报告基础知识

简介

本指南将介绍如何使用 API 运行和下载报告。它涵盖了使用现有已保存的报告查询和创建临时报告查询。

前提条件

  • 能够访问生产 Google Ad Manager 广告资源网
  • Ad Manager 客户端库

Primer

如果您不熟悉 Ad Manager 中的报告功能，请参阅创建新报告，了解如何在 Ad Manager 界面中生成报告。界面会显示输出的预览效果，以及说明支持哪些列和维度组合的提示。在创建复杂的报告查询时，最好先在界面中创建，然后再通过 API 检索该查询。

检索已保存的 ReportQuery

ReportQuery 对象包含报告的所有详细信息。您可以在 Ad Manager 界面中创建报告查询，并使用 ReportService.getSavedQueriesByStatement 方法检索这些查询。在界面中查看查询时，网址中会包含保存的查询 ID。例如，在网址 https://www.google.com/admanager/1234#reports/report/detail/report_id=456789 中，查询 ID 为 456789。

如果查询与您的 API 版本不兼容，SavedQuery.reportQuery 将为 null，而 SavedQuery.isCompatibleWithApiVersion 将为 false。

兼容的已保存查询可以运行，也可以在修改后运行。

Java

    StatementBuilder statementBuilder =
        new StatementBuilder()
            .where("id = :id")
            .orderBy("id ASC")
            .limit(1)
            .withBindVariableValue("id", savedQueryId);

    SavedQueryPage page = reportService.getSavedQueriesByStatement(statementBuilder.toStatement());
    SavedQuery savedQuery = Iterables.getOnlyElement(Arrays.asList(page.getResults()));

    if (!savedQuery.getIsCompatibleWithApiVersion()) {
      throw new IllegalStateException("The saved query is not compatible with this API version.");
    }

    ReportQuery reportQuery = savedQuery.getReportQuery();

Python

  statement = (ad_manager.StatementBuilder(version='v202608')
               .Where('id = :id')
               .WithBindVariable('id', int(saved_query_id))
               .Limit(1))

  response = report_service.getSavedQueriesByStatement(
      statement.ToStatement())

  if 'results' in response and len(response['results']):
    saved_query = response['results'][0]

    if saved_query['isCompatibleWithApiVersion']:
      report_job = {}

      # Set report query and optionally modify it.
      report_job['reportQuery'] = saved_query['reportQuery']

PHP

      $statementBuilder = (new StatementBuilder())->where('id = :id')
          ->orderBy('id ASC')
          ->limit(1)
          ->withBindVariableValue('id', $savedQueryId);

      $savedQueryPage = $reportService->getSavedQueriesByStatement(
          $statementBuilder->toStatement()
      );
      $savedQuery = $savedQueryPage->getResults()[0];

      if ($savedQuery->getIsCompatibleWithApiVersion() === false) {
          throw new UnexpectedValueException(
              'The saved query is not compatible with this API version.'
          );
      }

      $reportQuery = $savedQuery->getReportQuery();

C#

StatementBuilder statementBuilder = new StatementBuilder()
    .Where("id = :id")
    .OrderBy("id ASC")
    .Limit(1)
    .AddValue("id", savedQueryId);

SavedQueryPage page =
    reportService.getSavedQueriesByStatement(statementBuilder.ToStatement());
SavedQuery savedQuery = page.results[0];

if (!savedQuery.isCompatibleWithApiVersion)
{
    throw new InvalidOperationException("Saved query is not compatible with this " +
        "API version");
}

// Optionally modify the query.
ReportQuery reportQuery = savedQuery.reportQuery;

Ruby

  statement = ad_manager.new_statement_builder do |sb|
    sb.where = 'id = :saved_query_id'
    sb.with_bind_variable('saved_query_id', saved_query_id)
  end

  saved_query_page = report_service.get_saved_queries_by_statement(
      statement.to_statement()
  )

  unless saved_query_page[:results].nil?
    saved_query = saved_query_page[:results].first

    if saved_query[:is_compatible_with_api_version]
      # Create report job.
      report_job = {:report_query => saved_query[:report_query]}
    else
      raise StandardError, 'Report query is not compatible with the API'
    end

