_ID = "YOUR_FORM_ID"
YOUR_RESPONDER_EMAIL = "user@example.com"


def get_credentials():
  """Gets the credentials for the user."""
  creds = None
  if os.path.exists(TOKEN_FILE):
    creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(TOKEN_FILE, SCOPES)
  if not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
      creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
      flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
          CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES
      )
      creds = flow.run_local_server(port=8080)
    with open(TOKEN_FILE, "w") as token:
      token.write(creds.to_json())
  return creds


def remove_responder():
  """Removes the responder for the form."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  drive_service = build("drive", "v3", credentials=creds)

  try:
    # First, find the permission ID for the user
    permissions_result = (
        drive_service.permissions()
        .list(
            fileId=YOUR_FORM_ID,
            fields="permissions(id,emailAddress,role,view,type)",
            includePermissionsForView="published",
        )
        .execute()
    )

    permission_id_to_delete = None
    for p in permissions_result.get("permissions", []):
      if (
          p.get("emailAddress") == YOUR_RESPONDER_EMAIL
          and p.get("role") == "reader"
          and p.get("view") == "published"
          and p.get("type") == "user"
      ):
        permission_id_to_delete = p.get("id")
        break

    if permission_id_to_delete:
      drive_service.permissions().delete(
          fileId=YOUR_FORM_ID, permissionId=permission_id_to_delete
      ).execute()
      print(
          f"Successfully removed responder {YOUR_RESPONDER_EMAIL} (Permission"
          f" ID: {permission_id_to_delete}) from form {YOUR_FORM_ID}."
      )
    else:
      print(
          f"Responder {YOUR_RESPONDER_EMAIL} not found or not a published"
          f" reader for form {YOUR_FORM_ID}."
      )

  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
  remove_responder()

Node.js

forms/snippets/remove_responders.js
import path from 'node:path';
import {authenticate} from '@google-cloud/local-auth';
import {drive} from '@googleapis/drive';

const CREDENTIALS_PATH = path.join(__dirname, 'credentials.json');
const SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file'];

/**
 * Remove a responder from a form.
 * This is done by removing the corresponding permission from the form in Google Drive.
 *
 * @param {string} formId The ID of the form.
 * @param {string} email The email of the responder to remove.
 */
async function removeResponders(formId, email) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Drive API client.
  const driveService = drive({version: 'v3', auth: authClient});

  // List the permissions for the form.
  const result = await driveService.permissions.list({
    fileId: formId,
    includePermissionsForView: 'published',
    fields: 'permissions(id,emailAddress,type,role,view)',
  });

  const permissions = result.data.permissions || [];
  // Find the permission that corresponds to the responder to be removed.
  const responderToRemove = permissions.find(
    (permission) =>
      permission.view === 'published' &&
      permission.role === 'reader' &&
      permission.emailAddress === email,
  );

  if (responderToRemove?.id) {
    const permissionId = responderToRemove.id;
    // Delete the permission.
    await driveService.permissions.delete({
      fileId: formId,
      permissionId: responderToRemove.id,
    });
    console.log(
      `Responder with permission ID '${permissionId}' removed successfully.`,
    );
  } else {
    console.log('Responder not found for the specified form');
  }
}

リンクを知っているユーザーからの回答をフォームが受け付けるかどうかを確認するには、ドライブの詳細設定を有効にする必要があります。

  1. ドライブの拡張サービスを有効にします。
    1. Apps Script プロジェクトを開きます。
    2. [サービス]（[サービス] の横にあるプラスアイコン）をクリックします。
    3. Drive API を見つけて、[追加] をクリックします。
    4. [追加] をクリックします。

Apps Script

function `isAnyoneWithLinkResponder`(formId) {
  let permissions = Drive.Permissions.list(formId, { includePermissionsForView: 'published' }).permissions;
  if (permissions) {
    for (const permission of permissions) {
      if (permission.type === 'anyone' && permission.view === 'published' && permission.role === 'reader') {
        return true;
      }
    }
  }
  return false;
}

