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网站安全快速检查清单
使用集合让一切井井有条
根据您的偏好保存内容并对其进行分类。
2007年10月5日星期五
发表者: Nathan Johns
, 搜索质量组
原文:
Quick security checklist for webmasters
发表于: 2007年9月18日,星期二,12:34AM
最近几个月,失密网站的数量明显增多。一种解释是黑客黑掉了一些网站来发布恶意软件或制造垃圾搜索结果。不论是何原因,这是我们为站长们提供一些网站安全方面的小技巧的好时机。
免责声明
:虽然我们收集了很多小贴士以及链接,我们也鼓励管理员“请在家中尝试以下方法”,但是这绝不是一个保护你网站安全的完整清单。我们希望它有帮助,但我们也建议您要对网站安全进行更深入的研究。
人们经常犯的的错误是在自己的网站上安装一个论坛或博客软件,然后就再也不管了。就像你的车总是要保养一样,保持对你安装的任何软件的最新更新也是很重要的。需要一些小贴士?
Mark Blair的博客
上有一些很好的,包括为你网站上所有的软件和插件列个清单,并跟踪版本号和更新历史。他还建议利用任何软件开发者网站提供的feed。
养成这个习惯有很多好处,其中之一就是安全性的增加。你可能会对你的发现有些惊讶。
避免存在有开放权限的目录。这几乎就像把你家的前门敞开,门前的垫子上写着“来吧,请随意!” 你也要检查任何
xss
(跨站点脚本)和
SQL注入
漏洞。最后,选择好密码。你可以依循Gmail支持中心的一个很好的
指南
,它会帮助你选择一个密码。
如果你正考虑安装一个由第三方提供的应用软件,例如一个控件,计数器,广告网络,或网络统计服务,一定要非常小心。虽然网络上有很多非常好的第三方内容,有些提供商也可 能利用这些应用软件来干坏事,例如对你的访客有危险的脚本。要确保应用软件来自有信誉的提供者。他们有一个合法网站吗?他们提供技术支持吗?他们有联系信息吗?有其他管理员用过该软件吗?
-
尝试在Google上用site:搜索来看看Google索引了你的什么网页
谷歌的站长工具是免费的。它还有各种各样的好功能。譬如,它有关于你的网站的状态数据和管理Googlebot抓取您网站的工具。另一个亮点是,如果谷歌认为你的网站已被攻陷并被放置了恶意软件, 我们的
站长控制台会显示更详细的信息
,如一些有害网址的样本。一旦你认为恶意软件已经被删除,你可以通过站长工具来要求重新审查。
数据传输应该用SSH和SFTP,而不是象telnet或FTP的纯文本协议。 SSH和SFTP会加密,也就更安全。关于这个和其他许多有用的小技巧,请参考StopBadware.org的
清除和保护你的网站的小技巧
。
这个博客上有很多很好的关于线上安全的内容并有指向有用资源的链接。建议你把它加到你的Google Reader Feeds。:)
许多网站寄存服务公司都有技术服务组。如果你觉得有点儿不对劲,或者仅仅想确保你的网站是好的,你可以访问他们的网站或给他们打一个电话。
我们希望你能从我们的小贴士中发现有用的信息。如果您想分享你自己的技巧,请为这篇文章发表评论,或者在
谷歌站长帮助小组
开一个讨论。立即动手,让你的网站更安全!
