Penautan akun dengan Login dengan Google (Dialogflow)

Login dengan Google untuk Asisten memberikan pengalaman pengguna yang paling sederhana dan mudah bagi pengguna dan developer, baik untuk penautan akun maupun pembuatan akun. Tindakan Anda dapat meminta akses ke profil Google pengguna selama percakapan, termasuk nama, alamat email, dan foto profil pengguna.

Informasi profil dapat digunakan untuk membuat pengalaman pengguna yang dipersonalisasi dalam Action Anda. Jika Anda memiliki aplikasi di platform lain dan menggunakan Login dengan Google, Anda juga dapat menemukan dan menautkan ke akun pengguna yang ada, membuat akun baru, dan membuat saluran komunikasi langsung dengan pengguna.

Untuk melakukan penautan akun dengan Login dengan Google, Anda meminta pengguna untuk memberikan izin untuk mengakses profil Google mereka. Kemudian Anda menggunakan informasi di profil mereka, untuk misalnya alamat email mereka, untuk mengidentifikasi pengguna di sistem Anda.

Menerapkan penautan akun Login dengan Google

Ikuti langkah-langkah di bagian berikut untuk menambahkan penautan akun Login dengan Google ke {i>Action<i}.

Mengonfigurasi project

Untuk mengonfigurasi project Anda agar dapat menggunakan penautan akun Login dengan Google, ikuti langkah-langkah berikut:

  1. Buka Actions Console dan pilih project.
  2. Klik tab Develop dan pilih Account linking.
  3. Aktifkan tombol di samping Penautan akun.
  4. Di bagian Pembuatan akun, pilih Ya.

  5. Di Jenis penautan, pilih Login dengan Google.

  6. Buka Informasi Klien, lalu catat nilai ID Klien yang diterbitkan oleh Google untuk Action Anda.

  7. Klik Simpan.

Memulai alur autentikasi

Menggunakan intent bantuan Login Akun untuk memulai alur otentikasi.

Setelah pengguna mengizinkan tindakan Anda mengakses profil Google miliknya, Anda akan menerima token ID Google yang berisi informasi profil Google pengguna di setiap terhadap tindakan Anda.

Untuk mengakses informasi profil pengguna, Anda harus memvalidasi dan mendekode token terlebih dahulu dengan melakukan hal berikut:

  1. Gunakan library decoding JWT untuk bahasa Anda guna mendekode token, dan menggunakan kunci publik Google (tersedia di JWK atau format PEM) untuk memverifikasi tanda tangan token.
  2. Pastikan penerbit token (kolom iss dalam token yang didekode) adalah https://accounts.google.com dan bahwa audiens (kolom aud dalam token yang didekode) adalah nilai Client ID yang dikeluarkan oleh Google untuk Actions Anda, yang ditetapkan ke project Anda di konsol Actions on Google.

Berikut adalah contoh token yang didekode:

{
  "sub": 1234567890,        // The unique ID of the user's Google Account
  "iss": "https://accounts.google.com",        // The token's issuer
  "aud": "123-abc.apps.googleusercontent.com", // Client ID assigned to your Actions project
  "iat": 233366400,         // Unix timestamp of the token's creation time
  "exp": 233370000,         // Unix timestamp of the token's expiration time
  "name": "Jan Jansen",
  "given_name": "Jan",
  "family_name": "Jansen",
  "email": "jan@gmail.com", // If present, the user's email address
  "locale": "en_US"
}

Jika Anda menggunakan library klien Actions on Google untuk Node.js atau library klien Java, menangani validasi dan dekode token tersebut, serta memberi Anda akses ke konten profil, seperti yang ditampilkan dalam cuplikan kode berikut. Perlu diperhatikan bahwa JSON di bawah ini menjelaskan permintaan webhook untuk masing-masing Dialogflow dan Actions SDK.