如需运行查询，请参阅创建 ReportJob。

构建 ReportQuery

除了使用已保存的查询之外，您还可以创建临时 ReportQuery。为此，您必须设置报告的维度、维度属性、列、过滤条件和日期范围。此示例展示了针对单个订单的基本配送报告。

Java

    // Create report query.
    ReportQuery reportQuery = new ReportQuery();
    reportQuery.setDimensions(new Dimension[] {Dimension.DATE, Dimension.ORDER_ID});
    reportQuery.setColumns(
        new Column[] {
          Column.AD_SERVER_IMPRESSIONS,
          Column.AD_SERVER_CLICKS,
          Column.AD_SERVER_CTR,
          Column.AD_SERVER_CPM_AND_CPC_REVENUE
        });
    reportQuery.setDimensionAttributes(
        new DimensionAttribute[] {
          DimensionAttribute.ORDER_TRAFFICKER,
          DimensionAttribute.ORDER_START_DATE_TIME,
          DimensionAttribute.ORDER_END_DATE_TIME
        });

    // Create statement to filter for an order.
    StatementBuilder statementBuilder =
        new StatementBuilder()
            .where("ORDER_ID = :orderId")
            .withBindVariableValue("orderId", orderId);

    // Set the filter statement.
    reportQuery.setStatement(statementBuilder.toStatement());

    // Set the start and end dates or choose a dynamic date range type.
    reportQuery.setDateRangeType(DateRangeType.CUSTOM_DATE);
    reportQuery.setStartDate(
        DateTimes.toDateTime("2013-05-01T00:00:00", "America/New_York").getDate());
    reportQuery.setEndDate(
        DateTimes.toDateTime("2013-05-31T00:00:00", "America/New_York").getDate());

Python

  # Create statement object to filter for an order.
  statement = (ad_manager.StatementBuilder(version='v202608')
               .Where('ORDER_ID = :id')
               .WithBindVariable('id', int(order_id))
               .Limit(None)  # No limit or offset for reports
               .Offset(None))

  # Set the start and end dates of the report to run (past 8 days).
  end_date = datetime.now().date()
  start_date = end_date - timedelta(days=8)

  # Create report job.
  report_job = {
      'reportQuery': {
          'dimensions': ['ORDER_ID', 'ORDER_NAME'],
          'dimensionAttributes': ['ORDER_TRAFFICKER', 'ORDER_START_DATE_TIME',
                                  'ORDER_END_DATE_TIME'],
          'statement': statement.ToStatement(),
          'columns': ['AD_SERVER_IMPRESSIONS', 'AD_SERVER_CLICKS',
                      'AD_SERVER_CTR', 'AD_SERVER_CPM_AND_CPC_REVENUE',
                      'AD_SERVER_WITHOUT_CPD_AVERAGE_ECPM'],
          'dateRangeType': 'CUSTOM_DATE',
          'startDate': start_date,
          'endDate': end_date
      }
  }

PHP

      // Create report query.
      $reportQuery = new ReportQuery();
      $reportQuery->setDimensions(
          [
              Dimension::ORDER_ID,
              Dimension::ORDER_NAME
          ]
      );
      $reportQuery->setDimensionAttributes(
          [
              DimensionAttribute::ORDER_TRAFFICKER,
              DimensionAttribute::ORDER_START_DATE_TIME,
              DimensionAttribute::ORDER_END_DATE_TIME
          ]
      );
      $reportQuery->setColumns(
          [
              Column::AD_SERVER_IMPRESSIONS,
              Column::AD_SERVER_CLICKS,
              Column::AD_SERVER_CTR,
              Column::AD_SERVER_CPM_AND_CPC_REVENUE,
              Column::AD_SERVER_WITHOUT_CPD_AVERAGE_ECPM
          ]
      );

