Subir contenido multimedia como archivo adjunto
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En esta guía, se explica cómo usar el método upload
en el recurso Media
de la API de Google Chat para subir contenido multimedia (un archivo) a Google Chat y, luego, adjuntarlo a un mensaje.
Cuando el usuario envía un mensaje a tu app, Google Chat envía un evento de interacción MESSAGE
.
El evento de interacción que recibe tu app incluye un cuerpo de solicitud, que es la carga útil de JSON que representa el evento de interacción, incluidos los archivos adjuntos. Los datos del adjunto varían según si el adjunto es contenido subido (un archivo local) o un archivo almacenado en Drive. El recurso Media
representa un archivo subido a Google Chat, como imágenes, videos y documentos.
El recurso Attachment
representa una instancia de contenido multimedia (un archivo) adjunta a un mensaje. El recurso Attachment
incluye los metadatos sobre el adjunto, como dónde se guardó.
Requisitos previos
Subir como archivo adjunto
Para subir contenido multimedia y adjuntarlo a un mensaje, pasa lo siguiente en tu solicitud:
- Especifica el alcance de autorización
chat.messages.create
o chat.messages
.
- Llama a los siguientes métodos de Google Chat:
- Para subir el archivo, llama al método
upload
en el recurso Media
.
- Establece
parent
en el nombre del espacio que aloja el archivo.
- En
body
(el cuerpo de la solicitud), configura filename
como el nombre del archivo adjunto cargado.
- Establece
media_body
como una instancia del archivo que se subirá.
- Para crear un mensaje con el archivo subido adjunto, llama al método
create
en el recurso Messages
.
En el siguiente ejemplo, se sube un archivo de imagen PNG y se adjunta a un mensaje.
Python
- En tu directorio de trabajo, crea un archivo llamado
chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py
.
Incluye el siguiente código en chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py
:
from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from googleapiclient.http import MediaFileUpload
# Define your app's authorization scopes.
# When modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json, if it exists.
SCOPES = ["https://www.googleapis.com/auth/chat.messages.create"]
def main():
'''
Authenticates with Chat API via user credentials,
then uploads a file as media, creates a message, and
attaches the file to the message.
'''
# Authenticate with Google Workspace
# and get user authorization.
flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(
'credentials.json', SCOPES)
creds = flow.run_local_server()
# Build a service endpoint for Chat API.
service = build('chat', 'v1', credentials=creds)
# Upload a file to Google Chat.
media = MediaFileUpload('test_image.png', mimetype='image/png')
# Create a message and attach the uploaded file to it.
attachment_uploaded = service.media().upload(
# The space to upload the attachment in.
#
# Replace SPACE with a space name.
# Obtain the space name from the spaces resource of Chat API,
# or from a space's URL.
parent='spaces/SPACE',
# The filename of the attachment, including the file extension.
body={'filename': 'test_image.png'},
# Media resource of the attachment.
media_body=media
).execute()
print(attachment_uploaded)
# Create a Chat message with attachment.
result = service.spaces().messages().create(
# The space to create the message in.
#
# Replace SPACE with a space name.
# Obtain the space name from the spaces resource of Chat API,
# or from a space's URL.
#
# Must match the space name that the attachment is uploaded to.
parent='spaces/SPACE',
# The message to create.
body={
'text': 'Hello, world!',
'attachment': [attachment_uploaded]
}
).execute()
print(result)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
En el código, reemplaza SPACE
por el nombre del espacio en el que se subirá el adjunto, que puedes obtener del método spaces.list
de la API de Chat o de la URL de un espacio.
En tu directorio de trabajo, compila y ejecuta la muestra:
python3 chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py
La API de Chat devuelve un cuerpo de respuesta que contiene attachmentDataRef
con detalles sobre el archivo subido.
Límites y consideraciones
Cuando te prepares para subir archivos y adjuntarlos a mensajes, ten en cuenta estos límites y consideraciones:
Salvo que se indique lo contrario, el contenido de esta página está sujeto a la licencia Atribución 4.0 de Creative Commons, y los ejemplos de código están sujetos a la licencia Apache 2.0. Para obtener más información, consulta las políticas del sitio de Google Developers. Java es una marca registrada de Oracle o sus afiliados.
