開始使用 IMA DAI SDK

您可以使用 IMA SDK 輕鬆將多媒體廣告整合至網站和應用程式。IMA SDK 可向任何 符合 VAST 規定的廣告伺服器要求廣告,並管理應用程式中的廣告播放作業。透過 IMA DAI SDK,應用程式會針對廣告和內容影片 (隨選影片或直播內容) 提出串流要求。接著,SDK 會傳回合併的影片串流,因此您不必在應用程式中管理廣告和內容影片之間的切換。

選取感興趣的動態廣告解決方案

全方位服務 DAI

本指南將說明如何將 IMA DAI SDK 整合至簡單的影片播放器應用程式。如要查看或瞭解整合完成的範例,請從 GitHub 下載 BasicExample

IMA DAI 總覽

實作 IMA DAI 時,需要使用四個主要 SDK 元件,如本指南所示:

  • StreamDisplayContainer:位於影片播放元素頂端的容器物件,用於容納廣告 UI 元素。
  • AdsLoader:要求串流的物件,並處理由串流要求回應物件觸發的事件。您應該只將一個廣告載入器例項化,這樣一來,您就能在應用程式生命週期中重複使用。
  • StreamRequest:定義串流要求的物件。串流要求可以是隨選影片或直播串流。要求會指定內容 ID,以及 API 金鑰或驗證權杖和其他參數。
  • StreamManager:處理動態廣告插播串流和與 DAI 後端的互動情形的物件。串流管理員也會處理追蹤 ping,並將串流和廣告事件轉送給發布商。

必要條件

  • Android Studio
  • 用於 SDK 整合的影片播放器應用程式範例

下載及執行範例影片播放器應用程式

這個範例應用程式提供可播放 HLS 影片的影片播放器。請將此做為整合 IMA DAI SDK 的 DAI 功能的起點。

  1. 下載範例影片播放器應用程式並解壓縮。

  2. 啟動 Android Studio,然後選取「Open an existing Android Studio project」。如果 Android Studio 已在執行中,請依序選取「File」>「New」>「Import Project」。然後選擇 SampleVideoPlayer/build.gradle

  3. 依序選取「Tools」>「Android」>「Sync Project with Gradle Files」,即可執行 Gradle 同步作業。

  4. 請確認玩家應用程式已編譯,並在實體 Android 裝置或 Android 虛擬裝置上執行,方法是依序選取「Run」>「Run 'app'」。影片串流需要幾秒鐘的時間才能載入並開始播放,這是正常現象。

檢查範例影片播放器

範例影片播放器尚未包含任何 IMA DAI SDK 整合程式碼。這個範例應用程式包含兩個主要部分:

  1. samplevideoplayer/SampleVideoPlayer.java:以 ExoPlayer 為基礎的 HLS 播放器,可做為 IMA DAI 整合的基礎。

  2. videoplayerapp/MyActivity.java:這個活動會建立影片播放器,並傳遞 ContextSimpleExoPlayerView

在播放器應用程式中加入 IMA DAI SDK

您也必須加入 IMA DAI SDK 的參照。在 Android Studio 中,將下列內容新增至位於 app/build.gradle 的應用程式層級 build.gradle 檔案:

repositories {
  google()
  mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.6.1'
    implementation 'androidx.media3:media3-exoplayer:1.3.1'
    implementation 'com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3:interactivemedia:3.35.1'
}

整合 IMA DAI SDK

  1. videoplayerapp 套件 (在 app/java/com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples/videoplayerapp/ 中) 中建立名為 SampleAdsWrapper 的新類別,以便包裝現有的 SampleVideoPlayer,並新增實作 IMA DAI 的邏輯。為此,您必須先建立 AdsLoader,用於向廣告伺服器要求廣告。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    package com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.videoplayerapp;
    
    import android.annotation.TargetApi;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.os.Build;
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.webkit.WebView;
    
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdErrorEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsLoader;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.AdsManagerLoadedEvent;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.CuePoint;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkFactory;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.ImaSdkSettings;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamDisplayContainer;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamManager;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.StreamRequest;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoProgressUpdate;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.api.player.VideoStreamPlayer;
    import com.google.ads.interactivemedia.v3.samples.samplevideoplayer.SampleVideoPlayer;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.List;
    
    public class SampleAdsWrapper implements AdEvent.AdEventListener,
            AdErrorEvent.AdErrorListener, AdsLoader.AdsLoadedListener {
    
        // Livestream asset key.
        private static final String TEST_ASSET_KEY = "sN_IYUG8STe1ZzhIIE_ksA";
    
        // VOD content source and video IDs.
        private static final String TEST_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID = "2548831";
        private static final String TEST_VIDEO_ID = "tears-of-steel";
    
        private static final String PLAYER_TYPE = "DAISamplePlayer";
    
