原生廣告自訂事件

必要條件

完成自訂事件設定。

要求原生廣告

在瀑布式中介鏈中到達自訂事件明細項目時，系統會根據您在建立自訂事件時提供的類別名稱，呼叫 loadNativeAd:adConfiguration:completionHandler: 方法。在本例中，該方法位於 SampleCustomEvent 中，然後會在 SampleCustomEventNative 中呼叫 loadNativeAd:adConfiguration:completionHandler: 方法。

如要要求原生廣告，請建立或修改實作 GADMediationAdapter 和 loadNativeAd:adConfiguration:completionHandler: 的類別。如果 已有擴充 GADMediationAdapter 的類別 有loadNativeAd:adConfiguration:completionHandler:。此外，請建立新類別來實作 GADMediationNativeAd。

以這個自訂事件為例 SampleCustomEvent 導入 GADMediationAdapter 介面，然後委派給 SampleCustomEventNative。

Swift

import GoogleMobileAds

class SampleCustomEvent: NSObject, GADMediationAdapter {

  fileprivate var nativeAd: SampleCustomEventNativeAd?

  func loadNativeAd(
    for adConfiguration: GADMediationNativeAdConfiguration,
    completionHandler: @escaping GADMediationNativeAdLoadCompletionHandler
  ) {
    self.nativeAd = SampleCustomEventNativeAd()
    self.nativeAd?.loadNativeAd(
      for: adConfiguration, completionHandler: completionHandler)
  }
}

Objective-C

#import "SampleCustomEvent.h"

@implementation SampleCustomEvent

SampleCustomEventNativeAd *sampleNativeAd;

- (void)loadNativeAdForAdConfiguration:
            (GADMediationNativeAdConfiguration *)adConfiguration
                     completionHandler:
                         (GADMediationNativeAdLoadCompletionHandler)
                             completionHandler {
  sampleNative = [[SampleCustomEventNativeAd alloc] init];
  [sampleNative loadNativeAdForAdConfiguration:adConfiguration
                             completionHandler:completionHandler];
}

SampleCustomEventNative` 負責執行下列工作：

  • 載入原生廣告

  • 實作 GADMediationNativeAd 通訊協定。

  • 接收並回報廣告事件回呼至 Google Mobile Ads SDK

廣告設定中包含 Ad Manager 使用者介面中定義的選用參數。參數可以透過 adConfiguration.credentials.settings[@"parameter"]。這個參數是 通常是廣告聯播網 SDK 要求的廣告單元 ID 建立廣告物件的例項。

Swift

class SampleCustomEventNativeAd: NSObject, GADMediationNativeAd {
  /// The Sample Ad Network native ad.
  var nativeAd: SampleNativeAd?

  /// The ad event delegate to forward ad rendering events to the Google Mobile
  /// Ads SDK.
  var delegate: GADMediationNativeAdEventDelegate?

  /// Completion handler called after ad load
  var completionHandler: GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler?

  func loadNativeAd(
    for adConfiguration: GADMediationNativeAdConfiguration,
    completionHandler: @escaping GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler
  ) {
    let adLoader = SampleNativeAdLoader()
    let sampleRequest = SampleNativeAdRequest()

    // The Google Mobile Ads SDK requires the image assets to be downloaded
    // automatically unless the publisher specifies otherwise by using the
    // GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions object's disableImageLoading property. If
    // your network doesn't have an option like this and instead only ever
    // returns URLs for images (rather than the images themselves), your adapter
    // should download image assets on behalf of the publisher. This should be
    // done after receiving the native ad object from your network's SDK, and
    // before calling the connector's adapter:didReceiveMediatedNativeAd: method.
    sampleRequest.shouldDownloadImages = true
    sampleRequest.preferredImageOrientation = NativeAdImageOrientation.any
    sampleRequest.shouldRequestMultipleImages = false
    let options = adConfiguration.options
    for loaderOptions: GADAdLoaderOptions in options {
      if let imageOptions = loaderOptions as? GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions {
        sampleRequest.shouldRequestMultipleImages =
          imageOptions.shouldRequestMultipleImages
        // If the GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions' disableImageLoading property is
        // YES, the adapter should send just the URLs for the images.
        sampleRequest.shouldDownloadImages = !imageOptions.disableImageLoading
      } else if let mediaOptions = loaderOptions
        as? GADNativeAdMediaAdLoaderOptions
      {
        switch mediaOptions.mediaAspectRatio {
        case GADMediaAspectRatio.landscape:
          sampleRequest.preferredImageOrientation =
            NativeAdImageOrientation.landscape
        case GADMediaAspectRatio.portrait:
          sampleRequest.preferredImageOrientation =
            NativeAdImageOrientation.portrait
        default:
          sampleRequest.preferredImageOrientation = NativeAdImageOrientation.any
        }
      }
    }
    // This custom event uses the server parameter to carry an ad unit ID, which
    // is the most common use case.
    adLoader.delegate = self
    adLoader.adUnitID =
      adConfiguration.credentials.settings["parameter"] as? String
    self.completionHandler = completionHandler
    adLoader.fetchAd(sampleRequest)
  }
}

