Targeting per località

Questa guida descrive il targeting per località e come utilizzare l'API Google Ads per aggiungere, recuperare e aggiornare il targeting per località delle campagne.

Perché il targeting geografico è importante?

Il targeting per località ti consente di pubblicare annunci indirizzati agli utenti in una determinata area geografica regione. Ad esempio, supponiamo che tu stia pubblicizzando una catena di supermercati. Senza il targeting per località, gli annunci verranno pubblicati in tutte le regioni del mondo e i tuoi annunci potrebbero ricevere clic da utenti di regioni in cui non hai nei supermercati. Ciò genera costi senza la possibilità di ritorno sull'investimento. Con il targeting per località, le campagne pubblicano solo annunci nelle regioni con supermercati aperti. Questo approccio ti consente inoltre rivolgersi direttamente ai clienti che cercano a livello locale i supermercati.

L'API Google Ads ti consente di scegliere il target degli annunci in base a paese, regione o prossimità intorno a una specifica area geografica punto di accesso.

Scopri di più su Targeting degli annunci per località geografiche.

Campagne con targeting geografico per una regione

Puoi scegliere come target delle campagne qualsiasi regione geografica per la quale Google Ads supporta il targeting per località, ad esempio un paese, uno stato, una città o un regione del codice postale. Ogni località disponibile come target viene identificata in modo univoco da un criterio ID. Puoi cercare un ID criterio utilizzando GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants Il resource_name di ogni GeoTargetConstant è nel formato geoTargetConstants/{Criterion ID}. Ad esempio, Il valore di resource_name dello stato di New York è geoTargetConstants/21167.

Puoi aggiungere target geografici alle campagne utilizzando CampaignCriterionService Le seguenti lo snippet di codice mostra come scegliere il target della campagna con un ID criterio.

private static CampaignCriterion buildLocationIdCriterion(
    long locationId, String campaignResourceName) {
  Builder criterionBuilder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName);

  criterionBuilder
      .getLocationBuilder()
      .setGeoTargetConstant(ResourceNames.geoTargetConstant(locationId));

  return criterionBuilder.build();
}
AddCampaignTargetingCriteria.java
      

private CampaignCriterion buildLocationCriterion(long locationId,
    string campaignResourceName)
{
    GeoTargetConstantName location = new GeoTargetConstantName(locationId.ToString());
    return new CampaignCriterion()
    {
        Campaign = campaignResourceName,
        Location = new LocationInfo()
        {
            GeoTargetConstant = location.ToString()
        }
    };
}
AddCampaignTargetingCriteria.cs
      

private static function createLocationCampaignCriterionOperation(
    int $locationId,
    string $campaignResourceName
) {
    // Constructs a campaign criterion for the specified campaign ID using the specified
    // location ID.
    $campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([
        // Creates a location using the specified location ID.
        'location' => new LocationInfo([
            // Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names using
            // GeoTargetConstantServiceClient::suggestGeoTargetConstants() and directly
            // apply GeoTargetConstant::$resourceName here. An example can be found
            // in GetGeoTargetConstantByNames.php.
            'geo_target_constant' => ResourceNames::forGeoTargetConstant($locationId)
        ]),
        'campaign' => $campaignResourceName
    ]);

    return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]);
}
AddCampaignTargetingCriteria.php
      

def create_location_op(client, customer_id, campaign_id, location_id):
    campaign_service = client.get_service("CampaignService")
    geo_target_constant_service = client.get_service("GeoTargetConstantService")

    # Create the campaign criterion.
    campaign_criterion_operation = client.get_type("CampaignCriterionOperation")
    campaign_criterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create
    campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path(
        customer_id, campaign_id
    )

    # Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from
    # GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly
    # apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found
    # in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.py.
    campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant = (
        geo_target_constant_service.geo_target_constant_path(location_id)
    )

    return campaign_criterion_operation
add_campaign_targeting_criteria.py
      

def create_location(client, customer_id, campaign_id, location_id)
  client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion|
    criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id)

    criterion.location = client.resource.location_info do  |li|
      # Besides using location_id, you can also search by location names from
      # GeoTargetConstantService.suggest_geo_target_constants() and directly
      # apply GeoTargetConstant.resource_name here. An example can be found
      # in get_geo_target_constant_by_names.rb.
      li.geo_target_constant = client.path.geo_target_constant(location_id)
    end
  end
end
add_campaign_targeting_criteria.rb
      

sub create_location_campaign_criterion_operation {
  my ($location_id, $campaign_resource_name) = @_;

  # Construct a campaign criterion for the specified campaign using the
  # specified location ID.
  my $campaign_criterion =
    Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({
      # Create a location using the specified location ID.
      location => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Common::LocationInfo->new({
          # Besides using location ID, you can also search by location names
          # using GeoTargetConstantService::suggest() and directly apply
          # GeoTargetConstant->{resourceName} here. An example can be found
          # in get_geo_target_constants_by_names.pl.
          geoTargetConstant =>
            Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Utils::ResourceNames::geo_target_constant(
            $location_id)}
      ),
      campaign => $campaign_resource_name
    });

  return
    Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation
    ->new({
      create => $campaign_criterion
    });
}
add_campaign_targeting_criteria.pl
      

A volte Google può eliminare gradualmente alcuni criteri relativi alla località per vari motivi: la località può essere ristrutturata in aree più piccole o più grandi, modifiche e così via. Fai riferimento al campo status di GeoTargetConstant per determinare se una località ENABLED oppure REMOVAL_PLANNED Scopri di più su l'eliminazione delle località target.

Cerca per nome località

Puoi anche cercare l'ID criterio per nome di località utilizzando GeoTargetConstantService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants Il seguente esempio di codice mostra come cercare un ID criterio località per nome della posizione di installazione.

private void runExample(GoogleAdsClient googleAdsClient) {
  try (GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoTargetClient =
      googleAdsClient.getLatestVersion().createGeoTargetConstantServiceClient()) {

    SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Builder requestBuilder =
        SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.newBuilder();

    // Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given, 'en' is used by default.
    requestBuilder.setLocale("en");

    // A list of country codes can be referenced here:
    // https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets
    requestBuilder.setCountryCode("FR");

    requestBuilder
        .getLocationNamesBuilder()
        .addAllNames(ImmutableList.of("Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland"));

    SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response =
        geoTargetClient.suggestGeoTargetConstants(requestBuilder.build());

    for (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion :
        response.getGeoTargetConstantSuggestionsList()) {
      System.out.printf(
          "%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d) for search term (%s).%n",
          suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getResourceName(),
          suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getName(),
          suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getCountryCode(),
          suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getTargetType(),
          suggestion.getGeoTargetConstant().getStatus().name(),
          suggestion.getLocale(),
          suggestion.getReach(),
          suggestion.getSearchTerm());
    }
  }
}
GetGeoTargetConstantsByNames.java
      

public void Run(GoogleAdsClient client)
{
    // Get the GeoTargetConstantServiceClient.
    GeoTargetConstantServiceClient geoService =
        client.GetService(Services.V17.GeoTargetConstantService);

    // Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given,
    // 'en' is used by default.
    string locale = "en";

    // A list of country codes can be referenced here:
    // https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets
    string countryCode = "FR";

    string[] locations = { "Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland" };

    SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest request = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest()
    {
        Locale = locale,
        CountryCode = countryCode,
        LocationNames = new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest.Types.LocationNames()
    };

    request.LocationNames.Names.AddRange(locations);

    try
    {
        SuggestGeoTargetConstantsResponse response =
            geoService.SuggestGeoTargetConstants(request);

