Tetap teratur dengan koleksi
Simpan dan kategorikan konten berdasarkan preferensi Anda.
Di add-on Google Workspace, Anda dapat membuat widget
yang memiliki tindakan tertaut. Anda dapat menggunakan
tindakan untuk membuat draf email baru, yang secara opsional diisi menggunakan
informasi yang dimasukkan ke dalam UI add-on atau informasi dari pesan yang terbuka.
Misalnya, Anda dapat memiliki tombol di
UI pesan add-on
yang membuat balasan untuk pesan yang saat ini dibuka yang telah diisi otomatis dengan
informasi dari add-on.
Saat tindakan yang membuat pesan dipicu, Gmail akan menjalankan fungsi callback untuk membuat dan menampilkan draf. Kemudian, Gmail akan menampilkan draf tersebut di
UI-nya dalam jendela tulis email standar, yang kemudian dapat diedit dan dikirim oleh pengguna
sesuai kebutuhan.
Mengonfigurasi tindakan untuk membuat pesan draf
Untuk mengonfigurasi widget agar memulai tindakan pembuatan draf saat dipilih, Anda harus
melakukan hal berikut:
Terapkan fungsi callback yang menjalankan tindakan pembuatan draf. Fungsi
ini diberi objek peristiwa
sebagai argumen. Fungsi callback harus melakukan hal berikut:
Anda dapat mengisi otomatis GmailDraft yang Anda buat dalam fungsi callback dengan penerima, subjek, isi pesan, dan lampiran. Untuk mengisi draf, data dapat berasal dari sumber mana pun, tetapi biasanya berasal dari informasi yang diberikan ke add-on itu sendiri, informasi dalam pesan yang terbuka, atau informasi yang dikumpulkan dari layanan pihak ketiga. Objek peristiwa yang diteruskan ke fungsi callback berisi ID pesan terbuka dan informasi add-on lainnya yang dapat Anda gunakan untuk mengisi draf secara otomatis.
Anda dapat membuat draf sebagai pesan mandiri baru atau balasan ke pesan yang ada. Hal ini dikontrol oleh
enum ComposeEmailType
yang diberikan ke
setComposeAction().
Anda dapat membuat draf balasan sebagai balasan tunggal atau pesan 'balas semua'.
Draf mandiri
Draf mandiri memulai rangkaian pesan baru dan bukan balasan untuk pesan yang ada. Anda dapat membuat draf mandiri dengan salah satu fungsi
layanan Gmail berikut:
Draf balasan adalah bagian dari rangkaian pesan yang ada. Draf balasan adalah
balasan tunggal yang hanya dikirim ke pengirim pesan atau draf "balas ke semua"
yang dikirim ke semua orang yang menerima pesan tersebut. Anda dapat membuat draf balasan dengan salah satu fungsi layanan Gmail berikut:
[null,null,["Terakhir diperbarui pada 2025-07-25 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis guide explains how to use Google Workspace add-ons to create new email drafts prefilled with information from the add-on or the currently open message.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eAdd-ons achieve this functionality by using actions associated with widgets like buttons, triggering callback functions to build and return drafts.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eTo implement this, you need to include a specific scope in your manifest, create an action object with a callback function, and configure the widget to trigger the action.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe callback function creates a GmailDraft object, builds a ComposeActionResponse, and can prefill the draft with data from various sources.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eDrafts can be created as standalone messages or replies (single or reply-all) using corresponding Gmail service functions.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["Google Workspace add-ons can create new email drafts via linked actions in widgets. To configure this, the manifest needs the `action.compose` scope. A widget's `setComposeAction()` method links an `Action` object and `ComposeEmailType` to a callback function. This function generates a `GmailDraft` object using a `ComposeActionResponseBuilder`, which is then returned to populate the draft in Gmail's UI. Drafts can be standalone or replies, prefilled with data from various sources, including the event object.\n"],null,["# Composing draft messages\n\n| **Note:** The techniques described in this guide are primarily for creating new draft messages in response to user interactions in a [message UI](/workspace/add-ons/gmail/extending-message-ui). If you want your add-on to alter a draft the user is currently viewing, [extend the compose UI](/workspace/add-ons/gmail/extending-compose-ui) instead.\n\nIn a Google Workspace add-on you can create [widgets](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/widgets)\nthat have linked [actions](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions). You can use\nan action to compose new email drafts, optionally filling them using\ninformation entered into the add-on UI or information from an open message.\nFor example, you can have a button in your\n[add-on's message UI](/workspace/add-ons/gmail/extending-message-ui)\nthat creates a reply to the currently opened message prepopulated with\ninformation from the add-on.\n\nWhen an action that builds messages is triggered, Gmail executes a callback\nfunction to build and return the draft. Gmail then displays that draft in its\nUI in a standard email compose window, which the user can then edit and send\nas needed.\n\nConfiguring an action to build a draft message\n----------------------------------------------\n\nTo configure a widget to start a draft-building action when selected, you must\ndo the following:\n\n1. Make sure your [manifest](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/workspace-manifests#manifest_structure_for_g_suite_add-ons)\n includes the\n [`action.compose` scope](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/workspace-scopes#gmail_add-on_scopes):\n\n `https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.addons.current.action.compose`\n\n You can use more a permissive scope instead, but should only do so if\n that scope is absolutely necessary.