Objective-C

#import "SampleCustomEventNativeAd.h"

@interface SampleCustomEventNativeAd () <SampleNativeAdDelegate,
                                         GADMediationNativeAd> {
  /// The sample native ad.
  SampleNativeAd *_nativeAd;

  /// The completion handler to call when the ad loading succeeds or fails.
  GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler _loadCompletionHandler;

  /// The ad event delegate to forward ad rendering events to the Google Mobile
  /// Ads SDK.
  id<GADMediationNativeAdEventDelegate> _adEventDelegate;
}
@end

- (void)loadNativeAdForAdConfiguration:
            (GADMediationNativeAdConfiguration *)adConfiguration
                     completionHandler:(GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler)
                                           completionHandler {
  __block atomic_flag completionHandlerCalled = ATOMIC_FLAG_INIT;
  __block GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler originalCompletionHandler =
      [completionHandler copy];

  _loadCompletionHandler = ^id<GADMediationNativeAdEventDelegate>(
      _Nullable id<GADMediationNativeAd> ad, NSError *_Nullable error) {
    // Only allow completion handler to be called once.
    if (atomic_flag_test_and_set(&completionHandlerCalled)) {
      return nil;
    }

    id<GADMediationNativeAdEventDelegate> delegate = nil;
    if (originalCompletionHandler) {
      // Call original handler and hold on to its return value.
      delegate = originalCompletionHandler(ad, error);
    }

    // Release reference to handler. Objects retained by the handler will also
    // be released.
    originalCompletionHandler = nil;

    return delegate;
  };

  SampleNativeAdLoader *adLoader = [[SampleNativeAdLoader alloc] init];
  SampleNativeAdRequest *sampleRequest = [[SampleNativeAdRequest alloc] init];

  // The Google Mobile Ads SDK requires the image assets to be downloaded
  // automatically unless the publisher specifies otherwise by using the
  // GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions object's disableImageLoading property. If
  // your network doesn't have an option like this and instead only ever returns
  // URLs for images (rather than the images themselves), your adapter should
  // download image assets on behalf of the publisher. This should be done after
  // receiving the native ad object from your network's SDK, and before calling
  // the connector's adapter:didReceiveMediatedNativeAd: method.
  sampleRequest.shouldDownloadImages = YES;

  sampleRequest.preferredImageOrientation = NativeAdImageOrientationAny;
  sampleRequest.shouldRequestMultipleImages = NO;
  sampleRequest.testMode = adConfiguration.isTestRequest;

  for (GADAdLoaderOptions *loaderOptions in adConfiguration.options) {
    if ([loaderOptions isKindOfClass:[GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions class]]) {
      GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions *imageOptions =
          (GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions *)loaderOptions;
      sampleRequest.shouldRequestMultipleImages =
          imageOptions.shouldRequestMultipleImages;

      // If the GADNativeAdImageAdLoaderOptions' disableImageLoading property is
      // YES, the adapter should send just the URLs for the images.
      sampleRequest.shouldDownloadImages = !imageOptions.disableImageLoading;
    } else if ([loaderOptions
                   isKindOfClass:[GADNativeAdMediaAdLoaderOptions class]]) {
      GADNativeAdMediaAdLoaderOptions *mediaOptions =
          (GADNativeAdMediaAdLoaderOptions *)loaderOptions;
      switch (mediaOptions.mediaAspectRatio) {
        case GADMediaAspectRatioLandscape:
          sampleRequest.preferredImageOrientation =
              NativeAdImageOrientationLandscape;
          break;
        case GADMediaAspectRatioPortrait:
          sampleRequest.preferredImageOrientation =
              NativeAdImageOrientationPortrait;
          break;
        default:
          sampleRequest.preferredImageOrientation = NativeAdImageOrientationAny;
          break;
      }
    } else if ([loaderOptions isKindOfClass:[GADNativeAdViewAdOptions class]]) {
      _nativeAdViewAdOptions = (GADNativeAdViewAdOptions *)loaderOptions;
    }
  }