        foreach (GeoTargetConstantSuggestion suggestion
            in response.GeoTargetConstantSuggestions)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(
                $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.ResourceName} " +
                $"({suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Name}, " +
                $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.CountryCode}, " +
                $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.TargetType}, " +
                $"{suggestion.GeoTargetConstant.Status}) is found in locale " +
                $"({suggestion.Locale}) with reach ({suggestion.Reach}) " +
                $"for search term ({suggestion.SearchTerm}).");
        }
    }
    catch (GoogleAdsException e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Failure:");
        Console.WriteLine($"Message: {e.Message}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Failure: {e.Failure}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Request ID: {e.RequestId}");
        throw;
    }
}
GetGeoTargetConstantsByNames.cs
      

public static function runExample(
    GoogleAdsClient $googleAdsClient,
    array $locationNames,
    string $locale,
    string $countryCode
) {
    $geoTargetConstantServiceClient = $googleAdsClient->getGeoTargetConstantServiceClient();

    $response = $geoTargetConstantServiceClient->suggestGeoTargetConstants(
        new SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest([
            'locale' => $locale,
            'country_code' => $countryCode,
            'location_names' => new LocationNames(['names' => $locationNames])
        ])
    );

    // Iterates over all geo target constant suggestion objects and prints the requested field
    // values for each one.
    foreach ($response->getGeoTargetConstantSuggestions() as $geoTargetConstantSuggestion) {
        /** @var GeoTargetConstantSuggestion $geoTargetConstantSuggestion */
        printf(
            "Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d"
            . " for the search term '%s'.%s",
            $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getResourceName(),
            $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getName(),
            $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getCountryCode(),
            $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getTargetType(),
            GeoTargetConstantStatus::name(
                $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getGeoTargetConstant()->getStatus()
            ),
            $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getLocale(),
            $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getReach(),
            $geoTargetConstantSuggestion->getSearchTerm(),
            PHP_EOL
        );
    }
}
GetGeoTargetConstantsByNames.php
      

def main(client):
    gtc_service = client.get_service("GeoTargetConstantService")

    gtc_request = client.get_type("SuggestGeoTargetConstantsRequest")

    gtc_request.locale = LOCALE
    gtc_request.country_code = COUNTRY_CODE

    # The location names to get suggested geo target constants.
    gtc_request.location_names.names.extend(
        ["Paris", "Quebec", "Spain", "Deutschland"]
    )

    results = gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants(gtc_request)

    for suggestion in results.geo_target_constant_suggestions:
        geo_target_constant = suggestion.geo_target_constant
        print(
            f"{geo_target_constant.resource_name} "
            f"({geo_target_constant.name}, "
            f"{geo_target_constant.country_code}, "
            f"{geo_target_constant.target_type}, "
            f"{geo_target_constant.status.name}) "
            f"is found in locale ({suggestion.locale}) "
            f"with reach ({suggestion.reach}) "
            f"from search term ({suggestion.search_term})."
        )
get_geo_target_constants_by_names.py
      

def get_geo_target_constants_by_names
  # GoogleAdsClient will read a config file from
  # ENV['HOME']/google_ads_config.rb when called without parameters
  client = Google::Ads::GoogleAds::GoogleAdsClient.new

  gtc_service = client.service.geo_target_constant

  location_names = client.resource.location_names do |ln|
    ['Paris', 'Quebec', 'Spain', 'Deutschland'].each do |name|
      ln.names << name
    end
  end

  # Locale is using ISO 639-1 format. If an invalid locale is given,
  # 'en' is used by default.
  locale = 'en'

  # A list of country codes can be referenced here:
  # https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/data/geotargets
  country_code = 'FR'

  response = gtc_service.suggest_geo_target_constants(
    locale: locale,
    country_code: country_code,
    location_names: location_names
  )

  response.geo_target_constant_suggestions.each do |suggestion|
    puts sprintf("%s (%s,%s,%s,%s) is found in locale (%s) with reach (%d)" \
        " from search term (%s).", suggestion.geo_target_constant.resource_name,
        suggestion.geo_target_constant.name,
        suggestion.geo_target_constant.country_code,
        suggestion.geo_target_constant.target_type,
        suggestion.geo_target_constant.status,
        suggestion.locale,
        suggestion.reach,
        suggestion.search_term)
  end
end
get_geo_target_constants_by_names.rb
      

sub get_geo_target_constants_by_names {
  my ($api_client, $location_names, $locale, $country_code) = @_;

  my $suggest_response = $api_client->GeoTargetConstantService()->suggest({
      locale        => $locale,
      countryCode   => $country_code,
      locationNames =>
        Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Services::GeoTargetConstantService::LocationNames
        ->new({
          names => $location_names
        })});