Última actualización: 2025-08-04 (UTC)
[null,null,["Última actualización: 2025-08-04 (UTC)"],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis guide demonstrates how to upload a file to Google Chat and attach it to a message using the \u003ccode\u003eupload\u003c/code\u003e method of the \u003ccode\u003eMedia\u003c/code\u003e resource and the \u003ccode\u003ecreate\u003c/code\u003e method of the \u003ccode\u003eMessages\u003c/code\u003e resource.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eYou'll need a Google Workspace account, a Google Cloud project, and the Google Chat API enabled to follow the steps outlined in this guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe provided Python code sample requires specific authorization scopes and utilizes the Google API Client Library for interaction with the Chat API.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eFile uploads are limited to 200 MB and certain file types are blocked; messages with attachments cannot include accessory widgets.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["To upload and attach a file to a Google Chat message using the Chat API, first, call the `upload` method on the `Media` resource. Set the space name as the `parent`, the file name, and `media_body` with the file instance. Then, use the `create` method on the `Messages` resource to send a message, including the `attachment` field, set as the response from the `upload` method. File size should not exceed 200MB and some file types are not supported.\n"],null,["# Upload media as a file attachment\n\nThis guide explains how to use the `upload` method on the `Media` resource of\nthe Google Chat API to upload media (a file) to Google Chat and then attach it to\na message.\n\nWhen the user sends a message to your app, Google Chat dispatches a\n[`MESSAGE` interaction event](/workspace/chat/events#message).\nThe interaction event received by your app includes a request body, which is the\nJSON payload representing the interaction event, including any attachments. The\ndata in the attachment is different depending on whether the attachment is\nuploaded content (a local file) or is a file stored on Drive. The\n[`Media` resource](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media)\nrepresents a file uploaded to Google Chat, like images, videos, and documents.\nThe\n[`Attachment` resource](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces.messages.attachments)\nrepresents an instance of media---a file---attached to a message. The `Attachment`\nresource includes the metadata about the attachment, such as\nwhere it's saved.\n\nPrerequisites\n-------------\n\n\n### Python\n\n- A Business or Enterprise [Google Workspace](https://support.google.com/a/answer/6043576) account with access to [Google Chat](https://workspace.google.com/products/chat/).\n\n\u003c!-- --\u003e\n\n- Set up your environment:\n - [Create a Google Cloud project](/workspace/guides/create-project).\n - [Configure the OAuth consent screen](/workspace/guides/configure-oauth-consent).\n - [Enable and configure the Google Chat API](/workspace/chat/configure-chat-api) with a name, icon, and description for your Chat app.\n - Install the Python [Google API Client Library](/workspace/chat/libraries?tab=python#google-api-client-libraries).\n - [Create OAuth client ID credentials](/workspace/chat/authenticate-authorize-chat-user#step-2:) for a desktop application. To run the sample in this guide, save the credentials as a JSON file named `credentials.json` to your local directory.\n- [Choose an authorization scope](/workspace/chat/authenticate-authorize#asynchronous-chat-calls) that supports user authentication.\n\nUpload as a file attachment\n---------------------------\n\nTo upload media and attach it to a message, pass the following in your\nrequest::\n\n- Specify the `chat.messages.create` or `chat.messages` authorization scope.\n- Call the following Google Chat methods:\n 1. To upload the file, call the [`upload` method](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media/upload) on the [`Media`](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media) resource.\n - Set `parent` to the space name of the space that hosts the file.\n - In `body` (the request body), set `filename` to the name of the uploaded file attachment.\n - Set `media_body` as an instance of the file to be uploaded.\n 2. To create a message with the uploaded file attached, call the [`create` method](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces.messages/create) on the [`Messages` resource](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces.messages).\n - Set `attachment` as the response from calling the [`upload` method](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media/upload) on the [`Media` resource](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/media). The `attachment` field accepts a list.\n\nThe following example uploads a PNG image file and attaches it to a message. \n\n### Python\n\n1. In your working directory, create a file named `chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py`.\n2. Include the following code in `chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py`:\n\n from google_auth_oauthlib.flow import InstalledAppFlow\n from googleapiclient.discovery import build\n from googleapiclient.http import MediaFileUpload\n\n # Define your app's authorization scopes.\n # When modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json, if it exists.\n SCOPES = [\"https://www.googleapis.com/auth/chat.messages.create\"]\n\n def main():\n '''\n Authenticates with Chat API via user credentials,\n then uploads a file as media, creates a message, and\n attaches the file to the message.\n '''\n\n # Authenticate with Google Workspace\n # and get user authorization.\n flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file(\n 'credentials.json', SCOPES)\n creds = flow.run_local_server()\n\n # Build a service endpoint for Chat API.\n service = build('chat', 'v1', credentials=creds)\n\n # Upload a file to Google Chat.\n media = MediaFileUpload('test_image.png', mimetype='image/png')\n\n # Create a message and attach the uploaded file to it.\n attachment_uploaded = service.media().upload(\n\n # The space to upload the attachment in.\n #\n # Replace SPACE with a space name.\n # Obtain the space name from the spaces resource of Chat API,\n # or from a space's URL.\n parent='spaces/\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eSPACE\u003c/var\u003e',\n\n # The filename of the attachment, including the file extension.\n body={'filename': 'test_image.png'},\n\n # Media resource of the attachment.\n media_body=media\n\n ).execute()\n\n print(attachment_uploaded)\n\n # Create a Chat message with attachment.\n result = service.spaces().messages().create(\n\n # The space to create the message in.\n #\n # Replace SPACE with a space name.\n # Obtain the space name from the spaces resource of Chat API,\n # or from a space's URL.\n #\n # Must match the space name that the attachment is uploaded to.\n parent='spaces/\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eSPACE\u003c/var\u003e',\n\n # The message to create.\n body={\n 'text': 'Hello, world!',\n 'attachment': [attachment_uploaded]\n }\n\n ).execute()\n\n print(result)\n\n if __name__ == '__main__':\n main()\n\n3. In the code, replace \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eSPACE\u003c/var\u003e with the space name to\n upload the attachment in, which you can obtain from the\n [`spaces.list` method](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces/list)\n in the Chat API, or from a space's URL.\n\n4. In your working directory, build and run the sample:\n\n python3 chat_media_and_attachment_upload.py\n\nThe Chat API returns a response body containing\n`attachmentDataRef` with details about the uploaded file.\n\nLimits and considerations\n-------------------------\n\nAs you prepare to upload files and attach them to messages, take note of these\nlimits and considerations:\n\n- You can upload file sizes up to 200 MB.\n- Some file types aren't supported, and can't be uploaded. For details, see [File types blocked in Google Chat](https://support.google.com/chat/answer/7651457?&co=GENIE.Platform%3DDesktop#File%20types%20blocked%20in%20Google%20Chat).\n- Your message must omit [accessory widgets](/workspace/chat/api/reference/rest/v1/spaces.messages#Message.FIELDS.accessory_widgets).\n\nRelated topics\n--------------\n\n- [Download media as a file attachment](/workspace/chat/download-media-attachments)\n- [Get metadata about a message attachment](/workspace/chat/get-media-attachments)"]]