      // Create statement to filter for an order.
      $statementBuilder = (new StatementBuilder())
          ->where('ORDER_ID = :orderId')
          ->withBindVariableValue(
              'orderId',
              $orderId
          );

      // Set the filter statement.
      $reportQuery->setStatement($statementBuilder->toStatement());

      // Set the start and end dates or choose a dynamic date range type.
      $reportQuery->setDateRangeType(DateRangeType::CUSTOM_DATE);
      $reportQuery->setStartDate(
          AdManagerDateTimes::fromDateTime(
              new DateTime(
                  '-10 days',
                  new DateTimeZone('America/New_York')
              )
          )
              ->getDate()
      );
      $reportQuery->setEndDate(
          AdManagerDateTimes::fromDateTime(
              new DateTime(
                  'now',
                  new DateTimeZone('America/New_York')
              )
          )
              ->getDate()
      );

C#

// Create report job.
ReportJob reportJob = new ReportJob();
reportJob.reportQuery = new ReportQuery();
reportJob.reportQuery.dimensions = new Dimension[]
{
    Dimension.ORDER_ID,
    Dimension.ORDER_NAME
};
reportJob.reportQuery.dimensionAttributes = new DimensionAttribute[]
{
    DimensionAttribute.ORDER_TRAFFICKER,
    DimensionAttribute.ORDER_START_DATE_TIME,
    DimensionAttribute.ORDER_END_DATE_TIME
};
reportJob.reportQuery.columns = new Column[]
{
    Column.AD_SERVER_IMPRESSIONS,
    Column.AD_SERVER_CLICKS,
    Column.AD_SERVER_CTR,
    Column.AD_SERVER_CPM_AND_CPC_REVENUE,
    Column.AD_SERVER_WITHOUT_CPD_AVERAGE_ECPM
};

// Set a custom date range for the last 8 days
reportJob.reportQuery.dateRangeType = DateRangeType.CUSTOM_DATE;
System.DateTime endDateTime = System.DateTime.Now;
reportJob.reportQuery.startDate = DateTimeUtilities
    .FromDateTime(endDateTime.AddDays(-8), "America/New_York").date;
reportJob.reportQuery.endDate = DateTimeUtilities
    .FromDateTime(endDateTime, "America/New_York").date;

// Create statement object to filter for an order.
StatementBuilder statementBuilder = new StatementBuilder().Where("ORDER_ID = :id")
    .AddValue("id", orderId);
reportJob.reportQuery.statement = statementBuilder.ToStatement();

Ruby

  # Specify a report to run for the last 7 days.
  report_end_date = ad_manager.today()
  report_start_date = report_end_date - 7

  # Create statement object to filter for an order.
  statement = ad_manager.new_report_statement_builder do |sb|
    sb.where = 'ORDER_ID = :order_id'
    sb.with_bind_variable('order_id', order_id)
  end

  # Create report query.
  report_query = {
    :date_range_type => 'CUSTOM_DATE',
    :start_date => report_start_date.to_h,
    :end_date => report_end_date.to_h,
    :dimensions => ['ORDER_ID', 'ORDER_NAME'],
    :dimension_attributes => ['ORDER_TRAFFICKER', 'ORDER_START_DATE_TIME',
        'ORDER_END_DATE_TIME'],
    :columns => ['AD_SERVER_IMPRESSIONS', 'AD_SERVER_CLICKS', 'AD_SERVER_CTR',
        'AD_SERVER_CPM_AND_CPC_REVENUE', 'AD_SERVER_WITHOUT_CPD_AVERAGE_ECPM'],
    :statement => statement.to_statement()
  }

创建 ReportJob

获得 ReportQuery 后，就可以运行报告了。ReportJob 对象用于保存报告的状态，并让您了解报告何时可供下载。如需开始生成报告，请使用 ReportService.runReportJob 方法。

Java

    // Create report job.
    ReportJob reportJob = new ReportJob();
    reportJob.setReportQuery(reportQuery);