Cuplikan berikut menggunakan Dialogflow untuk login:

Node.js
const {dialogflow, SignIn} = require('actions-on-google');
const app = dialogflow({
  // REPLACE THE PLACEHOLDER WITH THE CLIENT_ID OF YOUR ACTIONS PROJECT
  clientId: CLIENT_ID,
});

// Intent that starts the account linking flow.
app.intent('Start Signin', (conv) => {
  conv.ask(new SignIn('To get your account details'));
});
// Create a Dialogflow intent with the `actions_intent_SIGN_IN` event.
app.intent('Get Signin', (conv, params, signin) => {
  if (signin.status === 'OK') {
    const payload = conv.user.profile.payload;
    conv.ask(`I got your account details, ${payload.name}. What do you want to do next?`);
  } else {
    conv.ask(`I won't be able to save your data, but what do you want to do next?`);
  }
});
Java
private String clientId = "<your_client_id>";

@ForIntent("Start Signin")
public ActionResponse text(ActionRequest request) {
  ResponseBuilder rb = getResponseBuilder(request);
  return rb.add(new SignIn().setContext("To get your account details")).build();
}
@ForIntent("actions.intent.SIGN_IN")
public ActionResponse getSignInStatus(ActionRequest request) {
  ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
  if (request.isSignInGranted()) {
    GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = getUserProfile(request.getUser().getIdToken());
    responseBuilder.add(
        "I got your account details, "
            + profile.get("given_name")
            + ". What do you want to do next?");
  } else {
    responseBuilder.add("I won't be able to save your data, but what do you want to do next?");
  }
  return responseBuilder.build();
}

private GoogleIdToken.Payload getUserProfile(String idToken) {
  GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = null;
  try {
    profile = decodeIdToken(idToken);
  } catch (Exception e) {
    LOGGER.error("error decoding idtoken");
    LOGGER.error(e.toString());
  }
  return profile;
}

private GoogleIdToken.Payload decodeIdToken(String idTokenString)
    throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
  HttpTransport transport = GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport();
  JacksonFactory jsonFactory = JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance();
  GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifier =
      new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(transport, jsonFactory)
          // Specify the CLIENT_ID of the app that accesses the backend:
          .setAudience(Collections.singletonList(clientId))
          .build();
  GoogleIdToken idToken = verifier.verify(idTokenString);
  return idToken.getPayload();
}
JSON Dialogflow
{
  "responseId": "",
  "queryResult": {
    "queryText": "",
    "action": "",
    "parameters": {},
    "allRequiredParamsPresent": true,
    "fulfillmentText": "",
    "fulfillmentMessages": [],
    "outputContexts": [],
    "intent": {
      "name": "Get Signin",
      "displayName": "Get Signin"
    },
    "intentDetectionConfidence": 1,
    "diagnosticInfo": {},
    "languageCode": ""
  },
  "originalDetectIntentRequest": {
    "source": "google",
    "version": "2",
    "payload": {
      "isInSandbox": true,
      "surface": {
        "capabilities": [
          {
            "name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
          },
          {
            "name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
          },
          {
            "name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
          },
          {
            "name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
          }
        ]
      },
      "inputs": [
        {
          "rawInputs": [],
          "intent": "",
          "arguments": [
            {
              "name": "SIGN_IN",
              "extension": {
                "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.SignInValue",
                "status": "OK"
              }
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "user": {
        "idToken": "peJaCGci..."
      },
      "conversation": {},
      "availableSurfaces": [
        {
          "capabilities": [
            {
              "name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
            },
            {
              "name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
            },
            {
              "name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
            },
            {
              "name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "session": ""
}

Cuplikan berikut menggunakan Actions SDK untuk login:

Node.js
const {actionssdk, SignIn} = require('actions-on-google');
const app = actionssdk({
  // REPLACE THE PLACEHOLDER WITH THE CLIENT_ID OF YOUR ACTIONS PROJECT
  clientId: CLIENT_ID,
});

