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Google 课堂中的用户角色
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在 Google 课堂中，用户可以担任以下角色：
角色的分配取决于用户在 Course 中的名单列出方式。无法保证用户在某个机构中是教师还是学生，他们在给定的 Google 课堂 Course 中会拥有相同的角色集。例如，如果用户是学区内的教师，则可以在 Google 课堂中担任教师或学生角色，具体取决于为其选择的角色。
如需轻松发现任何给定 Course 内的教师用户，最简单的方法是使用 courses.teachers.list() 或 courses.teachers.get() 端点。学生和监护人也有类似的端点。
教师
教师可以在 Google 课堂中创建和管理 Courses、CourseWork、CourseWorkMaterials、Announcements、附件和成绩。他们还可以邀请其他用户成为 Course 中的教师、学生或监护人。
只有管理员可以使用 courses.teachers.create() 端点直接将用户添加为 Course 中的教师。在所有其他情况下，用户必须由 Course 中的教师邀请。可以使用 invitations.create() 端点创建邀请。
一个 Course 中可以有多个共同教师，但只能有一个 Course 所有者。只有 Course 所有者才能删除 Course 并更改 Course 所有者。如果需要在用户之间Course转移所有权，这一点非常重要。可以使用 courses.patch() 端点更新 Course 所有者。
学生
学生可以在 Google 课堂中查看 CourseWork、CourseWorkMaterials、Announcements、附件和成绩。他们可以在 Google 课堂界面中创建和修改提交内容，并使用 Classroom API 读取有关其提交内容的元数据、修改提交内容中的任何附件以及更改提交状态。
只有管理员可以使用 courses.students.create() 端点直接将用户添加为 Course 中的学生。如果用户指定了 enrollmentCode 字段，则可以直接将自己添加为 Course 中的学生。否则，用户必须由 Course 中的教师邀请。
您可以使用 invitations.create() 端点创建邀请。
守护者
监护人将收到电子邮件摘要，了解学生在 Course 中的作业情况。
监护人可能还可以预览学生的课程，具体取决于网域的 Google Workspace 教育版版本。借助 Classroom API，监护人可以使用 guardianInvitations 端点受邀加入 Course。监护人可以由 Google Workspace 教育版网域管理员和经过验证的教师邀请，具体取决于 Google 管理控制台中网域的设置方式。
经过验证的教师是指管理员向其授予了特殊权限的教师。学生最多可以有 20 位不同的监护人。
管理员
Google Workspace 教育版管理员可以管理网域设置和权限。本指南未提供各种管理员和管理员角色的所有功能的完整列表。如需详细了解 Google Workspace 教育版管理员，请参阅帮助中心管理员部分。
在 Classroom API 的上下文中，管理员可以创建和管理 Courses、Aliases、教师、学生和监护人。他们可以读取 Course 内的任何 CourseWork、CourseWorkMaterials、Announcements、StudentSubmissions 或 Topics。
如未另行说明，那么本页面中的内容已根据知识共享署名 4.0 许可获得了许可，并且代码示例已根据 Apache 2.0 许可获得了许可。有关详情，请参阅 Google 开发者网站政策。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC)：2025-08-01。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC)：2025-08-01。"],[],[],null,["# User roles within Google Classroom\n\nIn Google Classroom, users can have the following roles:\n\n- Teacher\n- Student\n- Guardian\n- Administrator\n\nThe assignment of a role depends on how the user was rostered within a\n`Course`. There is no guarantee that if a user is a teacher or student within\nan institution, they will have the same role set within a given\nGoogle Classroom `Course`. For example, if a user is a teacher within a\nschool district, they can be either a teacher or student in\nClassroom depending on what role was chosen for them for.\n\nThe easiest way to discover users that are teachers within any given\n`Course` is by using the [`courses.teachers.list()`](/workspace/classroom/reference/rest/v1/courses.teachers/list) or\n[`courses.teachers.get()`](/workspace/classroom/reference/rest/v1/courses.teachers/get) endpoints. Similar endpoints exist for students and\nguardians.\n\nTeachers\n--------\n\nTeachers can create and manage `Courses`, `CourseWork`, `CourseWorkMaterials`,\n`Announcements`, attachments and grades in Classroom. They can\nalso invite other users to be teachers, students, or guardians within a\n`Course`.\n\nOnly an administrator can use the [`courses.teachers.create()`](/workspace/classroom/reference/rest/v1/courses.teachers/create) endpoint to\ndirectly add a user as a teacher in a `Course`. In all other circumstances, the\nuser must be invited by a teacher in a `Course`. Invitations can be created\nusing the [`invitations.create()`](/workspace/classroom/reference/rest/v1/invitations/create) endpoint.\n\nThere can be multiple co-teachers within a single `Course`, but there can only\nbe a single `Course` owner. Only a `Course` owner can delete the `Course` and\nchange the `Course` owner. This is important if\n[`Course` ownership must be transferred](/workspace/classroom/guides/manage-courses#transfer_course_ownership) between users. `Course` owners can be\nupdated using the [`courses.patch()`](/workspace/classroom/reference/rest/v1/courses/patch) endpoint.\n\nStudents\n--------\n\nStudents can view `CourseWork`, `CourseWorkMaterials`, `Announcements`,\nattachments and grades in Classroom. They can create and modify\nsubmissions in the Google Classroom UI and use the\nClassroom API to read metadata about their submission, modify any\nattachments on the submission, and change the submission state.\n\nOnly an administrator can use the [`courses.students.create()`](/workspace/classroom/reference/rest/v1/courses.students/create) endpoint to\ndirectly add a user as a student in a `Course`. A user can directly add\nthemselves as a student in the `Course` if they specify the `enrollmentCode`\nfield. Otherwise, the user must be invited by a teacher in a `Course`.\nInvitations can be created using the [`invitations.create()`](/workspace/classroom/reference/rest/v1/invitations/create) endpoint.\n\nGuardians\n---------\n\nGuardians will receive email summaries of their student's work in a `Course`.\nDepending on the domain's Google Workspace for Education edition, guardians may also be able to\npreview their student's courses. The Classroom API allows guardians\nto be invited to a `Course` using the [`guardianInvitations` endpoints](/workspace/classroom/reference/rest/v1/userProfiles.guardianInvitations).\nGuardians can be invited by Google Workspace for Education domain administrators and verified\nteachers depending on how the domain was set up in the Google Admin console.\n[Verified teachers](https://support.google.com/edu/classroom/answer/6071551#verify&zippy=%2Cverify-teachers) are teachers that have been provided special permissions by\nadministrators. Students can have up to 20 different guardians.\n\nAdministrators\n--------------\n\nGoogle Workspace for Education administrators can manage domain settings and permissions. This guide\ndoes not include a comprehensive list of all the capabilities of various\nadministrators and administrator roles. For more comprehensive information on\nGoogle Workspace for Education administrators, see the [help center administrator section](https://support.google.com/edu/classroom/topic/11987113?ref_topic=11986220&sjid=9648783913918262890-NC).\nIn the context of the Classroom API, administrators can create and\nmanage `Courses`, `Aliases`, teachers, students, and guardians. They can read\nany `CourseWork`, `CourseWorkMaterials`, `Announcements`, `StudentSubmissions`,\nor `Topics` within a `Course`."]]
