在典型的 Actions on Google 互动场景中,用户通过说出指令来调用 Action。为了提供响应,Actions on Google 会查找与用户调用的 Action 匹配的执行方式,并在其中发送请求。
一旦 Actions on Google 确定您的执行方式与用户调用的匹配情况合适,它就会向执行方式端点发送一个包含 JSON 载荷以及用户请求信息的 HTTP 请求,从而启动对话会话。您的执行方式会解析请求并返回包含 JSON 载荷的响应。然后,Actions on Google 会将该载荷转换为向用户呈现的语音和多媒体输出。
图 1. Actions on Google 通过 Actions SDK 调用您的执行方式。
如需详细了解 Actions on Google 通过 Actions SDK 调用执行方式时的 JSON 载荷格式,请参阅对话网络钩子格式。
Dialogflow 请求和响应
创建 Action 时,您可以选择使用 Dialogflow 来简化构建对话界面的任务。在这种情况下,Dialogflow 充当 Actions on Google 与您的 fulfillment 之间的代理。Actions on Google 会将 HTTP/JSON 请求发送到 Dialogflow,而不是将其直接发送到您的执行方式端点。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-07-28。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eActions on Google communicates with your fulfillment service through webhooks, sending JSON payloads that describe user requests.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eYour fulfillment service needs to process these requests, generate appropriate JSON responses, and send them back to the Assistant.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThere are two main webhook formats: Dialogflow webhook format and Conversation webhook format, depending on whether you use Dialogflow or Actions SDK.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eWebhooks can handle different request types like invocation requests, conversation requests, and helper results, each with specific JSON structures.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eDialogflow can act as a proxy between Actions on Google and your fulfillment, handling the communication and format conversions.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["Actions on Google uses webhooks to communicate with fulfillment services, sending HTTP POST requests with JSON payloads. Fulfillment services must parse these requests and respond with appropriately formatted JSON. There are two main webhook formats: Dialogflow and Conversation, corresponding to whether Dialogflow acts as a proxy. Webhook requests can be invocations, conversation turns, or helper results. The fulfillment reads parameters from the request payload and sends a reply back to the Assistant.\n"],null,["# Actions on Google webhook formats (Dialogflow)\n\nThis document describes the webhook format for communicating between Actions on Google\nand a fulfillment service that defines a custom [conversational user interface](/assistant/df-asdk/design).\n| **Note:** If you have a Node.js backend server, we strongly encourage you to use the [Actions on Google Node.js client library](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/nodejsv2/overview) to simplify creating your webhook. The client library provides a wrapper for the webhook format. If you prefer to roll your own backend implementation without using the client library, your backend is responsible for consuming and processing the JSON messages sent by Actions on Google via HTTP POST.\n\nIt's important to understand how Actions on Google and your fulfillment communicate\nthrough the Actions on Google webhook formats:\n\n- To participate in conversations with Actions on Google, your fulfillment implements a [webhook](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webhook) that can respond to HTTP requests from Actions on Google.\n- When users invoke your Action, your fulfillment receives an [`HTTP POST`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POST_(HTTP)) with a JSON payload that describes the user's request.\n- In turn, your fulfillment is responsible for reading the parameters from the request payload, generating an appropriate JSON formatted response, and sending a reply to the Assistant with this response.\n\n| **Key Terms:**\n|\n| - **Dialogflow webhook format:** JSON payload format when Actions on Google invokes your fulfillment through [Dialogflow](//dialogflow.com/).\n| - **Conversation webhook format:** JSON payload format when Actions on Google invokes your fulfillment through the [Actions SDK](/assistant/df-asdk/actions-sdk).\n\nRequest types\n-------------\n\nThis table summarizes the types of requests that your webhook might receive\nfrom the Assistant:\n\n| Type | Description | JSON Examples |\n|-----------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| Invocation requests | User utterances that initiate the conversation with your fulfillment or trigger deep-link Actions (for example, *\"Talk to Personal Chef to find dinner recipes\"* ). - If using Dialogflow, these requests correspond to the intents defined in the **Discovery** section of the **Google Assistant** integration settings. - If using the Actions SDK, these requests correspond to the intents defined in your [Action package](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/action-package/rest/Shared.Types/ActionPackage). | - [Dialogflow webhook](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/dialogflow-webhook-json#simple-invocation-request-example-df) - [Conversation webhook](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/conversation-webhook-json#simple-invocation-request-example-conv) |\n| Conversation requests | Utterances by users in the same session once the conversation with your fulfillment has started. In the conversation webhook format, these are the raw text responses from the user corresponding to `actions.intent.TEXT` intents that your fulfillment requested in the previous turn. | - [Dialogflow webhook](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/dialogflow-webhook-json#simple-conversation-request-example-df) - [Conversation webhook](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/conversation-webhook-json#simple-conversation-request-example-conv) |\n| Helper results | Requests sent by the Assistant to your fulfillment when your webhook has requested a [helper intent](/assistant/df-asdk/helpers) in the previous turn of the conversation to handle parts of the conversation (for example, `actions.intent.OPTION` and `actions.intent.PERMISSION`). | - [Dialogflow webhook](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/dialogflow-webhook-json#helper-result-example-df) - [Conversation webhook](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/conversation-webhook-json#helper-example-conv) |\n\nConversation requests and responses\n-----------------------------------\n\nIn a typical Actions on Google interaction scenario, users utter a phrase to invoke an\nAction. To provide a response, Actions on Google finds the fulfillment that matches the\nAction invoked by the user and sends the request there.\n\nOnce Actions on Google establishes that your fulfillment is a suitable match for the\nuser's invocation, it starts a conversation session by sending an HTTP request\nthat contains a JSON payload with the user's request information to your\nfulfillment endpoint. Your fulfillment parses the request and returns a response\nthat contains a JSON payload. Actions on Google then converts the payload into rendered\nspeech and multimedia output for users.\n**Figure 1.** Actions on Google invoking your fulfillment through the Actions SDK.\n\nTo learn more about the format of the JSON payload when Actions on Google invokes your\nfulfillment through the Actions SDK, see [Conversation webhook format](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/conversation-webhook-json).\n\nDialogflow requests and responses\n---------------------------------\n\nWhen you create Actions, you can optionally use Dialogflow to simplify the\ntask of building conversational interfaces. In this scenario, Dialogflow acts as\na proxy between Actions on Google and your fulfillment. Instead of sending the HTTP/JSON\nrequest directly to your fulfillment endpoint, Actions on Google sends it to\nDialogflow.\n\nDialogflow wraps the JSON payload contained in the original request into the\nDialogflow webhook format, and forwards the resulting request to your Dialogflow\nfulfillment.\n\nConversely, when your fulfillment sends a response to Dialogflow, the JSON\npayload of the response must comply with the Dialogflow webhook format. Your\nfulfillment parses the parameters from the Dialogflow JSON request, and\ngenerates a response in the Dialogflow webhook format. Dialogflow then converts\nthe response from your fulfillment into a response message that the Assistant\nunderstands.\n**Figure 2.** Actions on Google invoking your fulfillment through Dialogflow.\n\nTo learn more about the format of the JSON payload when Actions on Google invokes your\nfulfillment through Dialogflow, see [Dialogflow webhook format](/assistant/df-asdk/reference/dialogflow-webhook-json)."]]