Python

forms/snippets/anyone_with_link_responder.py
def is_anyone_with_link_responder():
  """Checks if anyone with the link is a responder for the form."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  drive_service = build("drive", "v3", credentials=creds)
  anyone_with_link_responder = False

  try:
    permissions_result = (
        drive_service.permissions()
        .list(
            fileId=YOUR_FORM_ID,
            fields="permissions(id,type,role,view)",
            includePermissionsForView="published",
        )
        .execute()
    )

    permissions = permissions_result.get("permissions", [])
    if not permissions:
      print(f"No permissions found for form ID: {YOUR_FORM_ID}")
    else:
      for permission in permissions:
        if (
            permission.get("type") == "anyone"
            and permission.get("view") == "published"
            and permission.get("role") == "reader"
        ):
          anyone_with_link_responder = True
          break

    if anyone_with_link_responder:
      print(
          f"Form '{YOUR_FORM_ID}' IS configured for 'Anyone with the link' to"
          " respond."
      )
    else:
      print(
          f"Form '{YOUR_FORM_ID}' is NOT configured for 'Anyone with the link'"
          " to respond."
      )

  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
  return anyone_with_link_responder

Node.js

forms/snippets/anyone_with_link_responder.js
import path from 'node:path';
import {authenticate} from '@google-cloud/local-auth';
import {drive} from '@googleapis/drive';

const CREDENTIALS_PATH = path.join(__dirname, 'credentials.json');
const SCOPES = ['https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file'];

/**
 * Checks if anyone with the link is a responder for the form.
 * This is determined by checking the form's permissions in Google Drive.
 *
 * @param {string} formId The ID of the Google Form.
 */
async function isAnyoneWithLinkResponder(formId) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Drive API client.
  const driveService = drive({version: 'v3', auth: authClient});
  let anyoneWithLinkResponder = false;

  try {
    // List the permissions for the form.
    const result = await driveService.permissions.list({
      fileId: formId,
      fields: 'permissions(id,type,role,view)',
      includePermissionsForView: 'published',
    });

    const permissions = result.data.permissions || [];
    if (permissions.length === 0) {
      console.log(`No permissions found for form ID: ${formId}`);
    } else {
      // Check if there is a permission that allows anyone with the link to respond.
      // This is indicated by a permission with type 'anyone', view 'published', and role 'reader'.
      for (const permission of permissions) {
        if (
          permission.type === 'anyone' &&
          permission.view === 'published' &&
          permission.role === 'reader'
        ) {
          anyoneWithLinkResponder = true;
          break;
        }
      }
    }

    if (anyoneWithLinkResponder) {
      console.log(
        `Form '${formId}' IS configured for 'Anyone with the link' to respond.`,
      );
    } else {
      console.log(
        `Form '${formId}' is NOT configured for 'Anyone with the link' to respond.`,
      );
    }
  } catch (e) {
    console.error(`Error checking "anyone with link" permission: ${e}`);
  }
}

[リンクを知っている人は誰でも回答できます] を設定するには:

Apps Script

function `setAnyoneWithLinkResponder`(formId) {
  Drive.Permissions.create({
    type: 'anyone',
    view: 'published',
    role: 'reader',
  }, formId);
}

Python

forms/snippets/anyone_with_link_responder.py
def set_anyone_with_link_responder():
  """Sets anyone with the link to be a responder for the form."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  drive_service = build("drive", "v3", credentials=creds)

  permission_body = {
      "type": "anyone",
      "view": "published",  # Key for making it a responder setting
      "role": "reader",
  }

  try:
    response = (
        drive_service.permissions()
        .create(
            fileId=YOUR_FORM_ID,
            body=permission_body,
        )
        .execute()
    )
    print(
        "'Anyone with the link can respond' permission set for form"
        f" {YOUR_FORM_ID}: {response}"
    )
    return True
  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
  return False

Node.js

forms/snippets/anyone_with_link_responder.js
/**
 * Sets anyone with the link to be a responder for the form.
 * This is done by adding a permission to the form in Google Drive.
 *
 * @param {string} formId The ID of the Google Form.
 */
async function setAnyoneWithLinkResponder(formId) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Drive API client.
  const driveService = drive({version: 'v3', auth: authClient});

