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什麼是標準化？
標準化是指選取標準網址的程序，此網址能代表某一段內容。因此，「標準網址」是指 Google 從一組重複網頁中選出的最具代表性網頁的網址。這個程序經常稱為「簡化」作業，可讓 Google 在搜尋結果中針對重複內容只顯示一種版本。
網站含有重複內容的原因很多，包括：
-
地區變化版本：例如美國和英國的某個部分內容，可透過不同網址存取，但基本上是相同語言的相同內容
- 裝置變化版本：例如同時提供行動版和電腦版網頁
- 通訊協定變化版本：例如 HTTP 和 HTTPS 版本的網站
- 網站函式：例如套用類別網頁中排序與篩選功能的結果
- 意外變化版本：例如，檢索器不小心存取了網站的示範版本
網站上的部分重複內容屬於正常內容，沒有違反 Google 的垃圾內容政策。不過，如果有許多不同網址導向相同內容，可能造成使用者體驗不佳 (例如，使用者可能會想知道哪個網頁是正確的網頁，以及兩者之間是否有差異)，讓您更難追蹤「內容」在搜尋結果中的成效。
Google 如何建立索引及選擇標準網址
Google 為網頁建立索引時，會判定每個網頁的主要內容 (或「中央內容」)。如果 Google 發現多個網頁看似相同或主要內容十分類似，就會根據已建立索引的因素 (或「信號」) 挑選網頁，選擇對搜尋使用者而言，內容最完整實用的網頁做為標準網頁。為了減少在網站上的檢索工作量，標準網頁將會是檢索最頻繁的網頁，其他重複網頁的檢索頻率則較低。
有許多因素都會影響標準化作業，包括網頁是透過 HTTP 還是 HTTPS 提供、重新導向、Sitemap 中提供的網址，以及 rel="canonical" link 註解。您可以利用這些方式向 Google 告知您偏好的標準網頁，但 Google 仍可能基於各種原因選擇其他網頁。也就是說，指定標準網頁偏好是一種提示，而非規則。
一個網頁的不同語言版本只有在主要內容都是同一種語言時，才會視為重複網頁。也就是說，如果網頁只有標頭、註腳和其他次要文字經過翻譯，但主體部分仍是同一種語言，就會視為重複網頁。如要進一步瞭解如何設定本地化網站，請參閱我們的管理多語言和多地區版本的網站說明文件。
Google 在評估內容和品質時，會將標準網頁當做主要來源。Google 搜尋結果通常會指向標準網頁，除非有某個重複網頁更明確符合搜尋使用者的需要。舉例來說，當使用者透過行動裝置進行搜尋時，即使標準網頁是電腦版網頁，搜尋結果仍有可能指向行動版網頁。
請參閱這篇文章，進一步瞭解如何指定標準網址的偏好設定，以及是否需要這麼做。
除非另有註明，否則本頁面中的內容是採用創用 CC 姓名標示 4.0 授權，程式碼範例則為阿帕契 2.0 授權。詳情請參閱《Google Developers 網站政策》。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其關聯企業的註冊商標。
上次更新時間：2025-08-04 (世界標準時間)。
[null,null,["上次更新時間：2025-08-04 (世界標準時間)。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eCanonicalization is the process of choosing the best URL from a set of duplicate pages on a website.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eGoogle uses signals like HTTPS, sitemaps, and redirects to determine the canonical URL, aiming to show users the most relevant and complete version of a page.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eWhile website owners can suggest a preferred canonical URL, Google's algorithms may ultimately select a different URL based on various factors.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eDuplicate content arising from regional or device variations is common and not inherently problematic, but managing it can improve user experience and search performance.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eGoogle primarily uses the canonical version for content evaluation and search results, but may prioritize other versions (e.g., mobile) based on user context.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["Canonicalization is the process of selecting a representative URL for duplicate content. Google chooses the most complete and useful page as the canonical URL, indexing it more regularly. Duplicate pages may arise from region, device, protocol variants, site functions, or accidents. Factors like HTTP/HTTPS, redirects, sitemaps, and `rel=\"canonical\"` annotations influence Google's choice, though it can differ from site preferences. The canonical page is the primary source for content evaluation unless a duplicate better serves a user's specific context.\n"],null,["# What is URL Canonicalization | Google Search Central\n\nWhat is canonicalization\n========================\n\n\nCanonicalization is the process of selecting the representative\n--**canonical**-- URL of a piece of content. Consequently, a canonical\nURL is the URL of a page that Google chose as the most representative from a set of duplicate\npages. Often called deduplication, this process helps Google show only one version of the\notherwise duplicate content in its search results.\n\nThere are many reasons why a site may have duplicate content:\n\n- **Region variants**: for example, a piece of content for the USA and the UK, accessible from different URLs, but essentially the same content in the same language\n- **Device variants**: for example, a page with both a mobile and a desktop version\n- **Protocol variants**: for example, the HTTP and HTTPS versions of a site\n- **Site functions**: for example, the results of sorting and filtering functions of a category page\n- **Accidental variants**: for example, the demo version of the site is accidentally left accessible to crawlers\n\n\nSome duplicate content on a site is normal and it's not a violation of\n[Google's spam policies](/search/docs/essentials/spam-policies). However, having the\nsame content accessible through many different URLs can be a bad user experience (for example,\npeople might wonder which is the right page, and whether there's a difference between the two) and\nit may make it harder for you to track how your *content* performs in search results.\n\n### How Google indexes and chooses the canonical URL\n\n\nWhen [Google indexes a page](/search/docs/fundamentals/how-search-works), it\ndetermines the primary content (or *centerpiece* ) of each page. If Google finds\nmultiple pages that seem to be the same or the primary content very similar, it chooses the\npage that, based on the factors (or *signals*) the indexing process collected, is\nobjectively the most complete and useful for search users, and marks it as canonical. The\ncanonical page will be crawled most regularly; duplicates are crawled less frequently in\norder to reduce the crawling load on sites.\n\n\nThere are a handful of factors that play a role in canonicalization: whether the page\nis served over HTTP or HTTPS, redirects, presence of the URL in a sitemap, and\n`rel=\"canonical\"` `link` annotations. You can\n[indicate your preference to Google](/search/docs/crawling-indexing/consolidate-duplicate-urls#define-canonical)\nusing these techniques, but Google may choose a different page as canonical than you do,\nfor various reasons. That is, indicating a canonical preference is a hint, not a rule.\n\n\nDifferent language versions of a single page are considered duplicates only if the primary\ncontent is in the same language (that is, if only the header, footer, and other non-critical\ntext is translated, but the body remains the same, then the pages are considered to be\nduplicates). To learn more about setting up localized sites, see our documentation about\n[managing multi-lingual and multi-regional sites](/search/docs/specialty/international/localized-versions).\n\n\nGoogle uses the canonical page as the main source to evaluate content and quality. A Google\nSearch result usually points to the canonical page, unless one of the duplicates is explicitly\nbetter suited for a search user. For example, the search result will probably point to the\nmobile page if the user is on a mobile device, even if the desktop page is the canonical.\n\n\nRead more about\n[how to indicate your preference for the canonical URL, and whether you need to](/search/docs/crawling-indexing/consolidate-duplicate-urls)."]]