        /**
         * Log interface, so you can output the log commands to the UI or similar.
         */
        public interface Logger {
            void log(String logMessage);
        }
    
        private ImaSdkFactory sdkFactory;
        private AdsLoader adsLoader;
        private StreamDisplayContainer displayContainer;
        private StreamManager streamManager;
        private List<VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback> playerCallbacks;
    
        private SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer;
        private Context context;
        private ViewGroup adUiContainer;
    
        private String fallbackUrl;
        private Logger logger;
    
        public SampleAdsWrapper(Context context, SampleVideoPlayer videoPlayer,
                                ViewGroup adUiContainer) {
            this.videoPlayer = videoPlayer;
            this.context = context;
            this.adUiContainer = adUiContainer;
            sdkFactory = ImaSdkFactory.getInstance();
            playerCallbacks = new ArrayList<>();
            createAdsLoader();
            displayContainer = sdkFactory.createStreamDisplayContainer(
                this.adUiContainer,
                videoStreamPlayer
            );
        }
    
        private void createAdsLoader() {
            ImaSdkSettings settings = new ImaSdkSettings();
            adsLoader = sdkFactory.createAdsLoader(context);
        }
    
        public void requestAndPlayAds() {
            adsLoader.addAdErrorListener(this);
            adsLoader.addAdsLoadedListener(this);
            adsLoader.requestStream(buildStreamRequest());
        }
    }
    
  2. buildStreamRequest() 方法新增至 AdsLoader,以便要求含廣告的串流。這可能是含有廣告的直播 (預設設定),或是含有廣告的隨選即播影片(VOD) 串流。如要啟用 VOD 串流,請將直播要求註解,並取消註解 VOD 串流要求。

    如要搭配使用 DAI,播放器必須將直播的 ID3 事件傳遞至 IMA DAI SDK。在以下程式碼範例中,這項操作是由 callback.onUserTextReceived() 方法執行。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    private StreamRequest buildStreamRequest() {
        VideoStreamPlayer videoStreamPlayer = createVideoStreamPlayer();
        videoPlayer.setSampleVideoPlayerCallback(
                new SampleVideoPlayer.SampleVideoPlayerCallback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onUserTextReceived(String userText) {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback :
                                playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onUserTextReceived(userText);
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onSeek(int windowIndex, long positionMs) {
                        // See if you would seek past an ad, and if so, jump back to it.
                        long newSeekPositionMs = positionMs;
                        if (streamManager != null) {
                            CuePoint prevCuePoint  =
                                    streamManager.getPreviousCuePointForStreamTime(positionMs / 1000);
                            if (prevCuePoint != null && !prevCuePoint.isPlayed()) {
                                newSeekPositionMs = (long) (prevCuePoint.getStartTime() * 1000);
                            }
                        }
                        videoPlayer.seekTo(windowIndex, newSeekPositionMs);
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onContentComplete() {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onContentComplete();
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onPause() {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onPause();
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onResume() {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onResume();
                        }
                    }
    
                    @Override
                    public void onVolumeChanged(int percentage) {
                        for (VideoStreamPlayer.VideoStreamPlayerCallback callback : playerCallbacks) {
                            callback.onVolumeChanged(percentage);
                        }
                    }
                });
    
        // Livestream request.
        StreamRequest request = sdkFactory.createLiveStreamRequest(
                TEST_ASSET_KEY, null, displayContainer);
    
        // VOD request. Comment the createLiveStreamRequest() line above and uncomment this
        // createVodStreamRequest() below to switch from a livestream to a VOD stream.
        // StreamRequest request = sdkFactory.createVodStreamRequest(TEST_CONTENT_SOURCE_ID,
        //        TEST_VIDEO_ID, null, displayContainer);
        return request;
    }
    
  3. 您還需要 VideoStreamPlayer 才能播放串流,因此請新增 createVideoStreamPlayer() 方法,該方法會建立實作 VideoStreamPlayer 的匿名類別。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    private VideoStreamPlayer createVideoStreamPlayer() {
        VideoStreamPlayer player = new VideoStreamPlayer() {
            @Override
            public void loadUrl(String url, List<HashMap<String, String>> subtitles) {
                videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(url);
                videoPlayer.play();
            }
    
            @Override
            public void addCallback(
                VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
                    playerCallbacks.add(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void removeCallback(
                VideoStreamPlayerCallback videoStreamPlayerCallback) {
                    playerCallbacks.remove(videoStreamPlayerCallback);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onAdBreakStarted() {
                // Disable player controls.
                videoPlayer.enableControls(false);
                log("Ad Break Started\n");
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onAdBreakEnded() {
                // Re-enable player controls.
                videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
                log("Ad Break Ended\n");
            }
    
