个人资料页面 (ProfilePage
) 结构化数据
ProfilePage
标记适用于创作者(个人或组织)分享第一手观点的任何网站。添加此标记有助于 Google 搜索了解在线社区中的创作者,并在搜索结果中显示该社区中的优质内容,包括讨论与论坛功能。
其他结构化数据功能也可以链接到带有 ProfilePage
标记的网页。例如文章和食谱结构化数据具有作者,论坛和问答页面结构化数据中经常会有多个作者。
How to add structured data
Structured data is a standardized format for providing information about a page and classifying the page content. If you're new to structured data, you can learn more about how structured data works.
Here's an overview of how to build, test, and release structured data.
- Add the required properties. Based on the format you're using, learn where to insert structured data on the page.
- Follow the guidelines.
- Validate your code using the Rich Results Test and fix any critical errors. Consider also fixing any non-critical issues that may be flagged in the tool, as they can help improve the quality of your structured data (however, this isn't necessary to be eligible for rich results).
- Deploy a few pages that include your structured data and use the URL Inspection tool to test how Google sees the page. Be sure that your page is
accessible to Google and not blocked by a robots.txt file, the
noindex
tag, or login requirements. If the page looks okay, you can ask Google to recrawl your URLs. - To keep Google informed of future changes, we recommend that you submit a sitemap. You can automate this with the Search Console Sitemap API.
示例
下面是一个带有标记的个人资料页面的示例:
<html> <head> <title>Angelo Huff on Cool Forum Platform</title> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "ProfilePage", "dateCreated": "2024-12-23T12:34:00-05:00", "dateModified": "2024-12-26T14:53:00-05:00", "mainEntity": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Angelo Huff", "alternateName": "ahuff23", "identifier": "123475623", "interactionStatistic": [{ "@type": "InteractionCounter", "interactionType": "https://schema.org/FollowAction", "userInteractionCount": 1 },{ "@type": "InteractionCounter", "interactionType": "https://schema.org/LikeAction", "userInteractionCount": 5 }], "agentInteractionStatistic": { "@type": "InteractionCounter", "interactionType": "https://schema.org/WriteAction", "userInteractionCount": 2346 }, "description": "Defender of Truth", "image": "https://example.com/avatars/ahuff23.jpg", "sameAs": [ "https://www.example.com/real-angelo", "https://example.com/profile/therealangelohuff" ] } } </script> </head> <body> </body> </html>
<html> <head> <title>Angelo Huff on Cool Forum Platform</title> </head> <body itemtype="https://schema.org/ProfilePage" itemscope> <meta itemprop="dateCreated" content="2024-12-23T12:34:00-05:00" /> <meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2024-12-26T14:53:00-05:00" /> <div itemprop="mainEntity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope> <div><span itemprop="alternateName" id="handle">ahuff23</span> (<span itemprop="name" id="real-name">Angelo Huff</span>)</div> <meta itemprop="identifier" content="123475623" /> <div itemprop="description">Defender of Truth</div> <img itemprop="image" src="https://example.com/avatars/ahuff23.jpg" /> <div>Links: <a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://www.therealangelohuff.com">Home Page</a><br> <a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://example.com/profile/therealangelohuff">Other Social Media Site</a></div> <div><span itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter" itemscope> <span itemprop="userInteractionCount">5</span> <span itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/LikeAction">likes</span> </span>, <span itemprop="interactionStatistic" itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter" itemscope> <span itemprop="userInteractionCount">1</span> <span itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/FollowAction">follower</span> </span>, and <span itemprop="agentInteractionStatistic" itemtype="https://schema.org/InteractionCounter" itemscope> <span itemprop="userInteractionCount">2346</span> <span itemprop="interactionType" content="https://schema.org/WriteAction">posts</span> </span> </div> </div> </body> </html>
