Bu kılavuzda konum hedefleme ve kampanyalarınız için konum hedefleme eklemek, almak ve güncellemek üzere Google Ads API'yi nasıl kullanabileceğiniz açıklanmaktadır.
Coğrafi hedefleme neden önemlidir?
Yer hedefleme, belirli bir coğrafi bölgedeki kullanıcılara reklam yayınlamanıza olanak tanır. Örneğin, bir süpermarket zincirinin reklamını yaptığınızı varsayalım. Konum hedefleme olmadan reklamlarınız dünya genelindeki tüm bölgelerde gösterilir ve reklamlarınız, süpermarket konumunuzun olmadığı bölgelerdeki kullanıcılardan tıklama alabilir. Bu durum, yatırım getirisi olasılığı sunmadan maliyet oluşturur. Konum hedefleme sayesinde kampanyalarınız yalnızca açık süpermarketlerinizin bulunduğu bölgelerde reklam gösterir. Bu yaklaşım, yerel olarak süpermarket arayan müşterileri doğrudan hedeflemenize de olanak tanır.
Google Ads API, reklamlarınızı ülkeye, bölgeye veya belirli bir coğrafi noktaya yakınlığa göre hedeflemenize olanak tanır.
Reklamlarla coğrafi konumları hedefleme hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin.
Bir bölge için kampanyaları coğrafi olarak hedefleme
Kampanyaları, Google Ads'in konum hedeflemeyi desteklediği herhangi bir coğrafi bölgeye (ör. ülke, eyalet, şehir veya posta bölgesi) hedefleyebilirsiniz. Hedeflenebilir her konum, bir ölçüt kimliğiyle benzersiz şekilde tanımlanır. GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants
kullanarak bir ölçüt kimliğini arayabilirsiniz.
Her GeoTargetConstant
öğesinin resource_name
, geoTargetConstants/{Criterion ID}
biçimindedir. Örneğin, New York eyaletinin resource_name
değeri geoTargetConstants/21167
'dır.
CampaignCriterionService
simgesini kullanarak kampanyalarınıza coğrafi hedefler ekleyebilirsiniz. Aşağıdaki kod snippet'inde, kampanyanızın bir ölçüt kimliğiyle nasıl hedefleneceği gösterilmektedir.
Java
private static CampaignCriterion buildLocationIdCriterion( long locationId, String campaignResourceName) { Builder criterionBuilder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName); criterionBuilder .getLocationBuilder() .setGeoTargetConstant(ResourceNames.geoTargetConstant(locationId)); return criterionBuilder.build(); }
C#
private CampaignCriterion buildLocationCriterion(long locationId, string campaignResourceName) { GeoTargetConstantName location = new GeoTargetConstantName(locationId.ToString()); return new CampaignCriterion() { Campaign = campaignResourceName, Location = new LocationInfo() { GeoTargetConstant = location.ToString() } }; }
PHP
private static function createLocationCampaignCriterionOperation( int $locationId, string $campaignResourceName ) { // Constructs a campaign criterion for the specified campaign ID using the specified // location ID. $campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([ // Creates a location using the specified location ID. 'location' => new LocationInfo([ // Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names using // GeoTargetConstantServiceClient::suggestGeoTargetConstants() and directly // apply GeoTargetConstant::$resourceName here. An example can be found // in GetGeoTargetConstantByNames.php. 'geo_target_constant' => ResourceNames::forGeoTargetConstant($locationId) ]), 'campaign' => $campaignResourceName ]); return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]); }
Python
def create_location_op( client: GoogleAdsClient, customer_id: str, campaign_id: str, location_id: str, ) -> CampaignCriterionOperation: campaign_service: CampaignServiceClient = client.get_service( "CampaignService" ) geo_target_constant_service: GeoTargetConstantServiceClient = ( client.get_service("GeoTargetConstantService") ) # Create the campaign criterion. campaign_criterion_operation: CampaignCriterionOperation = client.get_type( "CampaignCriterionOperation" ) campaign_criterion: CampaignCriterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path( customer_id, campaign_id ) # Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from # GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly # apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found # in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.py. campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant = ( geo_target_constant_service.geo_target_constant_path(location_id) ) return campaign_criterion_operation
Ruby
def create_location(client, customer_id, campaign_id, location_id) client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion| criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id) criterion.location = client.resource.location_info do |li| # Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from # GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly # apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found # in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.rb. li.geo_target_constant = client.path.geo_target_constant(location_id) end end end
Perl
sub create_location_campaign_criterion_operation { my ($location_id, $campaign_resource_name) = @_; # Construct a campaign criterion for the specified campaign using the # specified location ID. my $campaign_criterion = Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V21::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({ # Create a location using the specified location ID. location => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V21::Common::LocationInfo->new({ # Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names # using GeoTargetConstantService::suggest() and directly apply # GeoTargetConstant->{resourceName} here. An example can be found # in get_geo_target_constants_by_names.pl. geoTargetConstant => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V21::Utils::ResourceNames::geo_target_constant( $location_id)} ), campaign => $campaign_resource_name }); return Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V21::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation ->new({ create => $campaign_criterion }); }
Google, çeşitli nedenlerle bazı konum ölçütlerini kullanımdan kaldırabilir: Konum, daha küçük veya daha büyük alanlar halinde yeniden yapılandırılabilir, jeopolitik değişiklikler olabilir vb. Bir konumun status
veya REMOVAL_PLANNED
olup olmadığını belirlemek için GeoTargetConstant
nesnesinin ENABLED
alanına bakın.