  // This custom event uses the server parameter to carry an ad unit ID, which
  // is the most common use case.
  NSString *adUnit = adConfiguration.credentials.settings[@"parameter"];
  adLoader.adUnitID = adUnit;
  adLoader.delegate = self;

  [adLoader fetchAd:sampleRequest];
}

無論廣告是否成功擷取或發生錯誤，您都會呼叫 GADMediationNativeAdLoadCompletionHandler。如果成功，請傳遞實作 GADMediationNativeAd 的類別，並為錯誤參數使用 nil 值；如果失敗，請傳遞遇到的錯誤。

通常，這些方法是在來自 您的轉接程式導入的第三方 SDK。在本例中，Sample SDK 有 SampleNativeAdDelegate 和相關的回呼：

Swift

func adLoader(
  _ adLoader: SampleNativeAdLoader, didReceive nativeAd: SampleNativeAd
) {
  extraAssets = [
    SampleCustomEventConstantsSwift.awesomenessKey: nativeAd.degreeOfAwesomeness
      ?? ""
  ]

  if let image = nativeAd.image {
    images = [GADNativeAdImage(image: image)]
  } else {
    let imageUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: nativeAd.imageURL)
    images = [GADNativeAdImage(url: imageUrl, scale: nativeAd.imageScale)]
  }
  if let mappedIcon = nativeAd.icon {
    icon = GADNativeAdImage(image: mappedIcon)
  } else {
    let iconURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: nativeAd.iconURL)
    icon = GADNativeAdImage(url: iconURL, scale: nativeAd.iconScale)
  }

  adChoicesView = SampleAdInfoView()
  self.nativeAd = nativeAd
  if let handler = completionHandler {
    delegate = handler(self, nil)
  }
}

func adLoader(
  _ adLoader: SampleNativeAdLoader,
  didFailToLoadAdWith errorCode: SampleErrorCode
) {
  let error =
    SampleCustomEventUtilsSwift.SampleCustomEventErrorWithCodeAndDescription(
      code: SampleCustomEventErrorCodeSwift
        .SampleCustomEventErrorAdLoadFailureCallback,
      description:
        "Sample SDK returned an ad load failure callback with error code: \(errorCode)"
    )
  if let handler = completionHandler {
    delegate = handler(nil, error)
  }
}

Objective-C

- (void)adLoader:(SampleNativeAdLoader *)adLoader
    didReceiveNativeAd:(SampleNativeAd *)nativeAd {
  if (nativeAd.image) {
    _images = @[ [[GADNativeAdImage alloc] initWithImage:nativeAd.image] ];
  } else {
    NSURL *imageURL = [[NSURL alloc] initFileURLWithPath:nativeAd.imageURL];
    _images = @[ [[GADNativeAdImage alloc] initWithURL:imageURL
                                                 scale:nativeAd.imageScale] ];
  }

  if (nativeAd.icon) {
    _icon = [[GADNativeAdImage alloc] initWithImage:nativeAd.icon];
  } else {
    NSURL *iconURL = [[NSURL alloc] initFileURLWithPath:nativeAd.iconURL];
    _icon = [[GADNativeAdImage alloc] initWithURL:iconURL
                                            scale:nativeAd.iconScale];
  }

  // The sample SDK provides an AdChoices view (SampleAdInfoView). If your SDK
  // provides image and click through URLs for its AdChoices icon instead of an
  // actual UIView, the adapter is responsible for downloading the icon image
  // and creating the AdChoices icon view.
  _adChoicesView = [[SampleAdInfoView alloc] init];
  _nativeAd = nativeAd;

  _adEventDelegate = _loadCompletionHandler(self, nil);
}

- (void)adLoader:(SampleNativeAdLoader *)adLoader
    didFailToLoadAdWithErrorCode:(SampleErrorCode)errorCode {
  NSError *error = SampleCustomEventErrorWithCodeAndDescription(
      SampleCustomEventErrorAdLoadFailureCallback,
      [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Sample SDK returned an ad load failure "
                                 @"callback with error code: %@",
                                 errorCode]);
  _adEventDelegate = _loadCompletionHandler(nil, error);
}

地圖原生廣告

不同的 SDK 都有各自獨特的原生廣告格式。一張圖片可能會回傳 包含「title」標籤的物件例如另一個欄位 「headline」。此外，我們還提供追蹤曝光及處理流程的方法 每個 SDK 的點擊都不相同。