// Intent that starts the account linking flow.
app.intent('actions.intent.TEXT', (conv) => {
  conv.ask(new SignIn('To get your account details'));
});
// Create an Actions SDK intent with the `actions_intent_SIGN_IN` event.
app.intent('actions.intent.SIGN_IN', (conv, params, signin) => {
  if (signin.status === 'OK') {
    const payload = conv.user.profile.payload;
    conv.ask(`I got your account details, ${payload.name}. What do you want to do next?`);
  } else {
    conv.ask(`I won't be able to save your data, but what do you want to do next?`);
  }
});
Java
private String clientId = "<your_client_id>";

@ForIntent("actions.intent.TEXT")
public ActionResponse text(ActionRequest request) {
  ResponseBuilder rb = getResponseBuilder(request);
  return rb.add(new SignIn().setContext("To get your account details")).build();
}
@ForIntent("actions.intent.SIGN_IN")
public ActionResponse getSignInStatus(ActionRequest request) {
  ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
  if (request.isSignInGranted()) {
    GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = getUserProfile(request.getUser().getIdToken());
    responseBuilder.add(
        "I got your account details, "
            + profile.get("given_name")
            + ". What do you want to do next?");
  } else {
    responseBuilder.add("I won't be able to save your data, but what do you want to do next?");
  }
  return responseBuilder.build();
}

private GoogleIdToken.Payload getUserProfile(String idToken) {
  GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = null;
  try {
    profile = decodeIdToken(idToken);
  } catch (Exception e) {
    LOGGER.error("error decoding idtoken");
    LOGGER.error(e.toString());
  }
  return profile;
}

private GoogleIdToken.Payload decodeIdToken(String idTokenString)
    throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
  HttpTransport transport = GoogleNetHttpTransport.newTrustedTransport();
  JacksonFactory jsonFactory = JacksonFactory.getDefaultInstance();
  GoogleIdTokenVerifier verifier =
      new GoogleIdTokenVerifier.Builder(transport, jsonFactory)
          // Specify the CLIENT_ID of the app that accesses the backend:
          .setAudience(Collections.singletonList(this.clientId))
          .build();
  GoogleIdToken idToken = verifier.verify(idTokenString);
  return idToken.getPayload();
}
JSON Actions SDK
{
  "user": {
    "idToken": "peJaCGci..."
  },
  "device": {},
  "surface": {
    "capabilities": [
      {
        "name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
      },
      {
        "name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
      },
      {
        "name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
      },
      {
        "name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
      }
    ]
  },
  "conversation": {},
  "inputs": [
    {
      "rawInputs": [],
      "intent": "actions.intent.SIGN_IN",
      "arguments": [
        {
          "name": "SIGN_IN",
          "extension": {
            "@type": "type.googleapis.com/google.actions.v2.SignInValue",
            "status": "OK"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "availableSurfaces": [
    {
      "capabilities": [
        {
          "name": "actions.capability.SCREEN_OUTPUT"
        },
        {
          "name": "actions.capability.AUDIO_OUTPUT"
        },
        {
          "name": "actions.capability.MEDIA_RESPONSE_AUDIO"
        },
        {
          "name": "actions.capability.WEB_BROWSER"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Menangani permintaan akses data

Untuk menangani permintaan akses data, cukup verifikasi bahwa pengguna ditegaskan oleh ID Google token ini sudah ada dalam database Anda. Cuplikan kode berikut menunjukkan contoh cara memeriksa apakah akun pengguna sudah ada di database Firestore.