    // Run report job.
    reportJob = reportService.runReportJob(reportJob);

Python

  # Initialize a DataDownloader.
  report_downloader = client.GetDataDownloader(version='v202608')

  try:
    # Run the report and wait for it to finish.
    report_job_id = report_downloader.WaitForReport(report_job)
  except errors.AdManagerReportError as e:
    print('Failed to generate report. Error was: %s' % e)

PHP

      // Create report job and start it.
      $reportJob = new ReportJob();
      $reportJob->setReportQuery($reportQuery);
      $reportJob = $reportService->runReportJob($reportJob);

C#

// Run report job.
reportJob = reportService.runReportJob(reportJob);

Ruby

  # Create report job.
  report_job = {:report_query => report_query}

  # Run report job.
  report_job = report_service.run_report_job(report_job);

下载报告

启动报告作业后，该作业将具有服务器设置的 ID。您可以使用此 ID 通过 ReportService.getReportJobStatus 方法检查报告的状态。当状态为 ReportJobStatus.COMPLETED 时，报告即可供下载。

我们的某些客户端库具有辅助实用程序，可轮询 API 并等待报告完成。报告完成后，您可以使用 ReportService.getReportDownloadURL 方法获取下载网址。报告可以采用不同的格式下载。如果您想对报告进行进一步的机器处理，则应使用 CSV_DUMP 格式。

Java

    // Create report downloader.
    ReportDownloader reportDownloader = new ReportDownloader(reportService, reportJob.getId());

    // Wait for the report to be ready.
    if (reportDownloader.waitForReportReady()) {
      // Change to your file location.
      File file = File.createTempFile("delivery-report-", ".csv.gz");

      System.out.printf("Downloading report to %s ...", file.toString());

      // Download the report.
      ReportDownloadOptions options = new ReportDownloadOptions();
      options.setExportFormat(ExportFormat.CSV_DUMP);
      options.setUseGzipCompression(true);
      URL url = reportDownloader.getDownloadUrl(options);
      Resources.asByteSource(url).copyTo(Files.asByteSink(file));

      System.out.println("done.");
    } else {
      System.out.printf("Report job %d failed.%n", reportJob.getId());
    }

Python

  # Change to your preferred export format.
  export_format = 'CSV_DUMP'

  report_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.csv.gz', delete=False)

  # Download report data.
  report_downloader.DownloadReportToFile(
      report_job_id, export_format, report_file)

  report_file.close()

  # Display results.
  print('Report job with id "%s" downloaded to:\n%s' % (
      report_job_id, report_file.name))

PHP

      // Create report downloader to poll report's status and download when
      // ready.
      $reportDownloader = new ReportDownloader(
          $reportService,
          $reportJob->getId()
      );
      if ($reportDownloader->waitForReportToFinish()) {
          // Write to system temp directory by default.
          $filePath = sprintf(
              '%s.csv.gz',
              tempnam(sys_get_temp_dir(), 'delivery-report-')
          );
          printf("Downloading report to %s ...%s", $filePath, PHP_EOL);
          // Download the report.
          $reportDownloader->downloadReport(
              ExportFormat::CSV_DUMP,
              $filePath
          );
          print "done.\n";
      } else {
          print "Report failed.\n";
      }

C#

ReportUtilities reportUtilities =
    new ReportUtilities(reportService, reportJob.id);

// Set download options.
ReportDownloadOptions options = new ReportDownloadOptions();
options.exportFormat = ExportFormat.CSV_DUMP;
options.useGzipCompression = true;
reportUtilities.reportDownloadOptions = options;

// Download the report.
using (ReportResponse reportResponse = reportUtilities.GetResponse())
{
    reportResponse.Save(filePath);
}

Console.WriteLine("Report saved to \"{0}\".", filePath);