Konum hedeflerinin kullanımdan kaldırılması hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin.
Konum adına göre arama
GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants
kullanarak ölçüt kimliğini konum adına göre de arayabilirsiniz.
Aşağıdaki kod örneğinde, konum ölçütü kimliğinin konum adına göre nasıl aranacağı gösterilmektedir.
Java
private void runExample(GoogleAdsClient googleAdsClient) { try (GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoTargetClient = googleAdsClient.getLatestVersion().createGeoTargetConstantServiceClient()) { SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Builder requestBuilder = SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.newBuilder(); // Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given, 'en' is used by default. requestBuilder.setLocale("en"); // A list of country codes can be referenced here: // https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets requestBuilder.setCountryCode("FR"); requestBuilder .getLocationNamesBuilder() .addAllNames(ImmutableList.of("Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland")); SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response = geoTargetClient.suggestGeoTargetConstants(requestBuilder.build()); for (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion : response.getGeoTargetConstantSuggestionsList()) { System.out.printf( "%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d) for search term (%s).%n", suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getResourceName(), suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getName(), suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getCountryCode(), suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getTargetType(), suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getStatus().name(), suggestion.getLocale(), suggestion.getReach(), suggestion.getSearchTerm()); } } }
C#
public void Run(GoogleAdsClient client) { // Get the GeoTargetConstantServiceClient. GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoService = client.GetService(Services.V21.GeoTargetConstantService); // Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given, // 'en' is used by default. string locale = "en"; // A list of country codes can be referenced here: // https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets string countryCode = "FR"; string[] locations = { "Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland" }; SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest request = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest() { Locale = locale, CountryCode = countryCode, LocationNames = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Types.LocationNames() }; request.LocationNames.Names.AddRange(locations); try { SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response = geoService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants(request); foreach (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion in response.GeoTargetConstantSuggestions) { Console.WriteLine( $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.ResourceName} " + $"({suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Name}, " + $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.CountryCode}, " + $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.TargetType}, " + $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Status}) is found in locale " + $"({suggestion.Locale}) with reach ({suggestion.Reach}) " + $"for search term ({suggestion.SearchTerm})."); } } catch (GoogleAdsException e) { Console.WriteLine("Failure:"); Console.WriteLine($"Message: {e.Message}"); Console.WriteLine($"Failure: {e.Failure}"); Console.WriteLine($"Request ID: {e.RequestId}"); throw; } }
PHP
public static function runExample( GoogleAdsClient $googleAdsClient, array $locationNames, string $locale, string $countryCode ) { $geoTargetConstantServiceClient = $googleAdsClient->getGeoTargetConstantServiceClient(); $response = $geoTargetConstantServiceClient->suggestGeoTargetConstants( new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest([ 'locale' => $locale, 'country_code' => $countryCode, 'location_names' => new LocationNames(['names' => $locationNames]) ]) ); // Iterates over all geo target constant suggestion objects and prints the requested field // values for each one. foreach ($response->getGeoTargetConstantSuggestions() as $geoTargetConstantSuggestion) { /** @var GeoTargetConstantSuggestion $geoTargetConstantSuggestion */ printf( "Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d" . " for the search term '%s'.%s", $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getResourceName(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getName(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getCountryCode(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getTargetType(), GeoTargetConstantStatus::name( $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getStatus() ), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getLocale(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getReach(), $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getSearchTerm(), PHP_EOL ); } }