Node.js
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
const functions = require('firebase-functions');
admin.initializeApp();
const auth = admin.auth();
const db = admin.firestore();

// Save the user in the Firestore DB after successful signin
app.intent('Get Sign In', async (conv, params, signin) => {
  if (signin.status !== 'OK') {
    return conv.close(`Let's try again next time.`);
  }
  const color = conv.data[Fields.COLOR];
  const {email} = conv.user;
  if (!conv.data.uid && email) {
    try {
      conv.data.uid = (await auth.getUserByEmail(email)).uid;
    } catch (e) {
      if (e.code !== 'auth/user-not-found') {
        throw e;
      }
      // If the user is not found, create a new Firebase auth user
      // using the email obtained from the Google Assistant
      conv.data.uid = (await auth.createUser({email})).uid;
    }
  }
  if (conv.data.uid) {
    conv.user.ref = db.collection('users').doc(conv.data.uid);
  }
  conv.close(`I saved ${color} as your favorite color for next time.`);
});

// Retrieve the user's favorite color if an account exists, ask if it doesn't.
app.intent('Default Welcome Intent', async (conv) => {
  const {payload} = conv.user.profile;
  const name = payload ? ` ${payload.given_name}` : '';
  conv.ask(`Hi${name}!`);
  // conv.user.ref contains the id of the record for the user in a Firestore DB
  if (conv.user.ref) {
    const doc = await conv.user.ref.get();
    if (doc.exists) {
      const color = doc.data()[Fields.COLOR];
      return conv.ask(`Your favorite color was ${color}. ` +
        'Tell me a color to update it.');
    }
  }
  conv.ask(`What's your favorite color?`);
});
Java
private class FirestoreManager {
  private final Firestore db;
  private final DocumentReference userDocRef;
  private final String uid;
  public FirestoreManager(String databaseUrl, String email)
      throws IOException, FirebaseAuthException {
    if (FirebaseApp.getApps().isEmpty()) {
      // Use the application default credentials (works on GCP based hosting).
      FirebaseOptions options =
          new FirebaseOptions.Builder()
              .setCredentials(GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault())
              .setDatabaseUrl(databaseUrl)
              .build();
      FirebaseApp.initializeApp(options);
    }
    this.db = FirestoreClient.getFirestore();
    UserRecord userRecord;
    try {
      userRecord = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getUserByEmail(email);
    } catch (FirebaseAuthException e) {
      if (e.getErrorCode() == FIREBASE_USER_NOT_FOUND_ERROR) {
        UserRecord.CreateRequest createRequest = new UserRecord.CreateRequest().setEmail(email);
        userRecord = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().createUser(createRequest);
      } else {
        throw e;
      }
    }
    uid = userRecord.getUid();
    userDocRef = db.collection(FIRESTORE_USERS_PATH).document(uid);
  }

  public String readUserColor() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
    ApiFuture<DocumentSnapshot> future = userDocRef.get();
    // future.get() blocks on response
    DocumentSnapshot document = future.get();
    if (document.exists()) {
      return document.get(COLOR_KEY).toString();
    } else {
      return "";
    }
  }
  public Timestamp writeUserColor(String color) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
    Map<String, Object> docData = new HashMap<>();
    docData.put(COLOR_KEY, color);
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = userDocRef.set(docData);
    // future.get() blocks on response
    return future.get().getUpdateTime();
  }
}

@ForIntent("Get Sign In")
public ActionResponse getSignIn(ActionRequest request) {
  LOGGER.info("Get sign in intent start.");
  ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = getResponseBuilder(request);
  if (request.isSignInGranted()) {
    String color = request.getConversationData().get(COLOR_KEY).toString();
    GoogleIdToken.Payload profile = getUserProfile(request.getUser().getIdToken());
    try {
      FirestoreManager firestoreManager =
          new FirestoreManager(DATABASE_URL, profile.getEmail());
      saveColor(firestoreManager, color);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      LOGGER.error(e.toString());
    }
    responseBuilder
        .add("I saved " + color + " as your favorite color for next time.")
        .endConversation();
  } else {
    responseBuilder.add("Let's try again next time");
  }
  LOGGER.info("Get sign in intent end.");
  return responseBuilder.build();
}

private void saveColor(FirestoreManager firestoreManager, String color) {
  try {
    Timestamp updateTime = firestoreManager.writeUserColor(color);
    LOGGER.info(String.format("Update time: %s", updateTime.toString()));
  } catch (Exception e) {
    LOGGER.error(e.toString());
  }
}