  // The permission body to allow anyone with the link to respond.
  const permissionBody = {
    type: 'anyone',
    view: 'published', // Key for making it a responder setting
    role: 'reader',
  };

  try {
    // Create the permission for the form.
    const result = await driveService.permissions.create({
      fileId: formId,
      requestBody: permissionBody,
      fields: 'id', // Request only needed fields
    });
    console.log(
      `'Anyone with the link can respond' permission set for form '${formId}'.` +
        ` Permission ID: ${result.data.id}`,
    );
  } catch (e) {
    console.error(`Error setting "anyone with link" permission: ${e}`);
  }
}

[リンクを知っている人は誰でも回答できます] を削除するには:

Apps Script

function `removeAnyoneWithLinkResponder`(formId) {
  let permissions = Drive.Permissions.list(formId, { includePermissionsForView: 'published' }).permissions;
  if (permissions) {
    for (const permission of permissions) {
      if (permission.type === 'anyone' && permission.role === 'reader') {
        Drive.Permissions.remove(formId, permission.id);
      }
    }
  }
}

Python

forms/snippets/anyone_with_link_responder.py
def remove_anyone_with_link_responder():
  """Removes anyone with the link as a responder for the form."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  drive_service = build("drive", "v3", credentials=creds)

  permission_id_to_delete = None

  try:
    permissions_result = (
        drive_service.permissions()
        .list(
            fileId=YOUR_FORM_ID,
            fields="permissions(id,type,role,view)",
            includePermissionsForView="published",
        )
        .execute()
    )

    permissions = permissions_result.get("permissions", [])
    for permission in permissions:
      if (
          permission.get("type") == "anyone"
          and permission.get("role") == "reader"
          and permission.get("view") == "published"
      ):
        permission_id_to_delete = permission.get("id")
        break

    if permission_id_to_delete:
      drive_service.permissions().delete(
          fileId=YOUR_FORM_ID, permissionId=permission_id_to_delete
      ).execute()
      print(
          "Successfully removed 'Anyone with the link' permission (ID:"
          f" {permission_id_to_delete}) from form {YOUR_FORM_ID}."
      )
      return True
    else:
      print(
          "'Anyone with the link can respond' permission not found for form"
          f" {YOUR_FORM_ID}."
      )

  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
  return False

Node.js

forms/snippets/anyone_with_link_responder.js
/**
 * Removes anyone with the link as a responder for the form.
 * This is done by removing the corresponding permission from the form in Google Drive.
 *
 * @param {string} formId The ID of the Google Form.
 */
async function removeAnyoneWithLinkResponder(formId) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Drive API client.
  const driveService = drive({version: 'v3', auth: authClient});
  let permissionIdToDelete = null;

  try {
    // List the permissions for the form to find the one to delete.
    const result = await driveService.permissions.list({
      fileId: formId,
      fields: 'permissions(id,type,role,view)',
      includePermissionsForView: 'published',
    });

    const permissions = result.data.permissions || [];
    // Find the permission that allows anyone with the link to respond.
    for (const permission of permissions) {
      if (
        permission.type === 'anyone' &&
        permission.role === 'reader' &&
        permission.view === 'published'
      ) {
        permissionIdToDelete = permission.id;
        break;
      }
    }

    if (permissionIdToDelete) {
      // Delete the permission.
      await driveService.permissions.delete({
        fileId: formId,
        permissionId: permissionIdToDelete,
      });
      console.log(
        `Successfully removed permission (ID: ${permissionIdToDelete})` +
          ` from form '${formId}'.`,
      );
    } else {
      console.log(`Permission not found for form '${formId}'.`);
    }
  } catch (e) {
    console.error(`Error removing "anyone with link" permission: ${e}`);
  }
}

フォームを閉じる

フォームの公開を停止するには、Forms.setPublished(false) メソッドを使用します。{/apps-script/reference/forms/form#setpublishedenabled} フォームの公開を停止すると、フォームは利用できなくなり、回答の受け付けが自動的に停止します。

REST

リクエストの本文の例

POST https://forms.googleapis.com/v1/forms/{formId}:setPublishSettings

{
  "publishSettings": {
    "publishState": {
      "isPublished": false
    }
  }
}