Ruby

  MAX_RETRIES.times do |retry_count|
    # Get the report job status.
    report_job_status = report_service.get_report_job_status(report_job[:id])

    break unless report_job_status == 'IN_PROGRESS'
    puts 'Report with ID %d is still running.' % report_job[:id]
    sleep(RETRY_INTERVAL)
  end

  puts 'Report job with ID %d finished with status "%s".' % [report_job[:id],
      report_service.get_report_job_status(report_job[:id])]

  # Get the report URL.
  download_url = report_service.get_report_download_url(
      report_job_id, export_format
  )

  puts 'Downloading "%s" to "%s"...' % [download_url, file_name]
  open(file_name, 'wb') do |local_file|
    local_file << URI.open(download_url).read()
  end

读取报告数据

我们的许多客户端库都包含用于读取报告数据的实用程序。这对于对报告数据进行额外处理或合并不同日期范围的报告非常有用。请注意，示例代码假定文件未压缩。

Java

  List<String[]> rows = CsvFiles.getCsvDataArray(filePath, true);
  for (String[] row : rows) {
    // Additional row processing
    processReportRow(row);
  }

Python

  with open(report_file.name, 'rb') as report:
    report_reader = csv.reader(report)
    for row in report_reader:
      # Additional row processing
      process_row(row)

PHP

  $report = fopen($filePath, 'r');
  while (!feof($report)) {
    // Additional row processing
    processRow(fgetcsv($report));
  }
  fclose($report);

C#

  CsvFile file = new CsvFile();
  file.Read(fileName, true);
  for (String[] row : file.Records) {
    // Additional row processing
    ProcessReportRow(row);
  }

Ruby

    CSV.foreach(file_name, converters: :numeric, headers: true) do |row|
      # Additional row processing
      process_row(row)
    end

如需查看更多报告示例，请访问 GitHub 上的客户端库。

常见问题解答

为什么测试网络上的所有报告结果都是空白的？
测试网络不投放广告，因此投放报告中不会有数据。
为什么生产网络上的所有报告结果都是空白的？
您进行身份验证所用的用户可能无权访问您尝试报告的数据。验证其角色权限和团队是否设置正确。
为什么我的报告会显示 ReportError.COLUMNS_NOT_SUPPORTED_FOR_REQUESTED_DIMENSIONS 错误？
Ad Manager 不支持所有列和维度组合。 对于复杂的报告，在界面中构建有效报告，然后使用 ReportService.getSavedQueriesByStatement 方法检索该报告可能更简单。
为什么我的已保存报告未在 API 中返回？
确保报告所有者已与您要进行身份验证的用户共享报告。
为什么我保存的报告与 API 不兼容？
API 中不提供某些报告功能。这包括列、维度属性、维度和日期范围类型。对于不兼容的日期范围类型，您可以先保存报告并使用受支持的类型，以便日后检索，然后更改 ReportQuery 以满足所需的固定日期范围。
为什么生命周期点击次数/展示次数与界面中的报告不一致？
“有效期内的展示次数”是指订单项的整个有效期内的展示次数，无论报告的日期范围如何。如果某个订单项仍在投放，那么在运行任意两个报告之间，该值可能会发生变化。
我的报告运行时间过长，偶尔还会超时。该怎么办？
缩短日期范围或减少维度数量有助于提高性能。不妨尝试生成多个日期范围较短的报告。然后，您可以合并报告数据，以涵盖所需的日期范围。
INVENTORY_LEVEL 列和 LINE_ITEM_LEVEL 列有何区别？我应该使用哪种？

只有在您的广告资源网中启用了订单项级动态分配时，才能使用带有 LINE_ITEM_LEVEL 的列。这些列包含从订单项级动态分配到 AdSense 或 Ad Exchange 的数据。同样，INVENTORY_LEVEL 列包含广告资源级别动态分配的数据。如需详细了解动态分配，请参阅 Ad Exchange 订单项。

如果您仍不确定要使用哪些 API 列，请在 Ad Manager 界面中创建已保存的查询，然后使用 ReportService.getSavedQueriesByStatement 方法检索该查询。