指南
若要使您的个人资料页面结构化数据能够在 Google 搜索中使用,您必须遵循以下指南:
内容指南
- 页面的重点必须是与整个网站有关联的单个个人或组织。下面列举了个人资料页面的一些示例:
有效用例:
- 论坛或社交媒体网站上的用户个人资料页面
- 新闻网站上的作者页面
- 博客网站上的“关于我”页面
- 公司网站上的员工页面
无效用例:
- 商店的首页(通常包含大量非商家资料信息)
- 组织评价网站(组织与该网站无关联)
技术指南
如果个人资料页面还包含创作者的近期活动,您可以在这些对象上使用网址添加标记,以便引用包含完整内容和标记的页面。例如,下面是一种可能的标记结构:
{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "ProfilePage", "mainEntity": { "@id": "#main-author", "@type": "Person", "name": "Marlo Smith" }, "hasPart": [{ "@type": "Article", "headline": "Things to see in NJ", "url": "https://example.com/things-to-see-nj", "datePublished": "2014-02-23T18:34:00Z", "author": { "@id": "#main-author" } }] }
不同结构化数据类型的定义
若要使您的结构化数据能够在搜索结果中显示,您必须为其添加必需属性。您还可添加建议属性,以便加入与个人资料页面相关的更多信息,进而提供更优质的用户体验。
ProfilePage
如需了解 ProfilePage
的完整定义,请访问 schema.org/ProfilePage。
必要属性 | |
---|---|
mainEntity
|
此个人资料页面所涉及的个人或组织。这指明此页面的重点是有关此实体的信息。 如果可以获得相应信息(也就是说,如果您知道相应页面是代表个人还是组织),请尝试使用正确的类型;否则默认使用 |
建议属性 | |
---|---|
dateCreated |
个人资料的创建日期和时间(如果适用),采用 ISO 8601 日期格式。 |
dateModified |
个人资料中信息的修改日期和时间(如果适用),采用 ISO 8601 日期格式。理想情况下,这仅表示由人工修改的个人资料元数据更改;例如,向引用此个人资料的位置添加额外的出链不会构成修改。 |
Person
或 Organization
schema.org/Person 和 schema.org/Organization 都具有 Google 使用的常见属性。
必要属性 | |
---|---|
name |
个人或组织的主要识别方式。我们建议针对真实姓名使用此字段(对于社交媒体标识名,请使用 |
建议属性 | |
---|---|
agentInteractionStatistic |
有关个人资料页面实体自身行为的用户统计数据(如果适用)。
Google 可识别以下
|
alternateName |
备用的公开标识符(如果适用)。例如,如果在 |
description |
用户的署名或适用凭证(如果适用)。 |
identifier |
您的网站中使用的任何唯一标识符(如果适用)。它可以是一个内部数据库 ID,您的网站使用该 ID 来识别用户(即使用户的社交媒体标识名发生了更改)。 |
image |
创作者个人资料图片的网址或 其他的图片指南:
例如: "image": [ "https://example.com/photos/1x1/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/4x3/photo.jpg", "https://example.com/photos/16x9/photo.jpg" ] |
interactionStatistic |
应用到个人资料页面实体的用户统计数据(如果适用)。请仅包含托管个人资料页面的平台的相关统计数据(请勿提及创作者在其首页上也有 10 万关注者)。
Google 可识别以下
|
sameAs |
其他外部个人资料的网址,或个人资料首页的网址(如果适用)。 |
使用 Search Console 监控富媒体搜索结果
Search Console 是一款工具,可帮助您监控网页在 Google 搜索结果中的显示效果。即使没有注册 Search Console,您的网页也可能会显示在 Google 搜索结果中,但注册 Search Console 能够帮助您了解 Google 如何查看您的网站并做出相应的改进。建议您在以下情况下查看 Search Console:
首次部署结构化数据后
等 Google 将网页编入索引后,请在相关的富媒体搜索结果状态报告中查看是否存在问题。 理想情况下,有效项目数量会增加,而无效项目数量不会增加。如果您发现结构化数据存在问题,请执行以下操作:
发布新模板或更新代码后
如果对网站进行重大更改,请监控结构化数据无效项目的增幅。- 如果您发现无效项目增多了,可能是因为您推出的某个新模板无法正常工作,或者您的网站以一种新的错误方式与现有模板交互。
- 如果您发现有效项目减少了(但无效项目的增加情况并不对应),可能是因为您的网页中未再嵌入结构化数据。请通过网址检查工具了解导致此问题的原因。
定期分析流量时
请使用效果报告分析您的 Google 搜索流量。数据将显示您的网页在 Google 搜索结果中显示为富媒体搜索结果的频率、用户点击该网页的频率以及网页在搜索结果中的平均排名。您还可以使用 Search Console API 自动提取这些结果。Troubleshooting
If you're having trouble implementing or debugging structured data, here are some resources that may help you.
- If you're using a content management system (CMS) or someone else is taking care of your site, ask them to help you. Make sure to forward any Search Console message that details the issue to them.
- Google does not guarantee that features that consume structured data will show up in search results. For a list of common reasons why Google may not show your content in a rich result, see the General Structured Data Guidelines.
- You might have an error in your structured data. Check the list of structured data errors and the Unparsable structured data report.
- If you received a structured data manual action against your page, the structured data on the page will be ignored (although the page can still appear in Google Search results). To fix structured data issues, use the Manual Actions report.
- Review the guidelines again to identify if your content isn't compliant with the guidelines. The problem can be caused by either spammy content or spammy markup usage. However, the issue may not be a syntax issue, and so the Rich Results Test won't be able to identify these issues.
- Troubleshoot missing rich results / drop in total rich results.
- Allow time for re-crawling and re-indexing. Remember that it may take several days after publishing a page for Google to find and crawl it. For general questions about crawling and indexing, check the Google Search crawling and indexing FAQ.
- Post a question in the Google Search Central forum.