Python
def main(client: GoogleAdsClient) -> None: gtc_service: GeoTargetConstantServiceClient = client.get_service( "GeoTargetConstantService" ) gtc_request: SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest = client.get_type( "SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest" ) gtc_request.locale = LOCALE gtc_request.country_code = COUNTRY_CODE # The location names to get suggested geo target constants. # Type hint for gtc_request.location_names.names is not straightforward # as it's part of a complex protobuf object. gtc_request.location_names.names.extend( ["Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland"] ) results: SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse = ( gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants(gtc_request) ) suggestion: GeoTargetConstantSuggestion for suggestion in results.geo_target_constant_suggestions: geo_target_constant: GeoTargetConstant = suggestion.geo_target_constant print( f"{geo_target_constant.resource_name} " f"({geo_target_constant.name}, " f"{geo_target_constant.country_code}, " f"{geo_target_constant.target_type}, " f"{geo_target_constant.status.name}) " f"is found in locale ({suggestion.locale}) " f"with reach ({suggestion.reach}) " f"from search term ({suggestion.search_term})." )
Ruby
def get_geo_target_constants_by_names # GoogleAdsClient will read a config file from # ENV['HOME']/google_ads_config.rb when called without parameters client = Google::Ads::GoogleAds::GoogleAdsClient.new gtc_service = client.service.geo_target_constant location_names = client.resource.location_names do |ln| ['Paris', 'Quebec', 'Spain', 'Deutschland'].each do |name| ln.names << name end end # Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given, # 'en' is used by default. locale = 'en' # A list of country codes can be referenced here: # https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets country_code = 'FR' response = gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants( locale: locale, country_code: country_code, location_names: location_names ) response.geo_target_constant_suggestions.each do |suggestion| puts sprintf("%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d)" \ " from search term (%s).", suggestion.geo_target_constant.resource_name, suggestion.geo_target_constant.name, suggestion.geo_target_constant.country_code, suggestion.geo_target_constant.target_type, suggestion.geo_target_constant.status, suggestion.locale, suggestion.reach, suggestion.search_term) end end
Perl
sub get_geo_target_constants_by_names { my ($api_client, $location_names, $locale, $country_code) = @_; my $suggest_response = $api_client->GeoTargetConstantService()->suggest({ locale => $locale, countryCode => $country_code, locationNames => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V21::Services::GeoTargetConstantService::LocationNames ->new({ names => $location_names })}); # Iterate over all geo target constant suggestion objects and print the requested # field values for each one. foreach my $geo_target_constant_suggestion ( @{$suggest_response->{geoTargetConstantSuggestions}}) { printf "Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d" . " for the search term '%s'.\n", $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{resourceName}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{name}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{countryCode}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{targetType}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{status}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{locale}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{reach}, $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{searchTerm}; } return 1; }
Kampanyaları bir konuma yakınlık için hedefleme
Bazen bir şehirden veya ülkeden bile daha hassas bir hedefleme yapmak isteyebilirsiniz. Örneğin, mağazanızın bulunduğu konumdan 10 kilometre uzaklıktaki süpermarketlerinizin reklamını yapmak isteyebilirsiniz. Bu gibi durumlarda yakınlık hedeflemeyi kullanabilirsiniz.
Yakın çevredeki hedef oluşturma kodu, konum hedefi eklemeye benzer. Tek fark, LocationInfo
nesnesi yerine ProximityInfo
nesnesi oluşturmanız gerekmesidir.
Java
private static CampaignCriterion buildProximityLocation(String campaignResourceName) { Builder builder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName); ProximityInfo.Builder proximityBuilder = builder.getProximityBuilder(); proximityBuilder.setRadius(10.0).setRadiusUnits(ProximityRadiusUnits.MILES); AddressInfo.Builder addressBuilder = proximityBuilder.getAddressBuilder(); addressBuilder .setStreetAddress("38 avenue de l'Opéra") .setCityName("Paris") .setPostalCode("75002") .setCountryCode("FR"); return builder.build(); }
C#
private CampaignCriterion buildProximityCriterion(string campaignResourceName) { ProximityInfo proximity = new ProximityInfo() { Address = new AddressInfo() { StreetAddress = "38 avenue de l'Opéra", CityName = "Paris", PostalCode = "75002", CountryCode = "FR" }, Radius = 10d, // Default is kilometers. RadiusUnits = ProximityRadiusUnits.Miles }; return new CampaignCriterion() { Campaign = campaignResourceName, Proximity = proximity }; }