            @Override
            public VideoProgressUpdate getContentProgress() {
                return new VideoProgressUpdate(videoPlayer.getCurrentPosition(),
                        videoPlayer.getDuration());
            }
    
            @Override
            public int getVolume() {
                return videoPlayer.getVolume();
            }
        };
        return player;
    }
    
  4. 實作必要的事件監聽器,並新增錯誤處理支援功能。

    請注意 AdErrorListener 實作方式,因為如果廣告無法播放,系統會呼叫備用網址。由於內容和廣告都在同一個串流中,如果動態廣告插播串流發生錯誤,您必須準備好呼叫備用串流。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    /** AdErrorListener implementation **/
    @Override
    public void onAdError(AdErrorEvent event) {
        // play fallback URL.
        videoPlayer.setStreamUrl(fallbackUrl);
        videoPlayer.enableControls(true);
        videoPlayer.play();
    }
    
    /** AdEventListener implementation **/
    @Override
    public void onAdEvent(AdEvent event) {
        switch (event.getType()) {
            case AD_PROGRESS:
                // Do nothing or else log are filled by these messages.
                break;
            default:
                log(String.format("Event: %s\n", event.getType()));
                break;
        }
    }
    
    /** AdsLoadedListener implementation **/
    @Override
    public void onAdsManagerLoaded(AdsManagerLoadedEvent event) {
        streamManager = event.getStreamManager();
        streamManager.addAdErrorListener(this);
        streamManager.addAdEventListener(this);
        streamManager.init();
    }
    
    /** Sets fallback URL in case ads stream fails. **/
    void setFallbackUrl(String url) {
        fallbackUrl = url;
    }
    
  5. 新增記錄程式碼。

    videoplayerapp/SampleAdsWrapper.java
    /** Sets logger for displaying events to screen. Optional. **/
    void setLogger(Logger logger) {
        this.logger = logger;
    }
    
    private void log(String message) {
        if (logger != null) {
            logger.log(message);
        }
    }
    
  6. 修改 videoplayerapp 中的 MyActivity,以便例項化並呼叫 SampleAdsWrapper

    videoplayerapp/MyActivity.java
    import android.view.ViewGroup;
    import android.widget.ScrollView;
    ...
    public class MyActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    ...
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_my);
            View rootView = findViewById(R.id.videoLayout);
            videoPlayer = new SampleVideoPlayer(rootView.getContext(),
                    (SimpleExoPlayerView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.playerView));
            videoPlayer.enableControls(false);
    
            final SampleAdsWrapper sampleAdsWrapper = new SampleAdsWrapper(this, videoPlayer,
                (ViewGroup) rootView.findViewById(R.id.adUiContainer));
            sampleAdsWrapper.setFallbackUrl(DEFAULT_STREAM_URL);
    
            final ScrollView scrollView = (ScrollView) findViewById(R.id.logScroll);
            final TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.logText);
    
            sampleAdsWrapper.setLogger(new SampleAdsWrapper.Logger() {
                @Override
                public void log(String logMessage) {
                    Log.i(APP_LOG_TAG, logMessage);
                    if (textView != null) {
                        textView.append(logMessage);
                    }
                    if (scrollView != null) {
                        scrollView.post(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                scrollView.fullScroll(View.FOCUS_DOWN);
                            }
                        });
                    }
                }
            });
    
            playButton = (ImageButton) rootView.findViewById(R.id.playButton);
            // Set up play button listener to play video then hide play button.
            playButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    sampleAdsWrapper.requestAndPlayAds();
                    playButton.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                }
            });
        }
    ...
    }
    
  7. 修改活動的版面配置檔案 activity_my.xml,新增用於記錄的 UI 元素。

    res/layout/activity_my.xml
    ...
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/playerDescription"
            android:text="@string/video_description"
            android:textAlignment="center"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="0.1"
            android:textSize="@dimen/font_size" />
        <!-- UI element for viewing SDK event log -->
        <ScrollView
            android:id="@+id/logScroll"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="0dp"
            android:layout_weight="0.5"
            android:padding="5dp"
            android:background="#DDDDDD">
    
            <TextView
                android:id="@+id/logText"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            </TextView>
        </ScrollView>
    ...
    

恭喜!您現在已在 Android 應用程式中要求及顯示影片廣告。如要微調導入方式,請參閱「書籤」、「Snapback」和 API 說明文件

疑難排解

如果您在播放影片廣告時遇到問題,請嘗試下載完成的 BasicExample。如果 BasicExample 運作正常,表示應用程式的 IMA 整合程式碼可能有問題。

如果問題仍未解決,請前往 IMA SDK 論壇