Apps Script

/**
* Unpublishes a Google Form using its URL.
*/
function unpublishMyForm() {
  // Replace with the URL of your Google Form
  const formUrl = 'https://docs.google.com/forms/d/YOUR_FORM_ID/edit';

  try {
    const form = FormApp.openByUrl(formUrl);

    // Unpublish the form. This also disables accepting responses.
    form.setPublished(false);
    Logger.log(`Form "${form.getTitle()}" unpublished successfully.`);

    // Optional: Verify the state
    if (!form.isPublished()) {
      Logger.log('Form is now unpublished.');
    }
    if (!form.isAcceptingResponses()) {
      Logger.log('Form is no longer accepting responses.');
    }

  } catch (error) {
    Logger.log(`Error unpublishing form: ${error}`);
  }
}

Python

forms/snippets/unpublish_form.py
import os.path

from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build


# If modifying these SCOPES, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body"]
DISCOVERY_DOC = "https://forms.googleapis.com/$discovery/rest?version=v1"
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = "client_secrets.json"
TOKEN_FILE = "token.json"

# TODO: Replace with your Form ID
YOUR_FORM_ID = "YOUR_FORM_ID"


def get_credentials():
  """Gets the credentials for the user."""
  creds = None
  if os.path.exists(TOKEN_FILE):
    creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(TOKEN_FILE, SCOPES)
  if not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
      creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
      flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
          CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES
      )
      creds = flow.run_local_server(port=8080)
    with open(TOKEN_FILE, "w") as token:
      token.write(creds.to_json())
  return creds


def unpublish_form():
  """Unpublishes the form."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  form_service = build(
      "forms",
      "v1",
      credentials=creds,
      discoveryServiceUrl=DISCOVERY_DOC,
      static_discovery=False,
  )

  # Request body for updating publish settings
  set_publish_settings_request = {
      "publishSettings": {"publishState": {"isPublished": False}},
  }

  try:
    response = (
        form_service.forms()
        .setPublishSettings(
            formId=YOUR_FORM_ID, body=set_publish_settings_request
        )
        .execute()
    )
    print(
        f"Form {YOUR_FORM_ID} publish settings updated to unpublished:"
        f" {response}"
    )
    return True
  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
  return False


if __name__ == "__main__":
  unpublish_form()

Node.js

forms/snippets/unpublish_form.js
import path from 'node:path';
import {authenticate} from '@google-cloud/local-auth';
import {forms} from '@googleapis/forms';

const CREDENTIALS_PATH = path.join(__dirname, 'credentials.json');
const SCOPES = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body';

/**
 * Unpublishes a Google Form.
 *
 * @param {string} formIdToUnpublish The ID of the form to unpublish.
 */
async function unpublishForm(formIdToUnpublish) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Forms API client.
  const formsClient = forms({
    version: 'v1',
    auth: authClient,
  });

  // The request body to unpublish the form.
  const setPublishSettingsRequest = {
    publishSettings: {
      publishState: {
        isPublished: false,
      },
    },
  };

  try {
    // Send the request to unpublish the form.
    const res = await formsClient.forms.setPublishSettings({
      formId: formIdToUnpublish,
      requestBody: setPublishSettingsRequest,
    });
    console.log('Form un-published.', res.data);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('Error setting publish settings:', err);
  }
}

フォームの公開を停止せずに回答の受け付けを停止するには、Form.setAcceptingResponses(false) メソッドを使用します。フォームの回答者には、フォームが閉じられたことを示すページとメッセージが表示されます。

REST

リクエストの本文の例

POST https://forms.googleapis.com/v1/forms/{formId}:setPublishSettings

{
  "publishSettings": {
    "publishState": {
      "isPublished": true,
      "isAcceptingResponses": false
    }
  }
}

Apps Script

/**
 * Stop a Google Form from accepting responses using its URL.
*/
function closeMyFormForAcceptingResponses() {
  // Replace with the URL of your Google Form
  const formUrl = 'https://docs.google.com/forms/d/YOUR_FORM_ID/edit';

  try {
    const form = FormApp.openByUrl(formUrl);

