本指南将介绍如何
Google Analytics Measurement Protocol 网站和应用数据流
事件
Google Analytics 服务器,以便您可以在以下位置查看 Measurement Protocol 事件:
Google Analytics 报告。
请选择您想在本指南中查看哪个平台的信息:
Google Analytics Measurement Protocol 仅支持 HTTP POST
请求。
如要发送事件,请使用以下格式:
POST /mp/collect HTTP/1.1
HOST: www.google-analytics.com
Content-Type: application/json
<payload_data>
必须在请求网址中提供以下内容:
如需获取完整的参考信息,请参阅查询参数。
必须在请求正文中提供以下内容:
client_id
:客户端的唯一标识符。该标识符与 Firebase app_instance_id
不同。请使用 gtag.js('get')。
user_id
:可选。用户的唯一标识符。只能包含 UTF-8
字符。如需详细了解此标识符,请参阅使用 User-ID 进行跨平台分析。
consent
:可选。了解如何设置用户意见征求设置。
timestamp_micros
:可选。Unix 纪元时间(以微秒为单位),
事件和用户属性。如果未指定,则默认为
请求的时间点。
events
:一个由多个事件项构成的数组。您可以在一个事件中包含多个事件
请求。
若要让报告显示用户活动,例如
实时、
engagement_time_msec
和 session_id
必须作为
params
,表示 event
。engagement_time_msec
参数应反映
事件的互动时长(以毫秒为单位)。
示例如下:
```json
{
"
client_id"
: "
123456.7654321"
,
"
events"
: [
{
"
name"
: "
campaign_details"
,
"
params"
: {
"
campaign_id"
: "
google_1234"
,
"
campaign"
: "
Summer_fun"
,
"
source"
: "
google"
,
"
medium"
: "
cpc"
,
"
term"
: "
summer+travel"
,
"
content"
: "
logolink"
,
"
session_id"
: "
123"
,
"
engagement_time_msec"
: "
100"
}
}
]
}
```
While `session_start` is a [reserved event
name](/analytics/devguides/collection/protocol/ga4/reference#reserved_names),
creating a new `session_id` creates a new session without the need to send
`session_start`. Understand how [sessions are
counted](//support.google.com/analytics/answer/9191807).
## Try it
Here's an example you can use to send a [`tutorial_begin`] event to your Google
Analytics server:
```javascript
const measurement_id = `G-XXXXXXXXXX`;
const api_secret = `<secret_value>`;
fetch(`https://www.google-analytics.com/mp/collect?measurement_id=${measurement_id}&api_secret=${api_secret}`, {
method: "
POST"
,
body: JSON.stringify({
client_id: '
XXXXXXXXXX.YYYYYYYYYY'
,
events: [{
name: '
tutorial_begin'
,
params: {},
}]
})
});
```
## Override timestamp
The Measurement Protocol uses the *first* timestamp it finds in the following
list for each event in the request:
1. The `timestamp_micros` of the event.
1. The `timestamp_micros` of the request.
1. The time that the Measurement Protocol receives the request.
The following example sends a request-level timestamp that applies to all of
the events in the request. As a result, the Measurement Protocol assigns both the
`tutorial_begin` and `join_group` events a timestamp of
`requestUnixEpochTimeInMicros`.
```javascript
{
"
timestamp_micros"
: requestUnixEpochTimeInMicros,
"
events"
: [
{
"
name"
: "
tutorial_begin"
},
{
"
name"
: "
join_group"
,
"
params"
: {
"
group_id"
: "
G_12345"
,
}
}
]
}
```
The following example sends both a request-level timestamp and an event-level
timestamp. As a result, the Measurement Protocol assigns the `tutorial_begin`
event a timestamp of `tutorialBeginUnixEpochTimeInMicros`, and the `join_group`
event a timestamp of `requestUnixEpochTimeInMicros`.
```javascript
{
"
timestamp_micros"
: requestUnixEpochTimeInMicros,
"
events"
: [
{
"
name"
: "
tutorial_begin"
,
"
timestamp_micros"
: tutorialBeginUnixEpochTimeInMicros
},
{
"
name"
: "
join_group"
,
"
params"
: {
"
group_id"
: "
G_12345"
,
}
}
]
}
```
## Limitations
The following limitations apply to sending Measurement Protocol events to Google
Analytics:
Note: For information on the limitations of 360 features, see [Google Analytics
360](//support.google.com/analytics/answer/11202874).
* Requests can have a maximum of 25 events.
* Events can have a maximum of 25 parameters.
* Events can have a maximum of 25 user properties.
* User property names must be 24 characters or fewer.
* User property values must be 36 characters or fewer.
* Event names must be 40 characters or fewer, can only contain alpha-numeric
characters and underscores, and must start with an alphabetic character.
* Parameter names including item parameters must be 40 characters or fewer,
can only contain alpha-numeric characters and underscores, and must start
with an alphabetic character.
* Parameter values including item parameter values must be 100 characters or
fewer for a standard Google Analytics property, and 500 characters or fewer
for a Google Analytics 360 property.
* Item parameters can have a maximum of 10 custom parameters.
* The post body must be smaller than 130kB.
* App Measurement Protocol events sent to Google Analytics don't populate
Search audiences in Google Ads for app users.
For additional requirements of each use case, see [common use cases].