PHP
private static function createProximityCampaignCriterionOperation(string $campaignResourceName) { // Constructs a campaign criterion as a proximity. $campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([ 'proximity' => new ProximityInfo([ 'address' => new AddressInfo([ 'street_address' => '38 avenue de l\'Opéra', 'city_name' => 'Paris', 'postal_code' => '75002', 'country_code' => 'FR', ]), 'radius' => 10.0, // Default is kilometers. 'radius_units' => ProximityRadiusUnits::MILES ]), 'campaign' => $campaignResourceName ]); return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]); }
Python
def create_proximity_op( client: GoogleAdsClient, customer_id: str, campaign_id: str ) -> CampaignCriterionOperation: campaign_service: CampaignServiceClient = client.get_service( "CampaignService" ) # Create the campaign criterion. campaign_criterion_operation: CampaignCriterionOperation = client.get_type( "CampaignCriterionOperation" ) campaign_criterion: CampaignCriterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path( customer_id, campaign_id ) campaign_criterion.proximity.address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opera" campaign_criterion.proximity.address.city_name = "Paris" campaign_criterion.proximity.address.postal_code = "75002" campaign_criterion.proximity.address.country_code = "FR" campaign_criterion.proximity.radius = 10 # Default is kilometers. campaign_criterion.proximity.radius_units = ( client.enums.ProximityRadiusUnitsEnum.MILES ) return campaign_criterion_operation
Ruby
def create_proximity(client, customer_id, campaign_id) client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion| criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id) criterion.proximity = client.resource.proximity_info do |proximity| proximity.address = client.resource.address_info do |address| address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opéra" address.city_name = "Paris" address.postal_code = "75002" address.country_code = "FR" end proximity.radius = 10 proximity.radius_units = :MILES end end end
Perl
sub create_proximity_campaign_criterion_operation { my ($campaign_resource_name) = @_; # Construct a campaign criterion as a proximity. my $campaign_criterion = Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V21::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({ proximity => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V21::Common::ProximityInfo->new({ address => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V21::Common::AddressInfo->new({ streetAddress => "38 avenue de l'Opéra", cityName => "cityName", postalCode => "75002", countryCode => "FR" } ), radius => 10.0, # Default is kilometers. radiusUnits => MILES } ), campaign => $campaign_resource_name }); return Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V21::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation ->new({ create => $campaign_criterion }); }
Coğrafi hedefleri alma
GoogleAdsService.SearchStream
kullanarak bir kampanyanın coğrafi hedeflerini alabilirsiniz.
Sonuçlarınızı WHERE
ifadesinde filtreleyebilirsiniz.
SELECT
campaign_criterion.campaign,
campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant,
campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.longitude_in_micro_degrees,
campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.latitude_in_micro_degrees,
campaign_criterion.proximity.radius,
campaign_criterion.negative
FROM campaign_criterion
WHERE
campaign_criterion.campaign = 'customers/{customer_id}/campaigns/{campaign_id}'
AND campaign_criterion.type IN (LOCATION, PROXIMITY)
Coğrafi hedefleri güncelleme
Bir kampanyanın konum hedeflerini güncellemek için mevcut coğrafi hedeflerin listesini almanız ve yeni hedeflerin listesiyle karşılaştırmanız gerekir. Ardından, ihtiyacınız olmayan hedefleri kaldırmak için remove
işlemini, ihtiyacınız olan ancak mevcut kampanyada bulunmayan yeni coğrafi hedefleri eklemek için ise create
işlemini kullanabilirsiniz.
Coğrafi hedefleri hariç tutma
LocationInfo
öğesini hariç tutabilirsiniz ancak ProximityInfo
öğesini hariç tutamazsınız. Bu özellik, bir bölgeyi hedeflemek ancak bir alt bölgeyi hariç tutmak (örneğin, New York şehri hariç tüm ABD'yi hedeflemek) istediğiniz durumlarda en kullanışlıdır. Bir bölgeyi hariç tutmak için CampaignCriterion
içindeki negative
alanını true
olarak ayarlayın.
Birden fazla coğrafi bölgeyi hedefleme
LocationGroupInfo
kullanarak bir kampanyanın birden fazla coğrafi bölgeyi hedeflemesini sağlayabilirsiniz. Bir bölge, kampanyanın yer uzantılarıyla tanımlanan konumların merkezinde yer alır.
LocationGroupInfo
üzerinde tanımlanan yarıçap, her konumun etrafında dairesel bir bölge oluşturur ve radius
nesnesi, uzunluğu ve metre ya da mil cinsinden olabilen radius_units
değerinden (LocationGroupRadiusUnitsEnum
) oluşur.
LocationGroupInfo
içindeki konumlar, geo_target_constant
alanında belirtilen bir coğrafi hedefleme ölçüt kimlikleri listesine göre filtrelenebilir. Tanımlanırsa belirtilen ölçüt kimliklerinin dışında kalan hiçbir konum hedeflenmez.