  # Iterate over all geo target constant suggestion objects and print the requested
  # field values for each one.
  foreach my $geo_target_constant_suggestion (
    @{$suggest_response->{geoTargetConstantSuggestions}})
  {
    printf "Found '%s' ('%s','%s','%s',%s) in locale '%s' with reach %d" .
      " for the search term '%s'.\n",
      $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{resourceName},
      $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{name},
      $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{countryCode},
      $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{targetType},
      $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{geoTargetConstant}{status},
      $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{locale},
      $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{reach},
      $geo_target_constant_suggestion->{searchTerm};
  }

  return 1;
}
get_geo_target_constants_by_names.pl
      

Scegliere come target le campagne in base alla vicinanza a una località

A volte potresti voler scegliere un target in modo ancora più preciso rispetto a una città o paese. Ad esempio, potresti voler pubblicizzare i tuoi supermercati entro 10 chilometri dalla sede del tuo negozio. In questi casi, puoi utilizzare targeting di prossimità. Il codice per creare un target di prossimità è simile all'aggiunta di una località target, devi creare un'istanza ProximityInfo anziché un oggetto LocationInfo.

private static CampaignCriterion buildProximityLocation(String campaignResourceName) {
  Builder builder = CampaignCriterion.newBuilder().setCampaign(campaignResourceName);

  ProximityInfo.Builder proximityBuilder = builder.getProximityBuilder();
  proximityBuilder.setRadius(10.0).setRadiusUnits(ProximityRadiusUnits.MILES);

  AddressInfo.Builder addressBuilder = proximityBuilder.getAddressBuilder();
  addressBuilder
      .setStreetAddress("38 avenue de l'Opéra")
      .setCityName("Paris")
      .setPostalCode("75002")
      .setCountryCode("FR");

  return builder.build();
}
AddCampaignTargetingCriteria.java
      

private CampaignCriterion buildProximityCriterion(string campaignResourceName)
{
    ProximityInfo proximity = new ProximityInfo()
    {
        Address = new AddressInfo()
        {
            StreetAddress = "38 avenue de l'Opéra",
            CityName = "Paris",
            PostalCode = "75002",
            CountryCode = "FR"
        },
        Radius = 10d,
        // Default is kilometers.
        RadiusUnits = ProximityRadiusUnits.Miles
    };

    return new CampaignCriterion()
    {
        Campaign = campaignResourceName,
        Proximity = proximity
    };
}
AddCampaignTargetingCriteria.cs
      

private static function createProximityCampaignCriterionOperation(string $campaignResourceName)
{
    // Constructs a campaign criterion as a proximity.
    $campaignCriterion = new CampaignCriterion([
        'proximity' => new ProximityInfo([
            'address' => new AddressInfo([
                'street_address' => '38 avenue de l\'Opéra',
                'city_name' => 'Paris',
                'postal_code' => '75002',
                'country_code' => 'FR',
            ]),
            'radius' => 10.0,
            // Default is kilometers.
            'radius_units' => ProximityRadiusUnits::MILES
        ]),
        'campaign' => $campaignResourceName
    ]);

    return new CampaignCriterionOperation(['create' => $campaignCriterion]);
}
AddCampaignTargetingCriteria.php
      

def create_proximity_op(client, customer_id, campaign_id):
    campaign_service = client.get_service("CampaignService")