    // This disables the form for accepting responses.
    form.setAcceptingResponses(false);
    Logger.log(`Form "${form.getTitle()}" closed for accepting responses successfully.`);

    // Optional: Verify the state
    if (form.isPublished()) {
      Logger.log('Form is still published.');
    }
    if (!form.isAcceptingResponses()) {
      Logger.log('Form is no longer accepting responses.');
    }

  } catch (error) {
    Logger.log(`Error unpublishing form: ${error}`);
  }
}

Python

forms/snippets/stop_accepting_responses.py
import os.path

from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build


# If modifying these SCOPES, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body"]
DISCOVERY_DOC = "https://forms.googleapis.com/$discovery/rest?version=v1"
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = "client_secrets.json"
TOKEN_FILE = "token.json"

# TODO: Replace with your Form ID
YOUR_FORM_ID = "YOUR_FORM_ID"


def get_credentials():
  """Gets the credentials for the user."""
  creds = None
  if os.path.exists(TOKEN_FILE):
    creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(TOKEN_FILE, SCOPES)
  if not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
      creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
      flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
          CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES
      )
      creds = flow.run_local_server(port=8080)
    with open(TOKEN_FILE, "w") as token:
      token.write(creds.to_json())
  return creds


def close_form():
  """Closes the form for responses."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  form_service = build(
      "forms",
      "v1",
      credentials=creds,
      discoveryServiceUrl=DISCOVERY_DOC,
      static_discovery=False,
  )

  stop_accepting_request_body = {
      "publishSettings": {
          "publishState": {
              "isPublished": True,  # Keep it published
              "isAcceptingResponses": False,  # But stop accepting responses
          }
      }
  }

  try:
    response = (
        form_service.forms()
        .setPublishSettings(  # Corrected: form_service
            formId=YOUR_FORM_ID, body=stop_accepting_request_body
        )
        .execute()
    )
    print(f"Form {YOUR_FORM_ID} stopped accepting responses: {response}")
    return True
  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
  return False


if __name__ == "__main__":
  close_form()

Node.js

forms/snippets/stop_accepting_responses.js
import path from 'node:path';
import {authenticate} from '@google-cloud/local-auth';
import {forms} from '@googleapis/forms';

const CREDENTIALS_PATH = path.join(__dirname, 'credentials.json');
const SCOPES = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body';

/**
 * Stops a form from accepting new responses.
 *
 * @param {string} formId The ID of the form.
 */
async function stopAcceptingResponses(formId) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Forms API client.
  const formsClient = forms({
    version: 'v1',
    auth: authClient,
  });

  // The request body to stop accepting responses.
  const setPublishSettingsRequest = {
    publishSettings: {
      publishState: {
        isPublished: true, // Keep the form published.
        isAcceptingResponses: false, // Stop accepting new responses.
      },
    },
  };

  try {
    // Send the request to update the form's settings.
    const res = await formsClient.forms.setPublishSettings({
      formId,
      requestBody: setPublishSettingsRequest,
    });
    console.log('Form is no longer accepting responses.', res.data);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error('Error setting publish settings:', err);
  }
}

フォームが以前のフォームかどうかを確認する

以前のフォームには publishSettings フィールドがありませんが、新しく作成されたすべてのフォームは公開設定をサポートしています。

フォームが以前のフォームかどうかは、フォームが公開をサポートしているかどうかで判断します。このメソッドは、setPublished(enabled) メソッドと isPublished() メソッド、およびレスポンダ権限が有効になっているかどうかを判断するために使用されます。

Apps Script

/**
 * Checks if a form supports advanced responder permissions (i.e., is not a legacy form).
*/
function `checkIfFormSupportsPublishing()` {
  // TODO(developer): Replace the URL with your own.
  const formUrl = 'https://docs.google.com/forms/d/YOUR_FORM_ID/edit';

  try {
    const form = FormApp.openByUrl(formUrl);

