高级文档服务

通过高级文档服务，您可以在 Apps 脚本中使用 Google Docs API。与 Apps 脚本的内置文档服务非常相似，此 API 允许脚本读取、修改和设置 Google 文档中的内容格式。在大多数情况下，内置服务更易于使用，但此高级服务提供了一些额外的功能。

参考

如需详细了解此服务，请参阅 Google 文档 API 的参考文档。与 Apps 脚本中的所有高级服务一样，高级 Docs 服务使用的对象、方法和参数均与公共 API 相同。如需了解详情，请参阅方法签名是如何确定的。

如需报告问题并寻求其他支持，请参阅 Docs API 支持指南。

示例代码

以下示例代码使用 API 的版本 1。

创建文档

此示例会创建一个新文档。

advanced/docs.gs
/**
 * Create a new document.
 * @see https://developers.google.com/docs/api/reference/rest/v1/documents/create
 * @return {string} documentId
 */
function createDocument() {
  try {
    // Create document with title
    const document = Docs.Documents.create({'title': 'My New Document'});
    console.log('Created document with ID: ' + document.documentId);
    return document.documentId;
  } catch (e) {
    // TODO (developer) - Handle exception
    console.log('Failed with error %s', e.message);
  }
}

查找和替换文本

此示例用于查找和替换文档中所有标签页中的成对文本。当您要将模板文档副本中的占位符替换为数据库中的值时，此方法会很有用。

advanced/docs.gs
/**
 * Performs "replace all".
 * @param {string} documentId The document to perform the replace text operations on.
 * @param {Object} findTextToReplacementMap A map from the "find text" to the "replace text".
 * @return {Object} replies
 * @see https://developers.google.com/docs/api/reference/rest/v1/documents/batchUpdate
 */
function findAndReplace(documentId, findTextToReplacementMap) {
  const requests = [];
  for (const findText in findTextToReplacementMap) {
    const replaceText = findTextToReplacementMap[findText];
    // One option for replacing all text is to specify all tab IDs.
    const request = {
      replaceAllText: {
        containsText: {
          text: findText,
          matchCase: true
        },
        replaceText: replaceText,
        tabsCriteria: {
          tabIds: [TAB_ID_1, TAB_ID_2, TAB_ID_3],
        }
      }
    };
    // Another option is to omit TabsCriteria if you are replacing across all tabs.
    const request = {
      replaceAllText: {
        containsText: {
          text: findText,
          matchCase: true
        },
        replaceText: replaceText
      }
    };
    requests.push(request);
  }
  try {
    const response = Docs.Documents.batchUpdate({'requests': requests}, documentId);
    const replies = response.replies;
    for (const [index] of replies.entries()) {
      const numReplacements = replies[index].replaceAllText.occurrencesChanged || 0;
      console.log('Request %s performed %s replacements.', index, numReplacements);
    }
    return replies;
  } catch (e) {
    // TODO (developer) - Handle exception
    console.log('Failed with error : %s', e.message);
  }
}

插入文字和设置文字样式

此示例在文档中第一个标签页的开头插入新文本，并使用特定字体和大小设置其样式。请注意，为了提高效率，您应尽可能将多个操作批量处理到单个 batchUpdate 调用中。

advanced/docs.gs
/**
 * Insert text at the beginning of the first tab in the document and then style
 * the inserted text.
 * @param {string} documentId The document the text is inserted into.
 * @param {string} text The text to insert into the document.
 * @return {Object} replies
 * @see https://developers.google.com/docs/api/reference/rest/v1/documents/batchUpdate
 */
function insertAndStyleText(documentId, text) {
  const requests = [{
    insertText: {
      location: {
        index: 1,
        // A tab can be specified using its ID. When omitted, the request is
        // applied to the first tab.
        // tabId: TAB_ID
      },
      text: text
    }
  },
  {
    updateTextStyle: {
      range: {
        startIndex: 1,
        endIndex: text.length + 1
      },
      textStyle: {
        fontSize: {
          magnitude: 12,
          unit: 'PT'
        },
        weightedFontFamily: {
          fontFamily: 'Calibri'
        }
      },
      fields: 'weightedFontFamily, fontSize'
    }
  }];
  try {
    const response =Docs.Documents.batchUpdate({'requests': requests}, documentId);
    return response.replies;
  } catch (e) {
    // TODO (developer) - Handle exception
    console.log('Failed with an error %s', e.message);
  }
}

朗读第一段

此示例会记录文档中第一个标签页的第一个段落的文本。由于 Docs API 中段落的结构化特性，这需要合并多个子元素的文本。

advanced/docs.gs
/**
 * Read the first paragraph of the first tab in a document.
 * @param {string} documentId The ID of the document to read.
 * @return {Object} paragraphText
 * @see https://developers.google.com/docs/api/reference/rest/v1/documents/get
 */
function readFirstParagraph(documentId) {
  try {
    // Get the document using document ID
    const document = Docs.Documents.get(documentId, {'includeTabsContent': true});
    const firstTab = document.tabs[0];
    const bodyElements = firstTab.documentTab.body.content;
    for (let i = 0; i < bodyElements.length; i++) {
      const structuralElement = bodyElements[i];
      // Print the first paragraph text present in document
      if (structuralElement.paragraph) {
        const paragraphElements = structuralElement.paragraph.elements;
        let paragraphText = '';

        for (let j = 0; j < paragraphElements.length; j++) {
          const paragraphElement = paragraphElements[j];
          if (paragraphElement.textRun !== null) {
            paragraphText += paragraphElement.textRun.content;
          }
        }
        console.log(paragraphText);
        return paragraphText;
      }
    }
  } catch (e) {
    // TODO (developer) - Handle exception
    console.log('Failed with error %s', e.message);
  }
}

最佳做法

批量更新

使用高级 Docs 服务时，请将多个请求合并到一个数组中，而不是在循环中调用 batchUpdate。

不要 - 在循环中调用 batchUpdate。

var textToReplace = ['foo', 'bar'];
for (var i = 0; i < textToReplace.length; i++) {
  Docs.Documents.batchUpdate({
    requests: [{
      replaceAllText: ...
    }]
  }, docId);
}

执行 - 使用更新数组调用 batchUpdate。

var requests = [];
var textToReplace = ['foo', 'bar'];
for (var i = 0; i < textToReplace.length; i++) {
  requests.push({ replaceAllText: ... });
}

Docs.Documents.batchUpdate({
  requests: requests
}, docId);