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智能手机搜索结果排名更改
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2013年7月5日星期五
发表者:
Yoshikiyo Kato,软件工程师(移动搜索小组)
;
皮埃尔·法 (Pierre Far)
,网站站长趋势分析师
智能手机用户是互联网用户的一大重要细分用户群,人数增长非常迅速。Google 希望能让这部分用户充分体验到网络的丰富多彩。我们一直在努力改进移动网络体验,因此特在此发布了一些
建议
,并列出了一些最
常见的配置错误
。
避免这些常见的配置错误有助于智能手机用户与您的网站充分进行互动,并帮助搜索者更快地找到想要的内容。为改善智能手机用户的搜索体验,解决让他们头痛的问题,对于那些未针对智能手机用户正确进行配置的网站,我们计划在不久的将来对其排名进行一些改动。
现在我们来看看两种最常见的错误以及纠正这些错误的方法。
错误重定向
有些网站采用不同的网址来分别为桌面设备用户和智能手机用户提供服务。错误重定向是指,桌面版网页将智能手机用户重定向至专为智能手机优化的网站上的无关网页。典型的例子是:桌面版网站上的所有页面都将智能手机用户重定向至专为智能手机优化的网站的首页。比如,下图中显示为红色箭头的重定向就是错误的:
这种错误重定向会打断用户的工作流,可能导致他们放弃使用该网站而转向别处。即使用户没有弃用该网站,但重定向至无关页面会给他们增加工作负担,这在移动网络网速缓慢时尤其令人讨厌。不管用户是在搜索网页、视频还是别的内容,这些错误的重定向都会让用户烦闷不已。我们对排名进行的更改将会影响
多种类型的搜索。
要避免无关重定向非常容易:只需将智能手机用户从桌面版网页重定向至专为智能手机优化的相应网页即可。如果相应内容没有适用于智能手机的格式,则可显示该内容的桌面版,这总比重定向至无关网页要好。
我们还有更多
关于重定向的小窍门
,请务必仔细阅读我们提出的相关建议,为桌面设备用户和智能手机用户分别提供
不同的网址
。
只在智能手机上出现的错误
某些网站可以向访问某个网址的桌面设备用户显示相应内容,但却向使用智能手机访问的用户显示错误网页。在很多情况下都会出现这种只在智能手机上出现的错误。常见情况有:
-
如果您识别出用户是通过移动设备访问桌面版网页,并且您拥有采用不同网址的适用于智能手机的相应网页,请将用户重定向至该网址,而不要显示 404 错误或
软 404 错误页面
。
-
请确保适用于智能手机的网页本身不是错误网页。如果您的内容没有适用于智能手机的格式,请显示相应的桌面版网页。相比于显示错误网页,向用户显示他们要查找的内容能让其获得好得多的用户体验。
-
错误处理 Googlebot 移动版。智能手机 Googlebot 移动版被错误重定向至
为功能手机优化的网站
,该网站反过来又将智能手机 Googlebot 移动版重定向至桌面版网站,结果造成无限的重定向循环,便会产生错误。这种错误非常典型。
要避免这种错误很简单:所有
Googlebot 移动版用户代理
都将自己视为特定类型的移动设备,所以您应该对 Googlebot 移动版用户代理和移动设备一视同仁,提供完全相同的响应。比如,如果当前智能手机 Googlebot 移动版将自己视作 iPhone,那么您对它的响应就应该与对 iPhone 用户的响应一样。
-
不能在智能手机上播放的视频。很多网站的视频嵌入方式在桌面设备上效果不错,但在智能手机上却不能播放。比如,如果视频内容需要用 Adobe Flash 播放,该视频就不能在 iPhone 或 Android 4.1 和更高版本上播放。
尽管在本文中我们只涉及了两类错误,但网站站长务必要尽力避免智能手机网站所有常见的
配置错误
。请尝试在不同的移动设备和操作系统或模拟器上对您的网站进行测试,包括测试网站中所含视频。这样做有助于改进移动网站,让用户满意,并让搜索者充分体验您网站上的全部内容。
与往常一样,如果您有任何问题,请到我们的
论坛
发帖咨询。
如未另行说明,那么本页面中的内容已根据知识共享署名 4.0 许可获得了许可,并且代码示例已根据 Apache 2.0 许可获得了许可。有关详情,请参阅 Google 开发者网站政策。Java 是 Oracle 和/或其关联公司的注册商标。
最后更新时间 (UTC):2013-07-01。
[null,null,["最后更新时间 (UTC):2013-07-01。"],[[["\u003cp\u003eGoogle will implement ranking changes to improve mobile search and address issues with sites misconfigured for smartphone users.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eWebsites with separate URLs for desktop and mobile should ensure that redirects are to equivalent pages, not just the mobile homepage, to enhance user experience.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eSites should avoid smartphone-only errors like 404s, soft 404s, or unplayable content by ensuring mobile users can access content or are redirected appropriately.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eWebmasters should test their sites across different mobile devices and operating systems to ensure proper functionality and avoid common mobile misconfigurations.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eGoogle encourages webmasters to focus on providing a seamless mobile experience to enhance user satisfaction and search performance.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],["Google aims to improve the mobile web experience by addressing common smartphone site misconfigurations. Key actions include avoiding faulty redirects, where desktop pages redirect smartphone users to irrelevant mobile pages. Instead, redirect to equivalent mobile pages or show desktop content if no mobile version exists. Another issue is smartphone-only errors, such as serving error pages to mobile users instead of desktop content or redirecting Googlebot-Mobile incorrectly. Sites are advised to test on various mobile devices and operating systems.\n"],null,["# Changes in rankings of smartphone search results\n\nTuesday, June 11, 2013\n\n\nSmartphone users are a significant and fast growing segment of Internet users, and at Google we\nwant them to experience the full richness of the web. As part of our efforts to improve the mobile\nweb, we published our [recommendations](/search/docs/crawling-indexing/mobile/mobile-sites-mobile-first-indexing) and the most\n[common configuration mistakes](/search/docs/crawling-indexing/mobile/mobile-sites-mobile-first-indexing).\n\n\nAvoiding these mistakes helps your smartphone users engage with your site fully and helps\nsearchers find what they're looking for faster. To improve the search experience for smartphone\nusers and address their pain points, we plan to roll out several ranking changes in the near\nfuture that address sites that are misconfigured for smartphone users.