如未另行说明,那么本页面中的内容已根据知识共享署名 4.0 许可获得了许可,并且代码示例已根据 Apache 2.0 许可获得了许可。有关详情,请参阅 Google 开发者网站政策。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2007-10-01。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2007-10-01。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eCompromised websites are increasing; review webmaster security tips to protect your site.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eRegularly update software, check server configurations, and monitor log files for suspicious activity.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eSecure your site by avoiding open permissions, using strong passwords, and being cautious with third-party content.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eUtilize Google's Webmaster Tools and site: search operator to identify potential issues and manage your site's security.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eConsider secure protocols like SSH and SFTP for data transfer and seek support from your hosting company when needed.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["Webmasters should prioritize website security by reviewing server configurations, using resources from Apache and Microsoft. Regularly update software and plugins, monitor log files, and check for common vulnerabilities like open permissions, XSS, and SQL injections. Exercise caution with third-party content. Use Google's `site:` search and Webmaster Tools for site monitoring and security alerts. Secure data transfer with SSH and SFTP and contact your hosting company for support. Stay informed through the Google Online Security Blog.\n"],null,["# Quick security checklist for webmasters\n\nTuesday, September 18, 2007\n\n\nIn recent months, there's been a noticeable increase in the number of compromised websites around\nthe web. One explanation is that people are resorting to hacking sites in order to distribute\nmalware or attempt to spam search results. Regardless of the reason, it's a great time for all\nof us to review helpful webmaster security tips.\n| **Obligatory disclaimer**: While we've collected tips and pointers below, and we encourage webmasters to \"please try the following at home,\" this is by no means an exhaustive list for your website's security. We hope it's useful, but we recommend that you conduct more thorough research as well.\n\nCheck your server configuration.\n--------------------------------\n\n\nApache has some\n[security configuration tips](https://httpd.apache.org/docs/1.3/misc/security_tips)\non their site and Microsoft has some\n[tech center resources for IIS](https://technet2.microsoft.com/windowsserver/en/library/354f4539-982a-418c-bfe7-4d5155b83f4a1033.mspx?mfr=true)\non theirs. Some of these tips include information on directory permissions, server side includes,\nauthentication and encryption.\n\nStay up-to-date with the latest software updates and patches.\n-------------------------------------------------------------\n\n\nA common pitfall for many webmasters is to install a forum or blog on their website and then\nforget about it. Much like taking your car in for a tune-up, it's important to make sure you have\nall the latest updates for any software program you have installed. Need some tips? Blogger Mark\nBlair has a few\n[good ones](https://www.mblair.net/no-sweat-website-security/),\nincluding making a list of all the software and plug-ins used for your website and keeping track\nof the version numbers and updates. He also suggests taking advantage of any feeds their websites\nmay provide.\n\nRegularly keep an eye on your log files.\n----------------------------------------\n\n\nMaking this a habit has many great benefits, one of which is added security. You might be\nsurprised with what you find.\n\nCheck your site for common vulnerabilities.\n-------------------------------------------\n\n\nAvoid having directories with open permissions. This is almost like leaving the front door to your\nhome wide open, with a door mat that reads \"Come on in and help yourself!\" Also check for any\n[XSS](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Cross_Site_Scripting)\n(cross-site scripting) and\n[SQL injection](https://www.owasp.org/index.php/SQL_injection)\nvulnerabilities. Finally, choose good passwords. The Gmail support center has some good\n[guidelines](https://mail.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=29409&topic=8266)\nto follow, which can be helpful for choosing passwords in general.\n\nBe wary of third-party content providers.\n-----------------------------------------\n\n\nIf you're considering installing an application provided by a third party, such as a widget,\ncounter, ad network, or webstat service, be sure to exercise due diligence. While there are lots\nof great third-party content on the web, it's also possible for providers to use these\napplications to push exploits, such as dangerous scripts, towards your visitors. Make sure the\napplication is created by a reputable source. Do they have a legitimate website with support and\ncontact information? Have other webmasters used the service?\n\nTry a Google `site:` search to see what's indexed.\n--------------------------------------------------\n\n\nThis may seem a bit obvious, but it's commonly overlooked. It's always a good idea to do a quick\ncheck and make sure things look normal. If you're not already familiar with the\n`site:` search operator, it's a way for you to restrict your search to a specific site.\nFor example, the search\n[site:googleblog.blogspot.com](https://www.google.com/search?q=site%3Agoogleblog.blogspot.com)\nwill only return results from the Official Google Blog.\n\nUse Google's\n[Webmaster Tools](https://search.google.com/search-console/about)\n------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n\nIt includes all kinds of good stuff like a site status wizard and tools for managing how Googlebot\ncrawls your site. Another nice feature is that if Google believes your site has been hacked to\nhost malware, our\n[webmaster console will show more detailed information](/search/blog/2007/08/malware-reviews-via-webmaster-tools),\nsuch as a sample of harmful URLs. Once you think the malware is removed, you then can request a\nreevaluation through Webmaster Tools.\n\nUse secure protocols.\n---------------------\n\n\nSSH and SFTP should be used for data transfer, rather than plain text protocols such as telnet\nor FTP. SSH and SFTP use encryption and are much safer. For this and many other useful tips,\ncheck out StopBadware.org's\n[Tips for Cleaning and Securing Your Website](https://www.stopbadware.org/home/security).\n\nRead the\n[Google Online Security Blog](https://googleonlinesecurity.blogspot.com/).\n-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n\nHere's some great content about online security and safety with pointers to lots of useful\nresources. It's a good one to add to your Google Reader feeds. :)\n\nContact your hosting company for support.\n-----------------------------------------\n\n\nMost hosting companies have helpful and responsive support groups. If you think something may be\nwrong, or you simply want to make sure you're in the know, visit their website or give 'em a call.\n\n\nWe hope you find these tips helpful. If you have some of your own tips you'd like to share, you\ncan start a discussion in the\n[Google Webmaster Help](https://support.google.com/webmasters/community)\ngroup. Practice safe webmastering!\n\nWritten by Nathan Johns, Search Quality Team"]]