    // Checks whether the form supports publishing or not and logs it to the console.
    const supportsPublishing = form.supportsAdvancedResponderPermissions();

    if (supportsPublishing) {
      Logger.log(`Form "${form.getTitle()}" supports publishing (not a legacy
          form).`);
    } else {
      Logger.log(`Form "${form.getTitle()}" is a legacy form (does not support
          publishing).`);
    }
    return supportsPublishing;
  } catch (error) {
    Logger.log(`Error unpublishing form: ${error}`);
  }
}

Python

forms/snippets/supports_publishing.py
import os.path

from google.auth.transport.requests import Request
from google.oauth2.credentials import Credentials
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build


# If modifying these SCOPES, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body"]
DISCOVERY_DOC = "https://forms.googleapis.com/$discovery/rest?version=v1"
CLIENT_SECRET_FILE = "client_secrets.json"
TOKEN_FILE = "token.json"

# TODO: Replace with your Form ID
YOUR_FORM_ID = "YOUR_FORM_ID"


def get_credentials():
  """Gets the credentials for the user."""
  creds = None
  if os.path.exists(TOKEN_FILE):
    creds = Credentials.from_authorized_user_file(TOKEN_FILE, SCOPES)
  if not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
      creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
      flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
          CLIENT_SECRET_FILE, SCOPES
      )
      creds = flow.run_local_server(port=8080)
    with open(TOKEN_FILE, "w") as token:
      token.write(creds.to_json())
  return creds


def supports_publishing():
  """Checks if the form supports publishing."""
  creds = get_credentials()
  form_service = build(
      "forms",
      "v1",
      credentials=creds,
      discoveryServiceUrl=DISCOVERY_DOC,
      static_discovery=False,
  )

  is_legacy = True  # Assume legacy until proven otherwise
  try:
    form_metadata = form_service.forms().get(formId=YOUR_FORM_ID).execute()
    # If 'publishSettings' field exists, it's not a legacy form regarding this feature.
    if "publishSettings" in form_metadata:
      print(
          f"Form '{YOUR_FORM_ID}' (Title:"
          f" {form_metadata.get('info', {}).get('title')}) is NOT a legacy form"
          " (supports publishSettings)."
      )
      is_legacy = False
    else:
      print(
          f"Form '{YOUR_FORM_ID}' (Title:"
          f" {form_metadata.get('info', {}).get('title')}) IS a legacy form"
          " (does not have publishSettings field)."
      )
    return not is_legacy  # Returns true if it supports publishing

  except Exception as e:
    print(f"An error occurred while checking form {YOUR_FORM_ID}: {e}")
    # Depending on the error, it might indicate non-existence or access issues,
    # not necessarily legacy status.
    return None


if __name__ == "__main__":
  supports_publishing()

Node.js

forms/snippets/supports_publishing.js
import path from 'node:path';
import {authenticate} from '@google-cloud/local-auth';
import {forms} from '@googleapis/forms';

const CREDENTIALS_PATH = path.join(__dirname, 'credentials.json');
const SCOPES = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/forms.body';

/**
 * Checks if a form supports the `publishSettings` field, which indicates it is not a legacy form.
 *
 * @param {string} formIdToCheck The ID of the form to check.
 */
async function supportsPublishing(formIdToCheck) {
  // Authenticate with Google and get an authorized client.
  const authClient = await authenticate({
    keyfilePath: CREDENTIALS_PATH,
    scopes: SCOPES,
  });

  // Create a new Forms API client.
  const formsClient = forms({
    version: 'v1',
    auth: authClient,
  });

  try {
    // Get the form metadata.
    const result = await formsClient.forms.get({
      formId: formIdToCheck,
    });

    const formTitle = result.data.info?.title;

    // If the 'publishSettings' field exists (even if empty), the form supports the new
    // publishing model and is not a legacy form.
    if (result.data && result.data.publishSettings !== undefined) {
      console.log(
        `Form '${formIdToCheck}' (Title: ${
          formTitle
        }) is NOT a legacy form (supports publishSettings).`,
      );
    } else {
      console.log(
        `Form '${formIdToCheck}' (Title: ${
          formTitle
        }) IS a legacy form (does not have publishSettings field).`,
      );
    }
  } catch (err) {
    console.error(`Error getting form metadata for '${formIdToCheck}':`, err);
  }
}