    # Create the campaign criterion.
    campaign_criterion_operation = client.get_type("CampaignCriterionOperation")
    campaign_criterion = campaign_criterion_operation.create
    campaign_criterion.campaign = campaign_service.campaign_path(
        customer_id, campaign_id
    )
    campaign_criterion.proximity.address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opera"
    campaign_criterion.proximity.address.city_name = "Paris"
    campaign_criterion.proximity.address.postal_code = "75002"
    campaign_criterion.proximity.address.country_code = "FR"
    campaign_criterion.proximity.radius = 10
    # Default is kilometers.
    campaign_criterion.proximity.radius_units = (
        client.enums.ProximityRadiusUnitsEnum.MILES
    )

    return campaign_criterion_operation
add_campaign_targeting_criteria.py
      

def create_proximity(client, customer_id, campaign_id)
  client.operation.create_resource.campaign_criterion do |criterion|
    criterion.campaign = client.path.campaign(customer_id, campaign_id)

    criterion.proximity = client.resource.proximity_info do |proximity|
      proximity.address = client.resource.address_info do |address|
        address.street_address = "38 avenue de l'Opéra"
        address.city_name = "Paris"
        address.postal_code = "75002"
        address.country_code = "FR"
      end

      proximity.radius = 10
      proximity.radius_units = :MILES
    end
  end
end
add_campaign_targeting_criteria.rb
      

sub create_proximity_campaign_criterion_operation {
  my ($campaign_resource_name) = @_;

  # Construct a campaign criterion as a proximity.
  my $campaign_criterion =
    Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Resources::CampaignCriterion->new({
      proximity => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Common::ProximityInfo->new({
          address => Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Common::AddressInfo->new({
              streetAddress => "38 avenue de l'Opéra",
              cityName      => "cityName",
              postalCode    => "75002",
              countryCode   => "FR"
            }
          ),
          radius => 10.0,
          # Default is kilometers.
          radiusUnits => MILES
        }
      ),
      campaign => $campaign_resource_name
    });

  return
    Google::Ads::GoogleAds::V17::Services::CampaignCriterionService::CampaignCriterionOperation
    ->new({
      create => $campaign_criterion
    });
}
add_campaign_targeting_criteria.pl
      

Recuperare i target geografici

Puoi recuperare i target geografici per una campagna utilizzando il metodo GoogleAdsService.SearchStream Puoi filtrando i risultati nella clausola WHERE.

SELECT
  campaign_criterion.campaign,
  campaign_criterion.location.geo_target_constant,
  campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.longitude_in_micro_degrees,
  campaign_criterion.proximity.geo_point.latitude_in_micro_degrees,
  campaign_criterion.proximity.radius,
  campaign_criterion.negative
FROM campaign_criterion
WHERE
  campaign_criterion.campaign = 'customers/{customer_id}/campaigns/{campaign_id}'
  AND campaign_criterion.type IN (LOCATION, PROXIMITY)

Aggiorna target geografici

Per aggiornare le località target di una campagna, devi recuperare l'elenco di target geografici esistenti e confrontarlo con l'elenco dei nuovi target. Puoi quindi utilizza l'operazione remove per rimuovere i target non necessari e Operazione create per aggiungere i nuovi target geografici necessari (ma risultano mancanti nel campagna esistente).

Escludi target geografici

Puoi anche escludere LocationInfo, ma non ProximityInfo. Questa funzione è particolarmente utile se vuoi per scegliere come target una regione, escludendo però una sottoregione (ad esempio, per scegliere come target l'intera Stati Uniti, tranne New York). Per escludere una regione, imposta il valore Campo negative in CampaignCriterion in modo che sia true.

Scegli come target più regioni geografiche

Con una LocationGroupInfo, puoi attivare una una campagna per scegliere come target più regioni geografiche. Una regione è centrata su Località definite dalle estensioni di località della campagna.

Il raggio definito nella LocationGroupInfo attribuisce una regione circolare intorno a ogni località ed è costituita da un oggetto radius, da una lunghezza e da radius_units, che può essere di metri o miglia (LocationGroupRadiusUnitsEnum).

Le località in un LocationGroupInfo possono essere filtrate in base a un elenco di targeting geografico ID criterio prescritti nei geo_target_constant. Se definita, nessuna località esistente all'esterno di verranno scelti come target gli ID criterio specificati.