\n2. Create an [`Action`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/action) object\n and associate it with a [callback function](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions#callback_functions)\n you define.\n\n3. Call the widget's [`setComposeAction()`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/button#setComposeAction(Action,ComposedEmailType))\n [widget handler function](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions#widget_handler_functions),\n providing it the [`Action`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/action)\n object and specifying the\n [`ComposeEmailType`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/composed-email-type).\n\n4. Implement the callback function that executes the draft-building action. This\n function is given an [event object](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/actions#action_event_objects)\n as an argument. The callback function must do the following:\n\n 1. Create a [`GmailDraft`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-draft) object.\n 2. Build a [`ComposeActionResponse`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/compose-action-response) object using the [`ComposeActionResponseBuilder`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/compose-action-response-builder) class and the [`GmailDraft`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-draft) object.\n 3. Return the built [`ComposeActionResponse`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/compose-action-response).\n\nYou can prefill the [`GmailDraft`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-draft)\nyou create in the callback function with\nrecipients, a subject, a message body, and attachments. To fill in the draft,\ndata can come from any source, but typically it derives from information\nprovided to the add-on itself, information in the open message, or\ninformation gathered from a third-party service. The\n[event object](/workspace/add-ons/concepts/event-objects)\npassed to the callback function contains the open message ID and other add-on\ninformation you can use to prefill the draft.\n\nYou can create the draft as a new standalone message or a reply to\nan existing message. This is controlled by the\n[`ComposeEmailType`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/composed-email-type)\nenum given to the\n[`setComposeAction()`](/apps-script/reference/card-service/button#setComposeAction(Action,ComposedEmailType)).\nYou can create reply drafts as single replies or 'reply-all' messages.\n\n### Standalone drafts\n\nA standalone draft starts a new thread and isn't a reply to any existing\nmessage. You can create a standalone draft with one of the following\n[Gmail service](/apps-script/reference/gmail) functions:\n\n- [`GmailApp.createDraft(recipient, subject, body)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-app#createDraft(String,String,String))\n- [`GmailApp.createDraft(recipient, subject, body, options)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-app#createdraftrecipient-subject-body-options)\n\n### Reply drafts\n\nA reply draft is part of an existing message thread. Reply drafts are either\nsingle replies that only get sent to the sender of a message or \"reply all\"\ndrafts that get sent to everyone who received that message. You can create a\nreply draft with one of these [Gmail service](/apps-script/reference/gmail)\nfunctions:\n\n- [`GmailMessage.createDraftReply(body)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-message#createdraftreplybody)\n- [`GmailMessage.createDraftReply(body, options)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-message#createdraftreplybody-options)\n- [`GmailMessage.createDraftReplyAll(body)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-message#createdraftreplyallbody)\n- [`GmailMessage.createDraftReplyAll(body, options)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-message#createdraftreplyallbody-options)\n- [`GmailThread.createDraftReply(body)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-thread#createdraftreplybody)\n- [`GmailThread.createDraftReply(body, options)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-thread#createdraftreplybody-options)\n- [`GmailThread.createDraftReplyAll(body)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-thread#createdraftreplyallbody)\n- [`GmailThread.createDraftReplyAll(body, options)`](/apps-script/reference/gmail/gmail-thread#createdraftreplyallbody-options)\n\nExample\n-------\n\nThe following code snippet shows how to assign an action that builds a reply\ndraft to a button. \n\n var composeAction = CardService.newAction()\n .setFunctionName('createReplyDraft');\n var composeButton = CardService.newTextButton()\n .setText('Compose Reply')\n .setComposeAction(\n composeAction,\n CardService.ComposedEmailType.REPLY_AS_DRAFT);\n\n // ...\n\n /**\n * Creates a draft email (with an attachment and inline image)\n * as a reply to an existing message.\n * @param {Object} e An event object passed by the action.\n * @return {ComposeActionResponse}\n */\n function createReplyDraft(e) {\n // Activate temporary Gmail scopes, in this case to allow\n // a reply to be drafted.\n var accessToken = e.gmail.accessToken;\n GmailApp.setCurrentMessageAccessToken(accessToken);\n\n // Creates a draft reply.\n var messageId = e.gmail.messageId;\n var message = GmailApp.getMessageById(messageId);\n var draft = message.createDraftReply('',\n {\n htmlBody: \"Kitten! \u003cimg src='cid:kitten'/\u003e\",\n attachments: [\n UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://example.com/images/myDog.jpg')\n .getBlob()\n ],\n inlineImages: {\n \"kitten\": UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://example.com/images/myKitten.jpg')\n .getBlob()\n }\n }\n );\n\n // Return a built draft response. This causes Gmail to present a\n // compose window to the user, pre-filled with the content specified\n // above.\n return CardService.newComposeActionResponseBuilder()\n .setGmailDraft(draft).build();\n }"]]