\n\nLet's now look at two of the most common mistakes and how to fix them.\n\nFaulty redirects\n----------------\n\n\nSome websites use separate URLs to serve desktop and smartphone users. A faulty redirect is when a\ndesktop page redirects smartphone users to an irrelevant page on the smartphone-optimized website.\nA typical example is when all pages on the desktop site redirect smartphone users to the home page\nof the smartphone-optimized site. For example, in the figure below, the redirects shown as red\narrows are considered faulty:\n\n\nThis kind of redirect disrupts a user's workflow and may lead them to stop using the site and go\nelsewhere. Even if the user doesn't abandon the site, irrelevant redirects add more work for them\nto handle, which is particularly troublesome when they're on slow mobile networks. These faulty\nredirects frustrate users whether they're looking for a webpage, video, or something else, and our\nranking changes will affect many types of searches.\n\n\nAvoiding irrelevant redirects is very easy: Simply redirect smartphone users from a desktop page\nto its equivalent smartphone-optimized page. If the content doesn't exist in a smartphone-friendly\nformat, showing the desktop content is better than redirecting to an irrelevant page.\n\n\nWe have more\n[tips about redirects](/search/docs/crawling-indexing/mobile/mobile-sites-mobile-first-indexing), and be sure to\nread our recommendations for having\n[separate URLs](/search/docs/crawling-indexing/mobile/mobile-sites-mobile-first-indexing#separate-urls) for desktop and\nsmartphone users.\n\nSmartphone-only errors\n----------------------\n\n\nSome sites serve content to desktop users accessing a URL but show an error page to smartphone\nusers. There are many scenarios where smartphone-only errors are seen. Some common ones are:\n\n-\n If you recognize a user is visiting a desktop page from a mobile device and you have an\n equivalent smartphone-friendly page at a different URL, redirect them to that URL instead of\n serving a `404` or a\n [`soft 404` page](/search/docs/advanced/crawling/soft-404-errors).\n\n-\n Make sure that the smartphone-friendly page itself is not an error page. If your content is\n not available in a smartphone-friendly format, serve the desktop page instead. Showing the\n content the user was looking for is a much better experience than showing an error page.\n\n-\n Incorrectly handling Googlebot-Mobile. A typical mistake is when Googlebot-Mobile for\n smartphones is incorrectly redirected to the website\n [optimized for feature phones](/search/docs/crawling-indexing/mobile/mobile-sites-mobile-first-indexing) which, in turn,\n redirects Googlebot-Mobile for smartphones back to desktop site. This results in infinite\n redirect loop, which we recognize as error.\n\n\n Avoiding this mistake is easy: All\n [Googlebot-Mobile user agents](/search/docs/crawling-indexing/googlebot) identify\n themselves as specific mobile devices, and you should treat these Googlebot user agents\n exactly like you would treat these devices. For example, Googlebot Mobile for smartphones\n currently identifies itself as an iPhone and you should serve it the same response an iPhone\n user would get.\n- Unplayable videos on smartphone devices. Many websites embed videos in a way that works well on desktops but is unplayable on smartphone devices. For example, if content requires Adobe Flash, it won't be playable on an iPhone or on Android versions 4.1 and higher.\n\n\nAlthough we covered only two types of mistakes here, it's important for webmasters to focus on\navoiding all of the common smartphone website\n[misconfigurations](/search/docs/crawling-indexing/mobile/mobile-sites-mobile-first-indexing). Try to test your\nsite on as many different mobile devices and operating systems, or their emulators, as possible,\nincluding testing the videos included on your site. Doing so will improve the mobile web, make\nyour users happy, and allow searchers to experience your content fully.\n\n\nAs always, please ask in our\n[forums](https://support.google.com/webmasters/threads?hl=en&thread_filter=(category:crawling_indexing_ranking))\nif you have any questions.\n\n\nBy Yoshikiyo Kato, Software Engineer, on behalf of Mobile Search team, and\n[Pierre Far](/search/blog/authors/pierre-far),\nWebmaster Trends Analyst"]]