為解決這些問題，當自訂事件從中介 SDK 接收原生廣告物件時，應使用實作 GADMediationNativeAd 的類別 (例如 SampleCustomEventNativeAd) 來「對應」中介 SDK 的原生廣告物件，以便符合 Google Mobile Ads SDK 預期的介面。

接下來，我們將進一步探討 SampleCustomEventNativeAd 的實作詳細資料。

儲存對應項目

GADMediationNativeAd 應實作以下 對應自其他 SDK 的資源：

Swift

var nativeAd: SampleNativeAd?

var headline: String? {
  return nativeAd?.headline
}

var images: [GADNativeAdImage]?

var body: String? {
  return nativeAd?.body
}

var icon: GADNativeAdImage?

var callToAction: String? {
  return nativeAd?.callToAction
}

var starRating: NSDecimalNumber? {
  return nativeAd?.starRating
}

var store: String? {
  return nativeAd?.store
}

var price: String? {
  return nativeAd?.price
}

var advertiser: String? {
  return nativeAd?.advertiser
}

var extraAssets: [String: Any]? {
  return [
    SampleCustomEventConstantsSwift.awesomenessKey:
      nativeAd?.degreeOfAwesomeness
      ?? ""
  ]
}

var adChoicesView: UIView?

var mediaView: UIView? {
  return nativeAd?.mediaView
}

Objective-C

/// Used to store the ad's images. In order to implement the
/// GADMediationNativeAd protocol, we use this class to return the images
/// property.
NSArray<GADNativeAdImage *> *_images;

/// Used to store the ad's icon. In order to implement the GADMediationNativeAd
/// protocol, we use this class to return the icon property.
GADNativeAdImage *_icon;

/// Used to store the ad's ad choices view. In order to implement the
/// GADMediationNativeAd protocol, we use this class to return the adChoicesView
/// property.
UIView *_adChoicesView;

- (nullable NSString *)headline {
  return _nativeAd.headline;
}

- (nullable NSArray<GADNativeAdImage *> *)images {
  return _images;
}

- (nullable NSString *)body {
  return _nativeAd.body;
}

- (nullable GADNativeAdImage *)icon {
  return _icon;
}

- (nullable NSString *)callToAction {
  return _nativeAd.callToAction;
}

- (nullable NSDecimalNumber *)starRating {
  return _nativeAd.starRating;
}

- (nullable NSString *)store {
  return _nativeAd.store;
}

- (nullable NSString *)price {
  return _nativeAd.price;
}

- (nullable NSString *)advertiser {
  return _nativeAd.advertiser;
}

- (nullable NSDictionary<NSString *, id> *)extraAssets {
  return
      @{SampleCustomEventExtraKeyAwesomeness : _nativeAd.degreeOfAwesomeness};
}

- (nullable UIView *)adChoicesView {
  return _adChoicesView;
}

- (nullable UIView *)mediaView {
  return _nativeAd.mediaView;
}

- (BOOL)hasVideoContent {
  return self.mediaView != nil;
}

部分中介網路可能會提供超出 Google Mobile Ads SDK。GADMediationNativeAd 通訊協定包含名為 extraAssets 的方法，Google Mobile Ads SDK 會使用這項方法，從對應器中擷取任何「額外」資產。

地圖圖片素材資源

對應圖片素材資源比對應簡單的資料更複雜 類型，例如 NSString 或 doubleGoogle 可能會自動下載圖片，或 以網址值的形式傳回螢幕的像素密度也可能不同。

為協助您管理這些詳細資料，Google Mobile Ads SDK 提供 GADNativeAdImage 類別。圖片素材資源資訊 (無論是實際的 UIImage 物件或僅為 NSURL 值) 都應使用此類別傳回至 Google Mobile Ads SDK。

以下為對應工具類別處理建立 GADNativeAdImage 來存放 圖示圖片：

Swift

if let image = nativeAd.image {
  images = [GADNativeAdImage(image: image)]
} else {
  let imageUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: nativeAd.imageURL)
  images = [GADNativeAdImage(url: imageUrl, scale: nativeAd.imageScale)]
}

Objective-C

if (nativeAd.image) {
  _images = @[ [[GADNativeAdImage alloc] initWithImage:nativeAd.image] ];
} else {
  NSURL *imageURL = [[NSURL alloc] initFileURLWithPath:nativeAd.imageURL];
  _images = @[ [[GADNativeAdImage alloc] initWithURL:imageURL
                                               scale:nativeAd.imageScale] ];
}

曝光和點擊事件

Google Mobile Ads SDK 和中介服務的 SDK 需要知道 但只需要一個 SDK 追蹤這些事件自訂事件可採用兩種不同的方法，這取決於中介 SDK 是否支援追蹤曝光和點擊。

使用 Google Mobile Ads SDK 追蹤點擊和曝光

如果中介服務的 SDK 不會自行執行曝光和點擊追蹤， 提供了記錄點擊和曝光的方法，Google Mobile Ads SDK 可以 追蹤這些事件並通知轉接程式。GADMediationNativeAd 通訊協定包含兩個方法：didRecordImpression: 和 didRecordClickOnAssetWithName:view:viewController:，自訂事件可實作這兩個方法，以便在經仲介的原生廣告物件上呼叫對應的方法：

Swift

func didRecordImpression() {
  nativeAd?.recordImpression()
}

func didRecordClickOnAsset(
  withName assetName: GADUnifiedNativeAssetIdentifier,
  view: UIView,
  wController: UIViewController
) {
  nativeAd?.handleClick(on: view)
}

Objective-C

- (void)didRecordImpression {
  if (self.nativeAd) {
    [self.nativeAd recordImpression];
  }
}

- (void)didRecordClickOnAssetWithName:(GADUnifiedNativeAssetIdentifier)assetName
                                 view:(UIView *)view
                       viewController:(UIViewController *)viewController {
  if (self.nativeAd) {
    [self.nativeAd handleClickOnView:view];
  }
}

實作 GADMediationNativeAd 通訊協定的類別會保留對範例 SDK 原生廣告物件參照，因此可以對該物件呼叫適當的方法，以便回報點擊或曝光。請注意，didRecordClickOnAssetWithName:view:viewController: 方法會採用單一參數：與收到點擊的本機廣告素材資源相對應的 View 物件。

使用中介服務的 SDK 追蹤點擊和曝光次數

部分中介 SDK 可能會自行追蹤點擊和曝光。在這種情況下，您應實作 handlesUserClicks 和 handlesUserImpressions 方法，如以下程式碼片段所示。退貨 YES，表示自訂事件負責追蹤 並且會在這些事件發生時通知 Google Mobile Ads SDK。

覆寫點擊和曝光追蹤的自訂事件可以使用 將原生廣告的檢視畫面傳遞至中介服務 SDK 的 didRenderInView: 訊息 以便中介服務 SDK 進行實際追蹤。自訂事件範例專案 (本指南的程式碼片段取自該專案) 中的範例 SDK 不會使用這種方法，但如果使用這種方法，自訂事件程式碼會呼叫 setNativeAdView:view: 方法，如以下程式碼片段所示：

Swift

func handlesUserClicks() -> Bool {
  return true
}
func handlesUserImpressions() -> Bool {
  return true
}

func didRender(
  in view: UIView, clickableAssetViews: [GADNativeAssetIdentifier: UIView],
  nonclickableAssetViews: [GADNativeAssetIdentifier: UIView],
  viewController: UIViewController
) {
  // This method is called when the native ad view is rendered. Here you would pass the UIView
  // back to the mediated network's SDK.
  self.nativeAd?.setNativeAdView(view)
}

Objective-C

- (BOOL)handlesUserClicks {
  return YES;
}

- (BOOL)handlesUserImpressions {
  return YES;
}

- (void)didRenderInView:(UIView *)view
       clickableAssetViews:(NSDictionary<GADNativeAssetIdentifier, UIView *> *)
                               clickableAssetViews
    nonclickableAssetViews:(NSDictionary<GADNativeAssetIdentifier, UIView *> *)
                               nonclickableAssetViews
            viewController:(UIViewController *)viewController {
  // This method is called when the native ad view is rendered. Here you would
  // pass the UIView back to the mediated network's SDK. Playing video using
  // SampleNativeAd's playVideo method
  [_nativeAd setNativeAdView:view];
}

將中介服務事件轉送至 Google Mobile Ads SDK

呼叫完畢後 GADMediationNativeLoadCompletionHandler 載入的廣告，這時傳回的 GADMediationNativeAdEventDelegate 張委派代表 即可讓轉接程式使用從 第三方 SDK 整合 Google Mobile Ads SDK。

請務必盡可能轉寄這些回呼，讓應用程式從 Google Mobile Ads SDK 接收這些對等事件。以下是回呼的使用範例：

這就完成原生廣告的自訂事件導入作業。完整範例 會在 GitHub。